WEEK 3 RESEARCH 1 UNIT 2 Qualitative Reasearch and Its Importance On Daily Life

WEEK 3
RESEARCH 1
UNIT 2: QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND ITS
IMPORTANCE ON DAILY LIFE
UNIT 1:
Qualitative Reasearch and Its
Importance on Daily Life
Learning Outcomes
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Define Qualitative Research and identify different types of
qualitative research.
• Know the advantages and dis advantages of qualitative
research.
• Decide on what type of qualitative study you want to pursue.
Qualities of a Good
Qualitative Inquirer
TECHNICAL COMPETENCY:
The ability to use available technologies
UTILITY COMPETENCY:
The ability to troubleshoot during unexpected scenario
PATIENCE:
Intra (within) and extra (outside) group
SERVICE:
Willingness of the researcher to serve others, to do good
EFFORT:
Time and skill
GUTS AND RISK:
Considering options
CARE:
Distinct characteristics of a researcher
The Research Process
?
All research endeavors share a common goal of furthering our
understanding of the problem and thus all traverse through certain basic
stages, forming a process called the research process.
Understanding of the research process is necessary to

effectively carry out research and sequencing of the stages
inherent in the process.
The Research Process
CONCEPTUALIZATION
DESIGN PHASE
PHASE
EMPERICAL PHASE ANALYTICAL PHASE
DISSEMINATION
PHASE
Research is systematic process.
Students conducting research should follow a series of steps to arrive at a good and quality research
paper. Research projects typically undergo several phases of development, namely:
• Conceptualization Phase
• Design Phase
• Empirical Phase
• Analytical Phase
• Dissemination Phase.
CONCEPTUALIZATION PHASE
This is where the topic is identified. Studies are recommended to focus on a not- too-broad
but not-to-specific concept to allow flexibility and further exploration. Literature reviews are
required for quantitative studies but optional in qualitative inquiries.
Topic selection is followed by objective framing or identifying the 'Central Question' that
needs to be addressed.
Researchers must note that a central question in qualitative inquiry shall focus on
understanding human experience using words rather than quantifying a perception.
DESIGN PHASE
It is known as the planning phase where researchers decide on the detailed
procedures in gathering and analyzing data.
Researchers must arrive on a consensus regarding the

how, where and when the study will be conducted and
analyzed.
EMPIRICAL PHASE
Actual data gathering and collection are conducted at this phase. The researchers
are e quipped with the necessary attitude, behavior and tools in gathering data
from the prospective data sources.
In qualitative studies, respondents are known as key informants or

sometimes co-researchers. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions
(FGD) are commonly employed with the use of the interview guides or
'Aide Memoire'.
ANALYTICAL PHASE
It is the most challenging phase of the research process. Researchers in this phase are preparing
and assessing the data through the use of several tools and even the researchers own
understanding as supported by his belief and previous researches published in the same area of
interest. In qualitative studies, interview texts are being delimited to manageable statements and
thematized.
In most papers, a model (or simulacrum) is being produced to summarize

an understanding of the themes that emerged in the study. The results of
the studies are interpreted in this phase before the actual writeup or
research manuscript.
DISSEMINATION PHASE
Is the most valuable but often neglected by the

researchers.
Research results in the form of a a well-written full research manuscript
are advised to be shared to the general public if not on the specific
population or professional groups that can benefit from its result.
THE RESEARCH
MANUSCRIPT
RESEARCH MANUSCRIPT
Research manuscripts are the final written output of a research study. It
is the product of the research process in written and/or soft copy file
form.
Research results in the form of a a well-written full research manuscript

are advised to be shared to the general public if not on the specific
population or professional groups that can benefit from its result.
RESEARCH MANUSCRIPT
The content and format of the research manuscript should follow specific research
content guidelines and format.
Traditionally, research manuscripts are written in by-chapter, while others

adopt the internationally accepted
Introduction-Method-Results-Discussion (IMRAD)
format and content based on the American Psychological Association
(APA, 6th Edition) Standards.
RESEARCH MANUSCRIPT
The Our Lady of Fatima University Research Development and Innovation Center promotes the use of
the APA style and content. It promotes the use of 6,000-9,000 words for the whole manuscript and the
following sections/outline of the manuscript:
RESEARCH MANUSCRIPT
is a reflection of the desire of the researcher to have the inquiry that is based on realities and different
viewpoints of individuals (Polit & Beck, 2011).
CHARACTERISTICS
OF A QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
A high-quality qualitative study, just like any
other study, should have a clear and justified
research question that implies that the study is
timely, original, rigorous and relevant.
OVERVIEW
OF A
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
RESEARCH DESIGN
IN QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
RESEARCH DESIGNS
are types of inquiry within qualitative, quantitative, and
mixed methods approaches that provide specific
direction for procedures in a research design. Others
have called them strategies of inquiry.
(Denzin & Lincoln, 2011).

HISTORICAL RESEARCH
is the systematic study of past events.
This examines the documents of the past to help the researcher understand and connect
it in the present time. It can involve examining written records, artefacts, oral histories,
and other sources.
The goal of historical research is to produce a historically accurate

account of what happened. FOUR types are: D ocumentary research,
Oral history, Archaeological research,and Biographical.
CASE STUDY
Is an in-depth analysis of a single entity or a small group. Case
study is often used in the disciplines of sociology, nursing and
psychology.
In this type of study, the researcher seeks to understand

and answer the question why such situation occurred.
ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
This type of qualitative study is a systematic process that i nvolves observing and
exploring, documenting and analyzing the ways and cultural beliefs of a group of
people most especially the indigenous or minority group.
The researcher s tudies the shared patterns of behaviors, language,

and actions of an intact cultural group in a natural setting over a
prolonged period of time.
PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Is a systematic study of the lived experiences of individuals. The main objective
of this type of study understands these experiences what makes it meaningful. It
is a study on how an individual or a group of people experience a phenomenon.
Example is the lived experience of a family

member caring for a cancer patient.
NARRATIVE ANALYSIS
This type of study focuses on a specific story as the subject matter of
inquiry. This is to determine how the individuals make sense of a particular
event in their lives.
The broad premise of a narrative study is on how individuals

make sense of their world by being able to communicate
through constructing, reconstructing and narrating stories.
GROUNDED THEORY
Is a systematic collection of data through observation and interview to
generate a comprehensive explanation of a phenomenon grounded in
reality.
Grounded theory seeks to understand the actions by

discovering first the main problem and then the
person's behavior on resolving a problem.
ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ADVANTAGES
An in depth and detailed evaluation of the issues and topics studied.
The framework of the study can be revised when information and findings have been collected.
The data gathered in this type of research is dependenton the experiences of human which is
stronger than the gathered in quantitative studies.
The researcher knows what to expect wherein data is gathered through the effort and desire to
get an answer to their inquiry that is based on reality and experience.
DISADVANTAGES
The research quality depends on the skills of the researcher and sometimes influenced by
personal judgment and biases of the researcher.
Validity and reliability of the data is hard to determine.
Time consuming and data may sometimes be difficult to interpret.
Its open ended questions obtain a lot of data which makes it hard for the researcher to sort and
transcribe and needs longer time to analyze data.
UNIT 1:
Qualitative Reasearch and Its
Importance on Daily Life

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WEEK 3

Understanding of the research process is necessary to

EMPERICAL PHASE ANALYTICAL PHASE

Researchers must arrive on a consensus regarding the

In qualitative studies, respondents are known as key informants or

In most papers, a model (or simulacrum) is being produced to summarize

Is the most valuable but often neglected by the

Research results in the form of a a well-written full research manuscript

Traditionally, research manuscripts are written in by-chapter, while others

(Denzin & Lincoln, 2011).

The goal of historical research is to produce a historically accurate

In this type of study, the researcher seeks to understand

The researcher s tudies the shared patterns of behaviors, language,

Example is the lived experience of a family

The broad premise of a narrative study is on how individuals

Grounded theory seeks to understand the actions by

Validity and reliability of the data is hard to determine.

Time consuming and data may sometimes be difficult to interpret.

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