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Stars

Stars. Stars – Star - A self luminous ball of gas held together by its own gravity undergoing fusion. They have life spans. Which stars last longer, larger or smaller stars?

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Stars

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  1. Stars • Stars – Star - A self luminous ball of gas held together by its own gravity undergoing fusion. They have life spans. Which stars last longer, larger or smaller stars? Larger stars burn out faster than smaller stars because they use so much energy (similar to a larger car burning through gas)

  2. Planetariums' • What shape are Planetariums? • Planetariums are dome shaped. • Why? Planetariums are dome shaped because when you look up in the night sky it looks as though we are in a dome. This is why the ancients believed we lived inside a giant sphere with fixed points of lights called stars on them that moved as the sphere moved.

  3. Celestial Sphere • Celestial Sphere – • Celestial Sphere: • Apparent sphere • of stars around the Earth. • The ancients believed • The whole sphere spun • Around the Earth moving • The stars at night.

  4. Celestial Dome • Celestial Dome – • The Celestial Dome is the apparent dome of stars we see above us at night.

  5. Celestial Dome • Zenith – • Zenith is the highest • Point overhead. • Azimuth – • Azimuth is the degree Around the horizon (0-360). North = 0 (celestial meridian) Turn clockwise (East = 90)

  6. Celestial Dome Horizon – Horizon is the place Where the land meets the sky Altitude – Altitude is how high an Object is above the horizon. To state where a star is: Give Altitude & Azimuth

  7. Stellar Motion • Do stars stay still at night? • Stars appear to rise and • Set just as our sun. • What direction do stars • Move? • Rise – East • Set – West

  8. Center of the night sky • Which star do we rotate • under and does not move? • We rotate under Polaris • (The North Star) • All stars seem to rotate • around Polaris. • Star trails are evidence of • Earths Rotation.

  9. Constellations • Constellations – • Constellations are a • Grouping of stars, • That appear to make images. • Stars may be light years apart. • 88 Major Constellations. • Used for: • Direction, Mapping the sky, • Calendars.

  10. Seasonal Constellations • Do we see the same stars all year? • Revolving around the sun shows different stars in the summer and winter. Stars directly above us will remain through out the year.

  11. Nightly Motion • Are Stars in the same place each night? • Due to revolution stars appear to move 1 degree west per night (360/365) until they are back to their original position 1 year later. (move west because we revolve counter clockwise)

  12. Zodiacs • Zodiac – • Zodiacs are constellations • That appear to follow the • Path of the sun for that • Month.

  13. Evidence of Revolution • Evidence of Revolution: • -Different stars appear through out the year.

  14. Evidence of Rotation • Evidence of Earths Rotation – • 1) Stars and the Sun appear to Rise and Set.

  15. Earths Rotation • 2) Focoult Pendulum. • A free flowing pendulum • Will appear to move • In a circle. • (Earth actually • Spins under it)

  16. Earths rotation • Does everywhere rotate At the same speed? • Since the Earth is much • Wider at the equator • It has to move further • In the same amount of time. • Equator – fastest speed. • Poles – Slowest speed.

  17. Earths rotation. • 3) Coriolis effect – Deflection of objects right or left due to rotation speed differences at different latitudes.

  18. How do we find Polaris • How can we find Polaris? • 1) Face North, look up the same altitude as your latitude.

  19. How to find Polaris 2) Use the Pointer stars at the end of the Big Dipper to find the direction of Polaris. Polaris is about 4 – 5 x’s the distance of the 2 stars. 3) Polaris is the tail star of the little dipper.

  20. Luminosity – How much energy a star gives off (brightness). Bigger stars are more luminous. Temperature – Blue = Hotter (Propane) Red /yellow = Cooler (Fire) .

  21. Star Life – • Stars move from: • Nebula – Star Nursery (Gas area that creates a star) • 1) Main sequence (early stage) • 2) Giants when they are dying • 3) To Dwarfs at the end. Nova (Super Nova) – An explosion of a Massive star. • Super Massive stars may explode and create black holes.

  22. Constellation Conclusion (R) • How to use a Star Chart. • Ways to find Polaris? • What are Constellations? • Why we have them (uses)? • Which Constellation moves the least? • Celestial Dome? • Draw dome (label and explain Zenith, Azimuth)

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