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    Pharmacology Captopril

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    dalilaarshad31
    The document discusses the drug captopril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. It provides details on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of captopril, including that it works by inhibiting the enzyme ACE and preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Guidelines are given for dosage, administration, monitoring side effects, and patient education when using captopril. Contraindications and interactions are also summarized.

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    Pharmacology Captopril

    Uploaded by

    dalilaarshad31
    12 views14 pages
    The document discusses the drug captopril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. It provides details on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of captopril, including that it works by inhibiting the enzyme ACE and preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Guidelines are given for dosage, administration, monitoring side effects, and patient education when using captopril. Contraindications and interactions are also summarized.

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    The document discusses the drug captopril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. It provides details on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of captopril, including that it works by inhibiting the enzyme ACE and preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Guidelines are given for dosage, administration, monitoring side effects, and patient education when using captopril. Contraindications and interactions are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views14 pages

    Pharmacology Captopril

    Uploaded by

    dalilaarshad31
    The document discusses the drug captopril, an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and diabetic nephropathy. It provides details on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of captopril, including that it works by inhibiting the enzyme ACE and preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Guidelines are given for dosage, administration, monitoring side effects, and patient education when using captopril. Contraindications and interactions are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    PHARMACOLOGY & IMMUNOLOGY

    MWMS 4023
    ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUGS
    (CAPTOPRIL)

    KUMPULAN 4
    1.SALMIZA BINTI DARUS ADMW1/2024(03)-0025
    2.ASMARIA BINTI IBRAHIM ADMW1/2024(03)-0001
    3.NOR DALILA BINTI ARSHAD ADMW1/2024(03)-0013
    4.NOR AIN BINTI MOHD YUSOF ADMW1/2024(03)-0012
    5.FADILAH BINTI MUSTAPA ADMW1/2024(03)-0003
    1
    Learning Outcome:

    1. Explain pharmacokinectics and pharmacodynamics


    of Anti-hypertensive drugs.
     Dosage
     Route
     Frequency
     Indication
     Contraindication
     Side effect.
     Care before giving medication 2

     Care after giving medication


    ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME -
    CAPTOPRIL

     TRADE NAME = CAPTOPRIL


     BRAND NAME = CAPOTEN
     CLASS = ACE INHIBITORS

    3
    INTRODUCTION
     Captoprilis a medication used to treat high blood
    pressure,congestive heart failure,and kidney
    problems caused by diabetes.
     Itbelongs to a class of drugs called angiotensin-
    converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors,with work by
    blocking the production of a hormone called
    angiotensin II,with causes blood vessels to
    constrict.
    4
    Indication:
     Hypertension
     Congestive heart failure.
     Post myocardial infarction.
     Diabetic nepropathy

    Contraindication:
     Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are contraindicated during second and third
    trimester of pregnancy, drug may cause fetal injury and death. Discontinue as soon
    as possible when pregnancy is detected.
     Lactation
     Hypersensitivity to drug or others ACE inhibitors.
     Bilateral renal artery stenosis
     Allergy to captopril,history of angioedema
    5
    (References : DIMS and Rnpedia.com)
    Pharmacokinetics:
     Metabolism: 50% is metabolized in the liver.
     Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
     Distribution: Distributed into most body tissues also crosses
    placenta and enters breast milk (small amounts).
     Excretion: Via urine and small amounts are excreated in feces.

    6
    Pharmacodynamic:
     Inhibits ACE needed to convert inactive angiotensin I to active angiotensin II

    Captopril prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to


    angiotensin II by inhibiting ACE

    Reduces plasma angiotensin II

    Increasing plasma renin activity (PRA) due to loss of


    negative feedback and release renin

    Aldosterone decreases

    reducing sodium and water retention and lowering


    blood pressure.
    7
    DOSAGE
     Hypertension
    -Initial : 12.5mg BD
    -Maintenance: 25-50mg BD
    -Max : 50mg TDS

     Heart failure
    -Initial : 6.25mg-12.5mg 2-3 times/day
    -Max : 50mg TDS

     Diabetic nephropathy 25mg tds

    ROUTE
     Per oral

    FREQUENCY 8

     8-12 hours
    9
    SIDE EFFECT
     Hypotension
     Hypersensetivity
     Cough – Caused by Bradycinin and substance accumulates above and below
    and obstructed/blocked airways by ACE I enzyme.
     Nausea
     Chest pain
     Palpitation
     Tachycardiac
     Proteinuria
     Flushing (sudden warmth, redness, or tingly feeling)

    10
    (References: DIMS)
    CARE BEFORE GIVING MEDICATION
     Prepare the necessary equipment
     Make sure the patients is not taking other drug that interact with
    this drug.
     Given medicine 1 hour before meals
     Stop antihypertensive medication 1 week before starting captopril
     Practice “7 R”
    (Right patient,right drug,right dose,right time,right route,right to
    refuse,right documentation.)

    11
    CARE AFTER GIVING MEDICATION

    • Check vital sign especially blood pressure every 15minute for 1


    hour,then hourly.
    • Monitor drug side effects : hypotension
    • Report to doctor if any abnormality
    • Document all information obtained

    12
    ASSESSMENT
     Monitor for sudden blood pressure drop within 3 hours of
    initial dose if patient is receiving concurrent diuretics and
    a low-sodium diet.
     Tellpatient to take drug 1 hour before meals on empty
    stomach.
     Advise patient to report fever, rash, sore throat and cough.
     Inform patient that dizziness, fainting and light-
    headedness usually disappear once his body adjust to drug.

    13
    REFERENCES

     Wolters k, willium L. and wilkin 2009.Nursing Pharmacology made Increadibly.


     Mosby’s Drug Guideline for Nurses .2009.ed 8
     https://www.mayoclinic.org
     www.npra.gov.my
     Nursing spectrum drug hand book/patricia dwyer schull
     Clinical practice guidelines management of hypertension 5th edition(2018)
     Reference.Medscape.com/drug
     Drug and nursing implications 8th edition (Shannon,Wilson,stang)
     Clinical practice guidelines 5th edition 2018
     https://www.medicinenet.com/labetalol/article.htm
     https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-7212/labetalol-oral/details

    14

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