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United States . ED 417-01 CRISTA BANBURY WENDY BUDDO MELISSA CRAFT. United States. Grade : 3 UNIT: Underground railroad. Objectives . Students will. . . Track an underground railroad route Write a secret song Take a field trip Create a classroom quilt
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United States ED 417-01 CRISTA BANBURY WENDY BUDDO MELISSA CRAFT
United States Grade : 3 UNIT: Underground railroad
Objectives • Students will. . . • Track an underground railroad route • Write a secret song • Take a field trip • Create a classroom quilt • Predict and assess predictions of Harriet Tubman book by: Chatherine Nichols
Materials • Harriet Tubman book • Paper • Pencil • Crayons • Markers • Classroom wall map of United States • Felt • Glue
Websites • Springboro Historical Society http://www.shakerwssg.org/olde_springboro_village_ohio.htm • National Geographic http://www.nationalgeographic.com/railroad/j1.html • Cincinnati Freedom Center http://www.undergroundrailroad.org • PBS http://www.pbs.org • History of the Drinking Gourd http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/tubman/gourd1.html
Children’s Books • Almost To Freedom • By: Vaunda Micheaux Nelson • Who Was Harriet Tubman • By: Yona Zeldis McDonough • Harriet Tubman • By: Catherine Nochols • 27 Stations to “Libertyville” • By: Don Ross • Scions, Sages, Saints and Soldiers: Significant Pioneers in Springboro • By: Don Ross
Children’s Books • A Taste of History Cookbook • By: Springboro Area Historical Society • Walking the Road to Freedom • By: Jeri Feris • Learning About Bravery from the Life of Harriet Tubman • By: Kiki Mosher • Minty • By: Alan Schroeder • The Underground Railroad : Journey to Freedom • By: Carla Williams
Underground RailroadWhat is it? • The underground railroad was a network of people who helped slaves escape to the North and Canada. • It was ran by many individuals, both white and black. • Hundreds of slaves escaped each year.
Underground Railroad Timeline • 1500s- People from Africa were brought to North America as slaves. • 1700s- slaves were described as property in many states (predominately southern states) • 1776- Declaration of Independence signed. • Early 1800s- importing of slaves banned. However, smuggling still occurs.
Communication • STARS & SONGS • The north star was a guide to the north, as well as a freedom symbol • The “drinking gourd” was used by slaves as a code for the Big Dipper. The Big Dipper’s bowl pointed to the Little Dipper which contained the North star. • Drum beats were also used to communicate until the slave owners had the drums outlawed.
Communication • QUILTS • Quilts were used to indicate locations of safe houses, show escape routes, and to convey other information vital to escape & survive. • The information on the quilts were conveyed by patterns and symbols (ex. A “monkey wrench” quilt indicated a home belonging to an individual who might be a tool in the underground railroad. • The quilts were hung on fence posts, windows, or anywhere they could be seen. • Candles and lamps were also used to show if a house was safe. The candles or lamps would be hung or place in certain windows.
Roles of Persons:Secrets of the Underground Railroad • What were the secret names for people who took part in the Underground Railroad? • Stations- homes where slaves could hide. • Conductors- people who helped guide the slaves who were escaping • Agents- people who offered clothes, food, and shelter to slaves. • Passengers- the escaping slaves.
Activity 1: Compose your own secret song! • Try composing lyrics of your own that tells a story or gives instruction. Some ideas: • Tell your friend where to meet; how to get there, what will be doing. • Tell your parents what you want for dinner, where you want to eat; and what time.
Follow the drinking gourd! Follow the drinking gourd! For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to freedom, if you follow the drinking gourd. When the sun comes back, and the first quail calls, Follow the drinking gourd. For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to freedom, if you follow the drinking gourd. (Chorus) Verse 1: The riverbank makes a very good road, The dead trees will show you the way, Left foot, peg foot, traveling on, Follow the drinking gourd. Chorus Verse 2: The river ends between two hills, Follow the drinking gourd. There’s another river on the other side. Chorus Verse 3: When the great big river meets the little river, Follow the drinking gourd. For the old man is awaiting for to carry you to freedom, If you follow the drinking gourd. Chorus The Drinking Gourd
Activity 2:Make a class freedom quilt • Each student will design a square for the class freedom quilt. The square will have something to do with the underground railroad. • After the students are done designing their square, the teacher and parent volunteers will help them make their square with fabric • Afterwards, the teacher will sew all square together to create a class freedom quilt.
Activity 3:Read Harriet Tubman BY: Catherine Nichols • Before reading: • Look at the cover and take a picture walk. The children will predict what the story is about. • During reading: • Ask questions about Harriet and “Minty”. How did they feel about being a slave. • After reading: • Check predictions with children. • Talk about the story, did the children like the story. What was their favorite part.
Activity 4:Field Trip • Take a field trip to explore the Underground Railroad hands on at the Springboro Historical Society.
In small groups, map out an Underground Railroad route on classroom wall map. Make sure there are safe houses along the route Afterwards, estimate the distance of your route. When each group is finished, the teacher will lead a discussion of the hardships fugitive slaves would experience, which season would the be optimum in fleeing. Activity 5Mapping
