Scribd
Upload
4 views

Unit - V

Uploaded by

ankushsisai99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Unit - V

Uploaded by

ankushsisai99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 43

Unit -V

Environmental Pollution
What is Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution can be defined as any


undesirable change in the physical, chemical or
biological characteristics of any component of the
environment(air, water, soil) which can cause
harmful effects on various forms of life or property.
I) Air Pollution

Air pollution is an atmospheric condition in which certain


substances (including the normal constituents in excess) are
present in concentrations which can cause undesirable effects
on man and his environment.
Major pollutants sources and effects
• Carbon Monoxide

Sources
• Volcanoes
• Transport sector
• Residential wood burning
Lead
• Sources of lead emissions vary from one area to another.
– At the national level, major sources of lead in the air are ore and
metals processing and piston-engine aircraft operating on leaded
aviation fuel.
– Other sources are waste incinerators, utilities, and lead-acid battery
manufacturers. The highest air concentrations of lead are usually
found near lead smelters.
– Volcanic activity and airborne soil are the primary natural sources of
atmospheric lead.
Lead
• Once taken into the body, lead distributes
throughout the body in the blood and is
accumulated in the bones.
• Depending on the level of exposure, lead
can adversely affect the nervous system,
kidney function, immune system,
reproductive and developmental systems
and the cardiovascular system.
• Lead exposure also affects the oxygen
carrying capacity of the blood.
Ozone
• Breathing ozone can trigger a variety of health
problems, particularly for children, the elderly,
and people of all ages who have lung diseases
such as asthma.
• Ground level ozone can also have harmful
effects on sensitive vegetation and ecosystems.
Water Pollution
• Water pollution can be defined as alteration in
physical, chemical or biological characteristics of
water making it unsuitable for designated use in its
natural state.
Effects of Water Pollution
• Decrease in dissolved oxygen.
• Addition of compounds containing nitrogen and
phosphorus.
• Pathogens: Many wastewater especially sewage
contain pathogenic and non pathogenic micro-
organisms and many viruses. Water borne diseases
like cholera, dysentery, typhoid etc are spread by
water contaminated with sewage.
• Toxic compounds: Pollutants such as heavy metals,
pesticides, cyanides and many other organic and
inorganic compounds are harmful to aquatic
Control of Water Pollution

• Judicious use of agrochemicals like pesticides and


fertilizers which will reduce their surface runoff
and leaching
• Use of nitrogen fixing plants to supplement the use
of fertilizers.
• Separate drainage of sewage and rainwater should
be provided to prevent overflow of sewage with
rainwater.
Waste Water Treatment

You might also like