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    Anti Parkinsonian Agents

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    nepwork1121

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Anti Parkinsonian Agents

    Uploaded by

    nepwork1121
    10 views10 pages

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    10 views10 pages

    Anti Parkinsonian Agents

    Uploaded by

    nepwork1121

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Anti-parkinsonian

    Agents
    Contents:
     Introduction

     Types

     Mechanism of action

     Dosage and Side effects

     Nursing Management
    Introduction
    Anti-Parkinson agents are used to treat
    Parkinson’s disease and used to treat
    extrapiramidal symptoms except for tardive
    dyskinesia due to the use of neuroleptics or
    antipsychotic medication.

    In short, antiparkinson's are used to treat


    Parkinsonian in various cases and drug-induced
    extrapiramidal reactions.
    Types

    In clinical practice, anticholinergic • Anticholinergic drugs: E.g.


    drugs, amantadine and antihistamines Benztropine mesylate,
    have their primary use as treatments Trihexyphenidyl, benzhexol,
    biperiden, diphenhydramine.
    for medication disorders, induced
    particular movement neuroleptic- • Dopaminergics: E.g.
    induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia carbidopa/levodopa,
    apomorphine, Bromocriptine,
    and medication-induced tremor.
    Amantadine.
    • Trihexyphenidyl: ( Artane,
    Trihexane, trihexy, Pacitane)
    Mechanism of Action:
    It acts by increasing the release of dopamine from presynaptic vesicles,
    blocking the uptake of dopamine into presynaptic nerve terminals or
    by exerting an agonist effect on postsynaptic dopamine receptors.
    Trihexyphenidyl reaches peak plasma concentration in 2-3 hours after
    oral administration and has a duration of action of up to 12 hours.
    Anticholinergics probably prolong the action of dopamine by blocking
    its reuptake into presynaptic neurons and by suppressing central
    cholinergic activity.
    Dopaminergics act in the brain by increasing dopamine availability,
    thus improving motor functions.
    Amantadine is thought to increase dopamine release in the substantia
    nigra.
    Dosage:
    • 12mg/day orally
    • Maximum dose up to 15mg/day

    Dizziness
    Side effects: Tachycardia
    Dizziness, nervousness, drowsiness, weakness,
    headache, confusion, blurred vision, mydriasis,
    tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, dry
    mouth, nausea, constipation, vomiting,
    urinary retention and decreased sweating.

    Nausea
    Nursing management
    Obtain liver function studies, platelets count and
    prothrombin time before starting drug and every month
    Obtain liver function studies, platelets count and thereafter.
    This is especially important during the first 6 months of
    therapy
    Assess seizure activities including type, location, duration
    and character.
     Drugs should be given with food or milk to reduce GI side
    effects.
    Teach patients to avoid driving or to use hazardous
    machinery works.
    Teach patient to carry medicine, alert ID stating patient's
    name, drugs taken,
    Nursing management

    Teach the patient not to stop medication


    abruptly without medical advice.
    Observe for decrease tremore, salivation,
    and drooling.
    Advise patient to limit intake of alcohol
    and increase protein-containing food.
    Advise patient not to get up quickly from
    a lying down position to sitting because of
    orthostatic hypotension.
    Observation of Salivation and Drooling
    Nursing management

    • Advise the patient to get his routine


    eye checkup for early detection of
    blurred vision. Advise patient that
    excessive mouth dryness can be Routine Eye Checkup
    minimized by maintaining an adequate
    fluid intake and using sugarless
    chewing gum and hard candy.

    Sugarless Chewing Gum


    Fluid Intake

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