Chapter No:01

Pakistan’s Ideology
Learning Objectives
♣ What Is Ideology?
♣ What Is Pakistan’s Ideology?
♣ Aims And Objects Of The Establishment Of Pakistan.
♣ Two-nation Theory.
♣ Pakistan Ideology And Allama Muhammad Iqbal.
♣ Quaid-e-Azam’s Role In The Development Of Tow
Nation Theory/Ideology Of Pakistan.
Why Pakistan Studies is a
Compulsory Subject
This subject is introduce compulsory in the
time of Z.A Bhutto in 1970
The main purpose to introduce Pakistan studies
is compulsory is deep study of Pakistan means
teaching and research about Pakistan
To aware peoples of Pakistan about ideology
Pakistan
The aim to increase the worship, faith and
unity with country
Definition of Pakistan Studies
Pakistan studies is an integrated and systematic
area of study that provides depth information
about Pakistan.
Based on various Social Sciences ..
1. History (Origin and Evolution)
2. Geography (Region and Environment of Pakistan)
3. Economics (Economy and Economic
Development)
4. Political Science/IR (Internal & External
Politics Relations)
5. Sociology (Culture, Society and Social Change)
What Is an Ideology
The French Philosophers used the word ideologies
during French Revolution and defined it as the
“Science of Ideas.”
Word Ideology is taken from Greek words
Idea + Logy = Science of Ideas or Science of
Thoughts.
It means the study of the origins, evolution and nature
of ideas.
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Ideology is often understood as way of thinking about
the cultural and social programme of a political
movement launched to release a hidden group from
the development of a more leading social class
An ideology offers an understanding of the past, and
an explanation of the present and a vision of the
future.
Kinds of Ideology
1. Religious Ideology. A religious ideology can
be defined as a set of ideas that refer to
religious and secular tools and processes in a
continuous and systematic way.
2. Economics Ideology. Economic ideologies
are defined as moral positions - how
economies should be structured, as compared
to economic theories - systems of plans
relating to how economies work.
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Political Ideology. A political ideology is a
certain set of ethical ideals, principles, set of
guidelines, institution, class or large group
that explains how society should work and
offers some political and cultural proposal for
a certain social order.
How Ideology Emerges?
Ideologies often reflect the way of thinking of a
nation or a social group who has been rejected a social
position which otherwise would have been its due
place in the society.
Ideology come out when people feel strongly that they
are being mistreated under an existing order, when
their status is threatened by fundamental changes
happening in the society, and when the current
ideology no longer satisfies them.
Importance Of Ideology
♣ Ideology is a motivating force for a nation.
♣ It brings people closer to each other on a common
platform.
♣ Ideologies push their supporter to follow a joint line
of action for the accomplishment of their goal.
♣ Ideologies give shape to the revolutions and give birth
to new cultures and civilization.
Pakistan’s Ideology
Pakistan’s Ideology is depends upon Islam
and Islamic principles.
 Islam is guide us in every field of life
1. Social field
2. Ethics field
3. Political field
4. Religion
5. Economic
 It is complete code of life because its
depend upon (Quraan and Sunnah)
Basis of Pakistan Ideology
 Islam is based on Oneness of Allah and others
are based on various Idols.
The Ideology of Pakistan is based on the Islamic
philosophy of life.
Beliefs, worships, rule of law, equality, justice and
fairness are the elements of the ideology of
Pakistan.
These Elements are discussed below:-
1. Beliefs: Beliefs include, Tauheed
(Monotheism), Risalat (Prophethood), Akhirat
(Hereafter), Angels and belief in Holy Books. This
set of beliefs is called Faith. (Surah Baqqrah
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2. Pillars of Islam: Belief in Tauheed and
Risalat (Prophethood) is the first pillar of
Islam. The second pillar is Namaz (Prayer).
The third pillar of Islam is Zakat. Fourth pillar
of Islam is Saum (Fasting). Hajj is the Fifth
pillar of Islam, which is obligatory far a man of
means. (Reff. Surah Nissa, verse no: 103).
3. Rule of Law: The rule of Law is an important
asset of the Islamic system. It is based on the
idea that Almighty Allah is the source of Law.
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4. Equality and Brotherhood: They are of
special importance in Islamic Society. When the
Islamic government was established in Madina,
brotherhood and equality were ideal. ( Suna-e-
Tirmizi Hadith no: 2747). ( Masnad Ahmed
Hadith no: 22391). (Surah Hujjrat verse no:
13).
5. Justice and Equity: No society can develop
without justice and equity, therefore, justice
and equity demands that everyone in the
society gets his due share. (Sahe Bukhari
Hadith no: 6787)
Aims And Objects Of The
Establishment Of Pakistan
1. Enforcement of the power of Allah Almighty: The
prime objective of the demand for Pakistan was the
establishment of a state where Almighty Allah’s
supremacy can be compulsory.
⁕And where a government based on the Islamic
principles could be instituted.
⁕The Quaide-e-Azam said “We did not demand
Pakistan to acquire a piece of land, but we wanted a
homeland where we could introduce Islamic
principles”.
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2. Establishment of Islamic democracy: In Islamic
democratic system
everyone is equal and no one enjoys a confidential
position on the basis of his social status, or faith.
The Khalifa, the Naib of Allah on earth, strictly follows
the principles of Islam and Sunnah in the administration
of the state affairs.
The main objectives of the Freedom Movement was that
the Muslims of the sub-continent wanted a country where
the ideal system of Islamic democracy could be installed.
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3. Revival of Muslim image and identity: In the
United India the Hindus had adopted a harmful
attitude which blocked all channels to success and
progress for the Muslims.
The demand for Pakistan was aimed at protecting the
Muslims from Hindus domination and suppression.
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4. One of the great objectives of the Pakistan
movement was the protection of Muslim culture and
to save it from Hindu domination.
The Muslims wanted to give stability to their
nationhood which was not possible in the United India
under the Hindu domination.
The Muslims therefore, decided to separate
themselves from the Hindus in order to protect their
cultural values.
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5. Two-Nation Theory: The entire freedom movement
revolved around Two-Nation Theory, which became
the basis for Pakistan.
It meant that the Muslims were a separate nation with
their different culture, civilization, literature, history
religion and social values.
The establishment of Pakistan further strengthened
the Two-Nation concept which meant that Pakistan
would be a country where Islamic principles would be
followed.
Sir Sayed’s efforts and Two-Nation Theory,
release from the harmful Hindu Majority.
 In the sub-continent, Two-Nation Theory began with the arrival
of the Muslims and the take-over of Sindh by Muhammad bin
Qasim in 712.
 Some Arabs also came along with Muhammad bin Qasim for
preaching of Islam and they settled permanently in Sindh and
Multan.
 Muhammad bin Qasim’s kindness, tolerance and justice
impressed the locals so much that they considered him and idol.

Ω The Ghaznavid period.

Ω Delhi Sultanate.
Ω Mughal Empire.
Ω Last Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah Zafar and War of Independence
1857.
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Landmark Events: 1857 to the Creation of Pakistan.
British Ascendency: In the year 1857, eight
hundred year long Muslim rule over India came to
an end.
In 1858 India was given under the direct control of
the British Crown.
So, for that Sir Sayed started Aligarh Movement as
a solution of the Muslim problem in the British
education system and in making friendship with the
British rulers.
He set up a school at Muradabad in 1859.
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In 1863 he founded the Scientific Society at
Ghazipur.
In 1875, he founded the Aligarh School and
established many other educational and
research institutions and also brought out a
magazine “Tehzeeb-ul-Akhlaq”.
The school he set up in Aligarh in 1875 was
upgraded to a college in 1877 and to a
University in 1920.
His magazine, ‘The Causes of the Indian
Revolt’ was his great political service.
Ideology of Pakistan in the Light of the Sayings
of Allama Muhammad Iqbal.
Allama Muhammad Iqbal was one of those Muslim
leaders of the sub-continent, who gave the concept
of a separate homeland to the Muslims and
awakened them through his poetry.
In the beginning he was also a supporter of the
Hindu-Muslim unity, but soon the traditional and
unfair attitude of the Hindus forced him to think
that he should demand a separate state.
He was first to give the concept of a separate state
for the Muslims keeping in view the Two Nation
Theory. He clearly explained the Ideology of
Pakistan in his sayings and poetry.
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Separate Recognition of Muslims.
Condemnation of Western Democratic
Concepts.
Concept of separate Muslim State.
Recommendation of Idea of Single Nation.
Control of cultural & Regional
discrimination.
Explanation of Relation of Islam &
politics.
Ideology of Pakistan in the Light of the Sayings
of the Quaid-e-Azam M.Ali Jinnah.
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was a
staunch supporter of the two-Nation Theory
and considered Muslims a separate nation from
every aspect. In this connection he said:-
“By any definition of nationality, the Muslims
are a separate nation. They have every right to
establish their separate homeland. The
Muslims have to promote and protect their
spiritual, moral, economic, social, political and
cultural interests. For this purpose, they may
adopt any means.”
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 Foundation of Muslim Nation.
 Islam is a complete code of life.
 Elimination of differences.
 Protection of Muslim culture.
 Muslim Unity.
 National Solidarity.