Module-4 Data Types in Python

Module-4
Data Types in Python
Introduction to Data Structures: Importance of data structures

in programming, Built-in data structures in Python, List:
Creating and accessing lists, List methods (e.g., àppend`,
`remove`, `sort`), List slicing and indexing, Tuples: Creating
and accessing tuples, Use cases for tuples over lists,
Dictionaries: Introduction to key-value pairs, Creating and
accessing dictionaries, Dictionary methods (e.g., `get`, `keys`,
`values`, ìtems`), Sets: Introduction to sets and their
properties, Creating and modifying sets, Set operations (union,
intersection, difference), Strings: Strings as Data Structures,
String methods and operations, String formatting and f-strings,
Slicing and indexing strings
List
• Lists are used to store multiple items in a single variable.
• List is one of the built-in data types in Python.
• Creating and accessing lists
• my_list = [1, 2, 3]
• empty_list = []
• Lists contain regular Python objects, separated by commas and
surrounded by brackets.
• The elements in a list can have any data type and can be
mixed.
• list1 = ["Rohan", "Physics", 21, 69.75]
• list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
• list3 = ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
• list4 = [25.50, True, -55, 1+2j]
• Each item in a list has a unique position index, starting from 0.
Accessing Values in Lists
• To access values in lists, use the square brackets for slicing
along with the index or indices to obtain value available at
that index
#WAPS TO ACCESS THE ELEMENTS
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ];
print ("list1[0]: ", list1[0])
print ("list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5])
output
list1[0]: physics
list2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]
LIST-INDEX
languages = ["Python", "Swift", "C++"]
# access item at index 0

print(languages[0]) # Python

print(languages[2]) # C++
Negative Indexing in Python
• Python allows negative indexing for its sequences. The index of -

1 refers to the last item, -2 to the second last item and so
on.
languages = ["Python", "Swift", "C++"]

print(languages[-1]) # C++

print(languages[-3]) # Python
List methods (e.g., àppend`, `remove`, `sort`),
• Add Elements to a List
• Lists are mutable (changeable). Meaning we can add and
remove elements from a list.
• 1. Using append()
• The append() method adds an item at the end of the list. For
example,
numbers = [21, 34, 54, 12]
print("Before Append:", numbers)
# using append method

numbers.append(32)
print("After Append:", numbers)

Remove an Item From a List
• 1. Using del Statement
In Python we can use the del statement to remove one or
more items from a list. For example,
languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++', 'C', 'Java', 'Rust', 'R']
# deleting the second item

del languages[1]
print(languages) # ['Python', 'C++', 'C', 'Java', 'Rust', 'R']
# deleting the last item

del languages[-1]
print(languages) # ['Python', 'C++', 'C', 'Java', 'Rust']
# delete the first two items

del languages[0 : 2] # ['C', 'Java', 'Rust']
print(languages)
Remove an Item From a List
• 2. Using remove()
• We can also use the remove() method to delete a list
item. For example,
languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++', 'C', 'Java',

'Rust', 'R']
# remove 'Python' from the list

languages.remove('Python')
print(languages) # ['Swift', 'C++', 'C', 'Java',

'Rust', 'R']
Python List sort()
• The sort() method sorts the items of a list in ascending or
descending order.
#WAPS TO SORT THE LIST IN ASCENDING

ORDER
prime_numbers = [11, 3, 7, 5, 2]
# sorting the list in ascending order
prime_numbers.sort()
print(prime_numbers)
# Output: [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]

Sort in Descending order
• The sort() method accepts a reverse parameter as an
optional argument.
• Setting reverse = True sorts the list in the descending
order
• list.sort(reverse=True)
# WAPS Sort the list in Descending order
# vowels list
vowels = ['e', 'a', 'u', 'o', 'i']
# sort the vowels Output

vowels.sort(reverse=True)
Sorted list (in Descending): ['u', 'o',
# print vowels 'i', 'e', 'a']
print('Sorted list (in Descending):', vowels)
List slicing and indexing
• Sometimes you need to get parts of a list.
• Python has a powerful syntax to do so, called slicing,
and it makes working with lists much easier than other
programming languages.
• Slicing works on Python lists and all other sequence
types, like strings, tuples, and ranges.
• The slicing syntax is as follows:
• my_list[start:stop:step]
>>> my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
>>> my_list[0:3] # get the first three elements of a
list
[1, 2, 3]
>>> my_list[:3] # start is 0 by default
[1, 2, 3]
>>> my_list[4:] # skip the first 4 elements
[5, 6, 7, 8]
The step value
The step value in a slice is one by default.
If you increase the step size, you can step over elements. E.g., a step size
of two means on each step, one element is skipped over. Let’s try
this:
>>> my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
>>> my_list[::2] # skip one each time
[1, 3, 5, 7]
Tuples:

Module-4 Data Types in Python

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Module-4 Data Types in Python

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Module-4

Data Types in Python

Introduction to Data Structures: Importance of data structures

# access item at index 0

# access item at index 2

• Python allows negative indexing for its sequences. The index of -

languages = ["Python", "Swift", "C++"]

# access item at index 0

# access item at index 2

# using append method

print("After Append:", numbers)

# deleting the second item

# deleting the last item

# delete the first two items

languages = ['Python', 'Swift', 'C++', 'C', 'Java',

# remove 'Python' from the list

print(languages) # ['Swift', 'C++', 'C', 'Java',

#WAPS TO SORT THE LIST IN ASCENDING

# Output: [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]

# sort the vowels Output

The step value in a slice is one by default.

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