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    GE2 Readings in Philippine History

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    Brenda Castillo

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    GE2 Readings in Philippine History

    Uploaded by

    Brenda Castillo
    7 views40 pages

    Original Title

    GE-2-1ST-M

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    7 views40 pages

    GE2 Readings in Philippine History

    Uploaded by

    Brenda Castillo

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 40

    GE 2

    READINGS IN
    PHILIPPINE
    HISTORY
    “The end goal is to enable students to understand
    and appreciate our rich past by deriving insights
    from those who were actually present at the time of
    the event.”
    LEARNING OUTCOMES
    • Demonstrate an understanding of history;
    • Explain the relevance of (studying) history;
    • Identify the differences between primary and
    secondary sources; and
    • Evaluate sources in terms of:
     authenticity (real, worthy of belief);
     credibility (capacity of belief); and
    provenance (origin/source).
    TOPICS
    • Meaning and relevance of history;
    • Distinction between primary and secondary
    sources;
    • Different kinds of primary sources;
    • External and internal criticism; and
    • Repositories of primary sources
    SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS

     Doyou agree that “history is like chismis”? Why?


    Or why not?
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    History comes from the Greek word historia, which
    means inquiry or research.
     It refers to accounts or inquiries of events that happened
    in the past and narrated in a chronological order.
    The “study of beliefs and desires, and institutions of
    human beings”.
    To put it simply, history is the study of the past.
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Individuals who write about history are called
    historians.
    - They seek to understand the present by examining what
    went before.
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Why do we need to learn about the past?
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History

    1. History helps us understand people and societies


    e.g. Pre-historic Batangueños used to bury their dead
    along with some kitchen wares. It suggested that they
    believed in the idea of ‘life-after-death’ and that their
    departed loved one might need a plate and chalices to eat
    and drink off. https://www.batangas.gov.ph/portal/history/
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History

    2. History Helps Us Understand Change and How Society


    We live Came to Be
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History
    3. History Contributes to Moral Understanding
    It tests our own moral sense, to hone it against some of the
    real complexities that individuals have faced in difficult
    settings.

    -What really happened?


    -What were done right or wrong?
    -What could have done to prevent it?
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History
    4. History Provides Identity
    “Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa kanyang
    pinanggalingan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan.”
    -Jose Rizal
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History
    5. Studying History Is Essential for Good Citizenship
    MEANING AND RELEVANCE OF
    HISTORY
    Relevance of History
    6. History Is Useful in the World of Work
    -It helps create good business people, professionals and
    political leaders.
    e.g. legislation
     Students who study history develop research skills, the
    ability to find and evaluate sources of information, and
    the means to identify and evaluate diverse
    interpretations.
    HISTORIOGRAPHY

    TRADITIONAL HISTORIANS mantra: “NO


    DOCUMENT, NO HISTORY”
    VS
    MORE INCLUSIVE AND COLLABORATIVE
    APPROACH
    Oral traditions:  Archaeology
    • epics and songs  Linguistics
    • Memory  Biology
    Artifacts  Biochemistry
    Architecture
    HISTORIOGRAPHY
     Historiography, in simple terms, is the history of
    history.
    …(This) lets students to have a better understanding of
    history. They do not only get to learn historical facts, but
    they are also provided with the understanding of the facts
    and the historian’s contexts (who wrote it(?), methods
    employed, sources used, and theory and perspectives, and
    context of publication)…
    QUIZ 1 (TRUE OR FALSE)
    1. History is the study of the future.
    2. History comes from the Latin word historia, which
    means inquiry or research.
    3. History is useful in the world of work.
    4. History does not contribute to moral understanding.
    5. A “NO DOCUMENT, NO HISTORY” approach in
    studying history is an inclusive one.
    6. As a student of history, we should only concern
    ourselves with important dates, prominent people,
    and significant historical events.
    QUIZ 1 (TRUE OR FALSE)
    7. Students who study history may develop the ability
    to find and evaluate sources of information, and the
    means to identify and evaluate diverse
    interpretations.
    8. To understand the present world that we live in, we
    must only look ahead.
    9. Historians are individuals who write about history.
    10. History does not provide identity.
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
     Primary Sources
    -These are documents, physical objects, or oral
    or video accounts made by an individual or a
    group (of people) present at the time and place
    being described.
    -These materials provide facts from people who
    actually witnessed and/or experienced the event
    in question.
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
     Primary Sources
    -Diaries -Photographs
    - Audio and
    -Letters
    Video
    -Memoirs
    Recordings
    -Journals - Research
    -Speeches Reports in the
    -Manuscripts Natural or
    -Interviews Social Sciences
    -Other unpublished works
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
     Secondary Sources
    -These are materials made by people long after
    the events being described had taken place.
    -They interpret, assign value to, conjecture upon,
    and draw conclusions about the events reported
    in primary sources.
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
     Secondary Sources
    -books and articles that interpret or review
    research works
    -textbooks
    -commentaries
    -literary criticism
    -biographies
    DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY
    AND SECONDARY SOURCES
    Therefore, the key function of primary
    source documents is to give facts.
    Meanwhile, secondary source
    documents provide valuable
    interpretations of historical events.
    EVALUATING SOURCES

    External and Internal Criticisms

    Credibility Authenticity Provenance


    EVALUATING SOURCES
    EVALUATING SOURCES
    EVALUATING SOURCES
    Internal Criticism
    How is it done?
    EVALUATING SOURCES
    1. How does the author know these details (names,
    dates, times)? Was the author present at the event or
    seen on the scene?

    2. Where does this information come from? Are they


    from personal experience, eyewitnesses accounts, or
    reports written by others?

    3. Are the author’s conclusion based on a single piece of


    evidence, or have many sources been taken into
    account?
    EVALUATING SOURCES

    Why Are External and


    Internal Criticisms Important?
    EVALUATING SOURCES
    1. Use of unverified and untruthful historical sources can lead to
    equally false conclusions.

    2. Without thorough criticisms of historical evidences, historical


    deception and lies will be highly probable.

    3. To avoid historical distortion.


    EVALUATING SOURCES

    https://youtu.be/kFjr9_azT6s
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

    Definition

    • Repositories are places where something is


    deposited or stored.
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

    -It preserves and makes the


    primary source of information on
    Philippine history accessible to
    the public.
    - It is the home of about 60
    million documents from centuries
    of Spanish rule in the Philippines,
    the American and Japanese
    occupations, as well as the years
    of the Republic (1899-present).

    1. National Archives of the


    Philippines
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

    2. Museums
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

    -Repository for Republic Acts and


    other legislative enactments or
    statutes.

    3. Official Gazette
    published by National
    Printing Office
    REPOSITORIES OF PRIMARY SOURCES

    - Repository of the Supreme


    Court decisions, Philippine
    Reports, citations of books,
    treatise, and pleadings.

    4. Supreme Court Reports


    Annotated (SCRA)
    ACTIVITY 1
    DIRECTIONS:
    1. READ (CAREFULLY) THE EXCERPTS OF THE
    DOCUMENT ENTITLED: THE TABON CAVES
    BY ROBERT B FOX AND TABON MAN BY
    WILLIAM HENRY SCOTT.

    2. IN A ½ SHEET OF YELLOW PAPER, IN AT


    LEAST 1 PARAGRAPH, WRITE A
    CREDIBILITY ANALYSIS OF THE SOURCES
    AND ANSWER THE QUESTION: “WHO
    BETWEEN THE AUTHORS IS MORE
    CREDIBLE TO TALK ABOUT THE TOPIC?”

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