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Cholesterol

describes about the cholestrol

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kashifscorpio539
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10 views

Cholesterol

describes about the cholestrol

Uploaded by

kashifscorpio539
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

CHOLESTEROL

Ms. Falak SAJJAD


INTRODUCTION
 Cholesterol is a waxy, hydrophobic and fat-like substance found in all the
cells in your body, and it is essential for
1. building healthy cells
2. producing hormones
3. vitamin D
4. substances that help you digest foods
 . There are two types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), sometimes
called "bad" cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), sometimes
called "good" cholesterol
 High levels of LDL cholesterol can increase your risk of heart disease, while
high levels of HDL cholesterol can lower your risk
 There are two main types of cholesterol:
 Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL): Often referred to as "bad" cholesterol,
LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells. If too much LDL
cholesterol circulates in the blood, it can build up on the walls of arteries,
forming plaque that can restrict blood flow.
 High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL): Known as "good" cholesterol, HDL
helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, transporting it to the
liver for excretion. High levels of HDL can lower the risk of heart disease.

“75% of body cholesterol is made up by your liver


the rest of the 30% you get from your diet”
CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
 Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) of blood. Ideal
cholesterol levels are generally considered to be:
 Total Cholesterol: Less than 200 mg/dL
 LDL Cholesterol: Less than 100 mg/dL if you have heart problem the level should
below 70mg/dl
 HDL Cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher below 40% is very considering the risk
factor for heart diseases.
TRIGLYCERIDES
Are type of fats found in blood
Normal level is150mg/dl
Level higher than this will raise your risk of heart diseases and metabolic syndrome
Obesity and diabetes
FACTORS THAT CAN
CONTRIBUTE TO HIGH
CHOLESTEROL LEVELS
 Diet: Consuming a diet high in saturated and trans fats can raise
cholesterol levels.
 Genetics: Some people have a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol
levels.
 Physical Activity: Lack of exercise can contribute to higher cholesterol
levels.
 Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase LDL cholesterol and
lower HDL cholesterol.
 Age and Gender: Cholesterol levels tend to rise with age, and men may
have higher cholesterol levels than premenopausal women.
 Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, and
kidney disease can affect cholesterol levels.
 High cholesterol levels can lead to atherosclerosis, a condition
characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries,
increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. Lifestyle
modifications, including a healthy diet, regular exercise, and
not smoking, can help manage cholesterol levels. In some
cases, medication may be prescribed to lower cholesterol
levels.
 It's important for individuals to have their cholesterol levels
checked regularly, especially if they have risk factors for heart
disease. A healthcare professional can provide personalized
advice based on an individual's health status and risk factors
Statins, also known as
HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitors, are a class of
lipid-lowering
medications that reduce
illness and mortality in
those who are at high risk
of cardiovascular disease.
They are the most
commonly prescribed
cholesterol-lowering
drugs

Human growth hormone


plays many roles in the
body, and having a
deficiency of it can lead
to a high total cholesterol
and a higher LDL
cholesterol level
 Cholesterol together with other lipids transported in to the blood plasma
within large particles known as lipoprotein.
A lipoprotein is an assembly of lipids and protein
Lipoprotein classified on the basis of their density

Lipids are lighter then protein, particles that contain more lipids are larger in
size but lower in density.
Different types of lipoproteins have different sets of proteins on their
surface.
 These proteins act as address tag determine the destination and the
function of lipoprotein.
 LDL carries cholesterol from liver to the other tissues of the body
 While HDL returns excess cholesterol from the different tissues towards the
liver
Cholesterol metabolism includes
Dietary cholesterol absorbs in intestine and carried via blood circulation
towards the liver.
The liver packages its cholesterol pool a combination of endogenous and
dietary together with triglycerides (another type of lipid) into particles of
VLDL
VLDL travels in bloodstream towards different organs
 During circulation muscles and adipose tissues extracts triglycerides from
VLDL, turning it into LDL

 Cells taken up the LDL by endocytosis


 Excess cholesterol is exported from the cells and delivered to HDL liver use
this cholesterol to produce bile juice which is excreted into the intestine
 Cholesterol screening is done with the help of blood test.
 HDL, LDL and triglycerides, VLDL (very low density lipoproteins)
 A total of 200 or lower is considered optimal
GENETIC HISTORY AND
GENDER DIFFERENCE
CHOLESTEROL AND
CHILDREN

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