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    Presentation 12

    Uploaded by

    minahumar07
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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2 views9 pages

    Presentation 12

    Uploaded by

    minahumar07

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    ‘

    E NG L I S H P R E S E N TAT I O N

    W E L C O M E T O O U R P R E S E N T A T I O N

    Presented by:
    Minahil , Abiha , Maham , Huma
    ENGLISH COMPOSITION AND
    COMPREHENSION

    Miss Nayab Ejaz


    ARTICLE
    • An Article is a word used to modify a noun.
    • Article are used before nouns or noun equivalents and are a type
    of adjective.
    • Article can be taken as one of the ‘determiner’ or a subclass of
    determiners which determine noun.
    • Article are “a”, “an” and “the”.
    • Example :
    1. This is a book.
    2. This is an apple.
    3. The chair is not at its place.
    DETERMINERS
    • Determiners are the words placed in front of nouns to clarify what the
    noun refers to .
    • It is used to indicate the exactness of noun.
    • Common kind of Determiners :
    1. Definite and indefinite articles (the, a)
    2. Demonstratives (this, that)
    3. Possessive determiners (my, their)
    4. Cardinal numerals (one, two)
    5. Quantifiers (many, both)
    6. Distributive determiners (each, every)
    7. Interrogative determiners (which, what)
    NOUN
    • Noun is a name given to any person , place or thing.
    • Example :
    1. Minah is a bad girl .
    2. Where is my chair ?
    3. Lahore is the heart of Pakistan .
    • Noun are divided into certain types :
    1. Common noun and proper noun
    2. Collective noun
    3. Abstract noun
    4. Countable and Uncountable noun
    5. Concrete and material noun
    TYPES OF ARTICLE

    Indefinite
    article (the)
    Definite article
    Zero Article
    ( a , an)

    Article
    INDEFINITE ARTICLE
    • ‘A’ and ‘An’ are called indefinite article.
    • ‘A’ is used for general noun that begins with a consonant sound (a
    car , a truck , a chair)
    • ‘An’ is used for general noun begins with vowel ( a , e , i , o , u )
    sound ( an apple , an umbrella , an egg ).
    • An indefinite article is refers to a noun without specifying it or refers
    to a noun to introduce it for the first time.
    • For example : The sentence ’I saw a dog at the park’ uses the
    indefinite article “A”.
    DEFINITE ARTICLE
    • ‘The’ is called definite article.
    • ‘The’ is used for specific nouns ( the chair , the teacher ,the pen ).
    • The signals that the noun is definite, that it refers to a particular
    member of a group.
    • For example: "The dog that bit me ran away." Here, we're talking
    about a specific dog, the dog that bit me.
    • The is used to describe a specific noun, whereas a/an is used to
    describe a more general noun. The definite article, the, is used before
    both singular and plural nouns when the noun is specific .
    ZERO ARTICLE
    • Sometimes noun requires no article at all. This is called the “Zero
    Article”.
    • This is also called “Zero determiners”.
    • For example :
    1. Cars can be dangerous.
    2. Do you speak French ?
    • Rule for zero article :
     Often written as 'Ø' when providing explanations (but
    never written out in actual writing), the zero article
    simply means that no article is necessary before the
    noun phrase it introduces.

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