Mapo Tofu

Mapo tofu is a popular Sichuan dish that highlights the deliciously spicy and numbing flavors of Sichuan peppercorns with tofu and ground pork. It’s quick and easy for a weeknight.

By
Frank Tiu
Frank Tiu
Frank Tiu
Frank joined the food world as a full-time food video producer at BuzzFeed Tasty NY and is currently a contributor to Simply Recipes.
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Published March 22, 2023
Frank Tiu
Mapo Tofu in a Pan at a Table Setting With an Empty White Plate, a Soup Spoon on a Napkin, and a Bowl of Rice, All on a Grey Kitchen Towel

Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu

Mapo tofu is a traditional Sichuan dish that blends the unique, numbing flavor of Sichuan peppercorns with silken tofu and savory ground pork. The dish is known for its intense spiciness, but the numbing sensation makes you want more. Sichuan pepper's unique spice and floral notes set it apart from other types of spicy flavors. If you prefer less heat, you can adjust the seasoning to your taste. 

This dish is both saucy and delicious, especially when served over rice to balance the spice and saltiness. It is also one of the few Chinese dishes that is commonly served with a spoon to scoop up the delicious sauce.

Plate of Mapo Tofu Served Over Rice at a Table Setting With a Spoon on a Napkin and a Bowl of Rice

Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu

What Is Mapo Tofu?

Mapo tofu is a traditional Sichuan dish of silken tofu, ground pork, Sichuan peppercorns, and a few other seasonings. It has a spicy and savory flavor with a tender texture thanks to the tofu and bits of chewiness and crunch thanks to the pork and chile. 

The dish is said to have been named after the elderly woman with pockmarks who originally developed the recipe. “Ma” refers to pockmarks and “po” to grandma.

Where to Find Sichuan Peppercorns

Sichuan peppercorns, available in Asian supermarkets and chains like Whole Foods, are best purchased as split dried red berries. These retain more flavor and aroma than ground Sichuan peppercorns. To make the most of their flavor and prolong their shelf life, grind the peppercorns with a mortar and pestle or spice grinder in small batches.

Sichuan peppercorns are not true peppercorns, but the dried fruit of a species of prickly ash tree.

Mapo Tofu in a Pasta Bowl

Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu

How to Adjust the Spice Level

This recipe for mapo tofu utilizes three sources of heat: Sichuan peppercorn, Pixian chili bean paste, and chili crisp. Each ingredient offers a different level of heat intensity. 

The Pixian chili bean paste provides the majority of the heat and sodium, so you can adjust the amount to suit your taste and add salt as needed to maintain flavor balance. Sichuan peppercorns offer both spiciness and numbing sensations, so adjust the amount to your liking. 

The chili crisp adds color, texture, and flavor, including a light spiciness. I recommend using the called-for amount since it doesn’t greatly affect the spice level.

What Kind of Tofu to Use

Silken tofu is the creamiest, softest variety of tofu. Although this recipe calls for silken tofu for its smooth and silky texture that blends seamlessly with the saucy texture, soft tofu will work as well. Avoid firm or extra firm tofu.

Mapo Tofu in a Pan With a Serving Spoon Next to a Bowl of Rice and a Soup Spoon on a Napkin, All on a Yellow Kitchen Towel

Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu

More Sichuan Spice

Mapo Tofu

Prep Time 5 mins
Cook Time 20 mins
Total Time 25 mins
Servings 4 servings

You’ll find Pixian chili bean paste (or Pixian doubanjiang) at Asian or Chinese markets and online. It is used in authentic mapo tofu and other Sichuan dishes. If you can’t find it, you can use a different Chinese chili bean paste.

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Ingredients

  • 3/4 pound ground pork

  • 1 tablespoon minced fresh ginger

  • 1 tablespoon minced garlic

  • 2 teaspoons freshly ground Sichuan peppercorns

  • 1 tablespoon Pixian chili bean paste (doubanjiang)

  • 2 tablespoons chili crisp (to taste)

  • 1/2 cup low-sodium chicken stock

  • 1 pound silken tofu, drained and cubed

  • 2 teaspoons cornstarch

  • 2 teaspoons water, to dissolve cornstarch

  • 1 green onion, sliced, for garnish

Method

  1. Brown the ground pork:

    Add the ground pork to a wok or a large skillet and place over high heat. Toss occasionally until the ground pork is browned and the excess fat has rendered out, about 4 minutes.

    Ground Pork Stirred Using a Slotted Spatula in a Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel for Mapo Tofu Recipe

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
  2. Add the aromatics:

    Add the ginger, garlic, and Sichuan peppercorns. Toss until aromatic, about 30 seconds.

    Aromatics Added to Ground Pork in a Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel for Sichuan Mapo Tofu Recipe

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
  3. Add the spice:

    Add the chili bean paste and chili crisp. Toss until combined, about 30 seconds.

    Chili Bean Paste and Chili Crisp Added to Ground Pork in a Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel for Sichuan Mapo Tofu Recipe

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
  4. Add the broth and tofu:

    Add the chicken broth and tofu to the wok. Gently fold the tofu in from the sides towards the center, combining it with the spicy broth.

    Tofu Cubes and Broth Added to Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel for Sichuan Tofu Recipe

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
  5. Make the cornstarch slurry:

    Add the cornstarch and water to a small bowl and mix to combine. Add the cornstarch slurry to the pan and lightly mix (to avoid breaking up the tofu too much) until combined.

    Mapo Tofu Ingredients Stirred Together Using a Slotted Spatula After Cornstarch Slurry Was Added to the Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
  6. Simmer and serve:

    Cover and simmer over medium-low heat until the tofu starts to take on some color and the sauce thickens, about 10 minutes. Garnish with scallions and serve.

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    Mapo Tofu Simmering on the Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel After Cornstarch Slurry Was Added

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
    Mapo Tofu in a Pan on a Portable Burner Next to a White Kitchen Towel

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
    Mapo Tofu in a Pan With a Serving Spoon, and in the Background, a Bowl of Rice, All on a Grey Kitchen Towel

    Simply Recipes / Frank Tiu
Nutrition Facts (per serving)
404 Calories
25g Fat
12g Carbs
32g Protein
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Nutrition Facts
Servings: 4
Amount per serving
Calories 404
% Daily Value*
Total Fat 25g 33%
Saturated Fat 8g 38%
Cholesterol 82mg 27%
Sodium 383mg 17%
Total Carbohydrate 12g 4%
Dietary Fiber 2g 6%
Total Sugars 3g
Protein 32g
Vitamin C 5mg 24%
Calcium 173mg 13%
Iron 3mg 18%
Potassium 734mg 16%
*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.
Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are given, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional ingredients are not included.