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Nuclear Physics

Nuclear Physics. Bohr Model . Ernst Rutherford: Gold Foil Experiment=Discovery of the nucleus (+)

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Nuclear Physics

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  1. Nuclear Physics

  2. Bohr Model • Ernst Rutherford: Gold Foil Experiment=Discovery of the nucleus (+) • It was quite the most incredible event that has ever happened to me in my life. It was almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you. On consideration, I realized that this scattering backward must be the result of a single collision, and when I made calculations I saw that it was impossible to get anything of that order of magnitude unless you took a system in which the greater part of the mass of the atom was concentrated in a minute nucleus. It was then that I had the idea of an atom with a minute massive center, carrying a charge.[2] • —Ernest Rutherford

  3. The Atom • Protons= 1800 times as big as electrons • Electron CloudEmpty Space • Atomic #=Protons • Atomic Mass: A • P and/or N mass= 1 u= 1/12 mass of C • 1u=1.67 e-27 kg • Actual Mass: A x u • Isotope=different masses=Same P/Differ N • Nuclide= nucleus of isotope • Strong Nuclear Force=Keeps nucleons together • Electromagnetic Force= Keeps Nucleus and E together

  4. Nuclear • If the atomic mass is changed so is the binding energy • Einstein’s mass energy equivalent: E=mc2 • 1-56 become more stable • 57-92 become less stable • 56= Fe-Sun’s natural nuclear reaction to increase size • 57 & up=Natural nuclear reaction decreases

  5. Alpha: He +2 Paper • Beta: Electron -1 Aluminum • Gamma: Energy 0 Lead • Half Life- the time it takes for ½ the substance to decay

  6. Nuclear Fission • An incident neutron bombards unstable nuclei until critical mass is reached until it splits

  7. Nuclear Fusion • Isotope of Hydrogen combines with others to form Helium

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