Introduction To IT (Lecture#1)
Introduction To IT (Lecture#1)
Introduction To IT (Lecture#1)
to
Information
Technology
Course Assessment
Presentation 15%
Total = 100%
Policies
• Turn off your cell phone during lecture
• You are responsible for what is covered in
class – even if you don’t show up
• Deficiency in attendance may lead to
termination or relegation
• You are encouraged to help each other with
your homework assignments – but you must
turn in your own work
• If you are found to be cheating, you will fail
at least the assignment / test and perhaps
the entire class
Policies
• If you have any learning disabilities or special
needs, please let me know in advance through
email or personal meeting
• Every second lecture there will be an
Assignment which you will submit in next class
• Quizzes are unannounced
Lecture # 1
Technology
A set of tools that enables you to work more
efficiently and effectively with information
Information
Data • Data that has been summarized or
otherwise manipulated for use in
• The raw facts and decision making
Definition-2:
“A message which source wants to communicate to the
receiver”
Data
Collection of raw
unprocessed facts, figures,
and symbols from various
sources
Information
Data that is organized,
meaningful, and useful
Information Technology
A set of tools that enables
Facts us to work with information
presented in
Software
a meaningful Hardware •Application software
•Input devices
fashion. •Output devices
e.g.MS-office S/W, media
software, business software
•Telecommunication •System software e.g.
devices operating system software,
•Storage devices utility software
Personal Computers
Wireless Networks
Satellites
Cellular technology
videoconferencing
Internet
Information Technology
Technical definition:
• Personal
Time:- Access to info when you need it and
information that describes the time period you are
considering
Location:- Access to information no matter where
you are
Form:- Information in a form that is most usable
and understandable and information that is free of
errors
e.g Audio, Text, Video, Animation, Graph,
Defective products etc
Dimension of Information
• Organizational
Speed
• Computers can perform complex calculations,
recall stored information, transmit information
from one location to another in a split of a
second.
Consistency
• A computer can perform a task the same way
every time.
Benefits of IT
Precision
• Computers can detect minute differences that
people can not see.
• In automobile manufacturing embedded
computer system helps precise placement of a
part.
Reliability
• Reliability comes with speed, consistency and
precision
What is a System?
• A system is…
– A set of interrelated components
– With a clearly defined boundary
– Working together
– To achieve a common set of objectives
– By accepting inputs and producing outputs
– In an organized transformation process
Basic Functions of a System
• Input
– Capturing and assembling elements that enter the
system to be processed
• Processing
– Transformation process that converts input into
output
• Output
– Transferring transformed elements to their
ultimate destination
What is an Information System?
• An organized combination of…
– People
– Hardware and software
– Communication networks
– Data resources
– Policies and procedures
• This system…
– Stores, retrieves, transforms, and disseminates
information in an organization
What is an Information System?
• A system that collects, processes, stores,
analyzes, and disseminates information.
Data Calculations
Process
Collect Produce
And
Instructions Inputs Outputs
Transform Reports
Store
IS---Examples
Technical definition:
• Efficiency
– Minimize cost, time, and use of information
resources
• Effectiveness
– Support business strategies
– Enable business processes
– Enhance organizational structure and culture
– Increase customer and business value
Developing IS Solutions
Where Computers Are Used:
Education
• Teaching and
testing aid
• Learning by doing
• Computer-based
instruction
Where Computers Are Used:
Retailing
• Monitor patients
• Electronic imaging
• Diagnose illnesses
• Tele-health
Where Computers Are Used:
Robotics
E-commerce
On-Line Conferences
IT In Support of Business
Operational Excellence