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Ionic Bonding

Ionic Bonding. Electrons are transferred. Electronegativity differences are generally greater than 1.7 The formation of ionic bonds is always exothermic !. Determination of Ionic Character. Electronegativity difference is not the final determination of ionic character.

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Ionic Bonding

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  1. Ionic Bonding • Electrons are transferred • Electronegativity differences are generally greater than 1.7 • The formation of ionic bonds is always exothermic!

  2. Determination of Ionic Character Electronegativity difference is not the final determination of ionic character Compounds are ionic if they conduct electricity in their molten state

  3. Coulomb’s Law “The energy of interaction between a pair of ions is proportional to the product of their charges, divided by the distance between their centers”

  4. Table of Ion Sizes

  5. Estimate Hf for Sodium Chloride Na(s) + ½ Cl2(g)  NaCl(s) Na(s)  Na(g) + 109 kJ Na(g)  Na+(g) + e- + 495 kJ ½ Cl2(g)  Cl(g) + ½(239 kJ) Cl(g) + e- Cl-(g) - 349 kJ Na+(g) + Cl-(g)  NaCl(s) -786 kJ Na(s) + ½ Cl2(g)  NaCl(s) -412 kJ/mol

  6. Sodium Chloride Crystal Lattice Ionic compounds form solid crystalsat ordinary temperatures. Ionic compounds organize in a characteristic crystal lattice of alternating positive and negative ions. All saltsare ionic compoundsand formcrystals.

  7. Properties of Ionic Compounds

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