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Unit 1

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Jinzel Kaye Cristobal
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32 views

Unit 1

Uploaded by

Jinzel Kaye Cristobal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Child and

and Learning
Adolescent Learners
Principles
MS. JOY C. BERMUDEZ, LPT, MAGC,
Instructor
RGC
UNIT 1:
Learner- Centered
Psychological Principles
The LEARN
is the center of
instruction.
ER
Cognitive and
Metacognitive Motivational and
Factors Affective Factors
6 principles 3 principles

14 Learner- Centered
Principles

Developmental and Individual


Societal Factors Difference Factors
2 principles 3 principles
COGNITIVE
metacognitive
AND
Factors
1. Nature of the Learning
The learning of complex subject matter is most effective
Process
when it is an intentional process of constructing meaning
from information.

2. Goals of the Learning


The successful learner, over time and with support and
Process
instructional guidance, can create meaningful, coherent
representations of knowledge.
3. Construction of
The successful learner can link new information with
Knowledge
existing knowledge in meaningful ways.

4. Strategic Thinking
The successful learner can create and use a repertoire of
thinking and reasoning strategies to achieve complex
learning goals.
5. Thinking about
Higher order strategies for selecting and monitoring
thinking
mental operations facilitate creative and critical thinking.

6. Context of Learning
Learning is influenced by environmental factors, including
culture, technology and instructional practices.
MOTIVATIONA
AND
L
Factors
AFFECTIVE
7. Motivational and emotional
What and how much is learned is influenced by the learner’s
influences
motivation. Motivation to learn,on learning
in turn, is influenced by the
individual’s emotional states, beliefs, interests and goals, and
habits of thinking.

8. Intrinsic motivation to
The learner’s creativity, higher order thinking, and natural curiosity
learn.
all contribute to motivation to learn. Intrinsic motivation is
stimulated by tasks of optimal novelty and difficulty, relevant to
personal interests and providing for personal choice and control.
9. Effects of motivation on
Acquisition of complexeffort
knowledge and skills requires
extended learners effort and guided practice. Without
learners’ motivation to learn, the willingness to exert this
effort is unlikely without coercion.
developmental
AND social
Factors
10. Developmental influences on
As individual develop, there are different opportunities and
Learning
constraints for learning. Learning is most effective when
differential development within and across physical, intellectual,
emotional and social domains is taken into account.

11. Social influences on


Learning is influenced by social instructions, interpersonal
relations, and Learning
communication with others.
INDIVIDUAL
DIFFERENCE
Factors
Children areflowers.
They
like all bloom at
and in
different times
different ways.
12. Individual differences in
Learners have different strategies, approaches and
Learning
capabilities for learning that are a function of prior
experience and heredity.

13. Learning and diversity


Learning is most effective when differences in learner’s
linguistic, cultural, and social backgrounds are taken into
account.
14. Standard and Assessment
Setting appropriately high and challenging standards and
assessing the learner as well as learning progress- including
diagnostic, process, and outcome assessment- are integral
parts of the learning process.
Alexander and Murphy gave a summary of
the 14 principles and distilled them into 5
areas:
1. The knowledge
base
-One’s existing knowledge serves
future learning. The learner’s
as the foundation of all
previous knowledge will
influence new learning specifically on how he represents
new information, makes association and filters new
experiences.
2. Strategic processing
-Learnersand control.
can develop skills to reflect and regulate their
thoughts and behaviors in order to learn more effectively
(metacognition).

3. Motivation
and effect.
-Factors such as intrinsic
reasons from wanting to
motivation (from within),
learn, personal goals and
enjoyment from learning tasks all have a crucial role in
the learning process.
4. Development and
individual
-Learning is a unique differences
journey for each person because
learner has his own unique combination of genetic and
each

environmental factors.

5. Situation or
-Learning happens in the context of a society as well as
within context
an individual.
Reflectio
From the module
n: on Learner-
Centered Psychological
Principles, I realized that…

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