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Weak and Strong Acids

Weak and Strong Acids. L.O. I can state some strong and weak acids and alkalis I can describe the difference between some of their main reactions. What are acids and alkalis?. Naming acids and alkalis. Strong acids. Acids can be strong or weak . .

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Weak and Strong Acids

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  1. Weak and Strong Acids L.O. I can state some strong and weak acids and alkalis I can describe the difference between some of their main reactions

  2. What are acids and alkalis?

  3. Naming acids and alkalis

  4. Strong acids Acids can be strong or weak. Strong acids dissociate fully into solution, so that all their H+ ions are released into the mixture. + HA H+ A– Hydrochloric acid is a typical strong acid, so the dissociation reaction is complete: + HCl H+ Cl–

  5. Weak acids Weak acids do not dissociate fully, some of their H+ ions stay attached to the acid molecule. The dissociation of a weak acid in water is a reversible reaction: ⇌ + HA H+ A– Ethanoic acid is a typical weak acid, with its ions in dynamicequilibrium with the un-dissociated acid. The reaction is moving both directions at the same rate. ⇌ + CH3COOH H+ CH3COO–

  6. Strong or weak?

  7. Properties of strong and weak acids

  8. pH of strong and weak acids pH is a measure of the number of H+ ions in solution, with a lower pH meaning more H+ ions. Because strong acids dissociate fully in solution, they contain more H+ ions per molecule of acid, producing a lower pH. Compared to weak acids of the same concentration, strong acids: • have lower pH values • are better conductors of electricity • react more quickly. high H+ low H+

  9. pH or concentration?

  10. Properties of strong and weak alkalis Alkalis can be classified as strong and weak in the same way as acids. A strong alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, fully dissociates in solution. + NaOH Na+ OH– A weak alkali, such as ammonia, does not fully dissociate, and some of the OH– ions are not released into solution. ⇌ + + NH3 H2O NH4+ OH– Comparable levels of ion dissociation mean that strong and weak alkalis have similar properties to strong and weak acids.

  11. Properties of strong and weak alkalis

  12. Strong and weak acids and alkalis

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