SlideShare a Scribd company logo

Flora of North Bengal Series 1

•Download as PPTX, PDF•
•
T
Tusar Ghosal

This document provides information on various tree species found in North Bengal, India. It lists the scientific name, family, and Bengali name for each tree. Some key trees mentioned include jackfruit, flame-of-the-forest, neem, banyan, Indian lime, ramgua, tetrameles, burmese grape tree, deodar cedar, oak, mahogany, Indian redwood, Indian fir, Indian olive, rain tree, khair gum tree, small flowered crape myrtle, sal, white teak, pride of India, elephant rope tree, orange, and Darjeeling tea. For some species, additional details are provided on their uses, habitat,

1 of 25
Download to read offline
Flora of North Bengal, India Series 1 Published : 17.07.2018 Dr Tusar K. Ghosal Department of Agril. Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari-736165, West Bengal E mail: drtkghosal@gmail.com
North Bengal have had 350 or more trees. During my I have noticed a few trees in the hills, forests and plains. Jackfuit Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae কাাঁঠাল Simal Tree Bombax ceiba Malvaceae রক্তশিমূল Flame-of-the-forest Butea monosperma Fabaceae পলাি Indian Coral tree Erythrina stricta Fabaceae রক্তমান্দার/পাশরজাত Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae শিম Pride of India Melia azedarach Meliaceae ঘ াড়াশিম Fig tree Ficus carica Moraceae Dumur Bot or Banyan Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Bot Koronja or Koroch Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Koroja Indian Lime Citrus aurantiifolia Rutaceae ঘেশি ঘলবু Cluster fig tree Ficus hispida Moraceae Dumur
Ramgua/Ramtamul, Horsfieldia kingii (Hook. f.) Warb. Family : Myristicacea Bengali name : Ramgua Chilapata is a small forest between Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR) and Jaldapara National Park (JNP). Once it was the hunting ground of Koach king named Chilarai. In ancient past it was an outpost of Gupta Empire. Once upon a time, the Nal kings ruled here. It was the capital of Nal Kings. There is a ruin structure inside the Chilapata. In front of the ruined structure there are only 25 trees. It bleeds like animals. Yes it is Ramgua tree. Its fruits (raw fruits) are edible.
Tetrameles teak-tree,Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br. Family :Tetramelaceae Bengali Name : Mainakat, Maina, chundal Initially Boro Debi (Maa Durga) puja had been observed by implanting a twig of Mayna tree in the precinct of Madan Mohan Bari. King Naranarayan initiated to make an idol of ‘Baro Devi Maa’. MAYANAGURI (a small village town of North Bengal ) name is probably derived from it.
Burmese Grape Tree, Baccaurea ramiflora Lour Family : Phyllanthaceae Bengali name : Lotka It grows in evergreen forests on a wide range of soils. The fruit is harvested and used locally, eaten as a fruit, stewed or made into wine. it is also used medicinally to treat skin diseases. The bark, roots and wood are harvested for medicinal uses. It is avaiable in he Rathajatra at North Bengal.
Deodar Cedar or Devdaru, Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ) G.Don Family : Pinaceae (Pine) Bengali Name : Pine A common evergreen tree of the Himalaya. It is one of the India’s longest and most beloved tree of India
Oak tree, Quercus acutissima Family : Fagaceae Bengali Name : Oak It found in the Eastern Himalaya and stretching across to Japan, which loses its leaves each winter.
Mahogany, Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. Family : Meliaceae Bengali Name : Mehogini Swietenia mahagoni has a long history of being used to make boxes and cases for scientific instruments and other mechanisms, as well as furniture and ornamental woodwork. It is listed as "Threatened“ in the world.
Indian Redwood, Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss Family Meliaceae Bengali name : Chikrasi Its timber is very usefull in furniture industry. The plant is widely used in Ayurveda as an important medicinal plant.
Indian Fir Tree, Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Family : Annonaceae Deodaru / ঘেবোরু An evergreen tree with a straight trunk, conical crown and slender drooping branches, about 10-25 m tall. Very common both at hill and plains
Indian Olive, Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl. Family : Elaeocarpaceae Bengali Name : Jalpai / জলপাই Commonly known in India as ‘Indian Olive’, is a medicinal plant widely distributed through Eastern Asia and the pacific. Many species are threatened due loss of habitat. JALPAIGURI (a divisional town of West Bengal) is probably derived from the name of this tree.
Amari, Amoora wallichii King Family : Meliaceae Bengali Name : Lali Biodiesel was produced from Amari tree seed oil (ATSO). It is Red Listed of Threatened Species by IUCN.
Rain Tree, Shirish, Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Family : Fabaceae Bengali Name : Shirish (শিরীষ) Few “Rain Tree" located at Cooch Behar which has noticeable thickest trunk. King of Cooch Behar had planted these trees beside the roads and river bank.
Indian Coral Tree, Erythrina variegata L. Family : Fabaceae Mother/Parijata Erythrina variegata is an ornamental tree. The raw seeds are poisonous but cooked seeds can be. Its bark and the seeds are used to stupefy fish, making them easier to catch.
khair Gum Tree, Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb. Family : Fabaceae Khair Kattha (khair), an extract of its heartwood, is used as an ingredient to give red color and typical flavor to betel leaf or pan. It is used in dying, leather tanning as a preservative for fishing nets and as a viscosity regulator for oil drilling. KHAIRBARI (a village of Alipurduar district) name is probably derived from this tree
Small Flowered Crape Myrtle, Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. Family : Lythraceae Bengali Name : Sidha It is one of the good timber found in the mixed forests of India.It can grow 30 metres or more tal. An edible gum is obtained from the tree which has sweet flavour.
Burma Teak, Tectona grandis L.f. Family : Lamiaceae Bengali Name : Burma segun Salbagan, (Ward 4, Cooch behar town) was named after Sal trees but it have had motly of Burmese Teak trees. It is believed that saplings of the world ‘Burma Teaks’ were planted by King of Cooch Behar here.
Sal, Shorea robusta Roth Family : Dipterocarpaceae Bengali Name : Siliguri sal Sal is one of the most important sources of hardwood timber. Sal seeds and fruit are a source of lamp oil and vegetable fat. Its Seed oil is extracted from the seeds and used as cooking oil after refining. SALBARI (a village of Alipurduar disstrict) name is derived from this tree.
White Teak, Gmelina arborea Roxb. Family : Lamiaceae Bengali Name : Gamari It is a fast-growing tree. it is a very steady timber and moderately resistant to decay and also resistant to termites and other wood borers. Its leaves are considered food for cattle.
Asian Bullet Wood, Mimusops elongi Linn. Family : Sapotaceae Bengali name : Bakul Its timber is valuable, fruits are edible, and it is used in traditional medicine.
Pride of India, Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Per Family : Lythraceae Jarul (জারুল) Pride of India is recognised as the beauty of flower in India. its old leaves and mature fruit are used in traditional medicine for reducing glucose in blood
Elephant Rope Tree, Sterculia villosa Roxb. Family : Malvaceae Bengali Name : Odal /উোল It is native to Jaldapar National Park, southern India including south. Odalabari (a small town of Alipurduar district) name is probably derived from this tree.
Orange, Citrus reticulate Blanco Family : Rutaceae Bengali Name : Komola lebu Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulate ) is a major cash crop of the Darjeeling , Kalimpong, Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar district.
Darjeeling tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze Family : Theaceae Bengali Name : Chha Tea plants are native to East Asia and probably originated in the borderlands of north Burma and southwestern China. The Darjeeling tea is made as black tea, oolong, green tea and are world also famous.
Flora of North Bengal Series 1

More Related Content

Flora of North Bengal Series 1

  • 1. Flora of North Bengal, India Series 1 Published : 17.07.2018 Dr Tusar K. Ghosal Department of Agril. Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari-736165, West Bengal E mail: [email protected]
  • 2. North Bengal have had 350 or more trees. During my I have noticed a few trees in the hills, forests and plains. Jackfuit Artocarpus heterophyllus Moraceae কাাঁঠাল Simal Tree Bombax ceiba Malvaceae রক্তশিমূল Flame-of-the-forest Butea monosperma Fabaceae পলাি Indian Coral tree Erythrina stricta Fabaceae রক্তমান্দার/পাশরজাত Neem Azadirachta indica Meliaceae শিম Pride of India Melia azedarach Meliaceae ঘ াড়াশিম Fig tree Ficus carica Moraceae Dumur Bot or Banyan Ficus benghalensis Moraceae Bot Koronja or Koroch Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae Koroja Indian Lime Citrus aurantiifolia Rutaceae ঘেশি ঘলবু Cluster fig tree Ficus hispida Moraceae Dumur
  • 3. Ramgua/Ramtamul, Horsfieldia kingii (Hook. f.) Warb. Family : Myristicacea Bengali name : Ramgua Chilapata is a small forest between Buxa Tiger Reserve (BTR) and Jaldapara National Park (JNP). Once it was the hunting ground of Koach king named Chilarai. In ancient past it was an outpost of Gupta Empire. Once upon a time, the Nal kings ruled here. It was the capital of Nal Kings. There is a ruin structure inside the Chilapata. In front of the ruined structure there are only 25 trees. It bleeds like animals. Yes it is Ramgua tree. Its fruits (raw fruits) are edible.
  • 4. Tetrameles teak-tree,Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br. Family :Tetramelaceae Bengali Name : Mainakat, Maina, chundal Initially Boro Debi (Maa Durga) puja had been observed by implanting a twig of Mayna tree in the precinct of Madan Mohan Bari. King Naranarayan initiated to make an idol of ‘Baro Devi Maa’. MAYANAGURI (a small village town of North Bengal ) name is probably derived from it.
  • 5. Burmese Grape Tree, Baccaurea ramiflora Lour Family : Phyllanthaceae Bengali name : Lotka It grows in evergreen forests on a wide range of soils. The fruit is harvested and used locally, eaten as a fruit, stewed or made into wine. it is also used medicinally to treat skin diseases. The bark, roots and wood are harvested for medicinal uses. It is avaiable in he Rathajatra at North Bengal.
  • 6. Deodar Cedar or Devdaru, Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ) G.Don Family : Pinaceae (Pine) Bengali Name : Pine A common evergreen tree of the Himalaya. It is one of the India’s longest and most beloved tree of India
  • 7. Oak tree, Quercus acutissima Family : Fagaceae Bengali Name : Oak It found in the Eastern Himalaya and stretching across to Japan, which loses its leaves each winter.
  • 8. Mahogany, Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. Family : Meliaceae Bengali Name : Mehogini Swietenia mahagoni has a long history of being used to make boxes and cases for scientific instruments and other mechanisms, as well as furniture and ornamental woodwork. It is listed as "Threatened“ in the world.
  • 9. Indian Redwood, Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss Family Meliaceae Bengali name : Chikrasi Its timber is very usefull in furniture industry. The plant is widely used in Ayurveda as an important medicinal plant.
  • 10. Indian Fir Tree, Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites Family : Annonaceae Deodaru / ঘেবোরু An evergreen tree with a straight trunk, conical crown and slender drooping branches, about 10-25 m tall. Very common both at hill and plains
  • 11. Indian Olive, Elaeocarpus floribundus Bl. Family : Elaeocarpaceae Bengali Name : Jalpai / জলপাই Commonly known in India as ‘Indian Olive’, is a medicinal plant widely distributed through Eastern Asia and the pacific. Many species are threatened due loss of habitat. JALPAIGURI (a divisional town of West Bengal) is probably derived from the name of this tree.
  • 12. Amari, Amoora wallichii King Family : Meliaceae Bengali Name : Lali Biodiesel was produced from Amari tree seed oil (ATSO). It is Red Listed of Threatened Species by IUCN.
  • 13. Rain Tree, Shirish, Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Family : Fabaceae Bengali Name : Shirish (শিরীষ) Few “Rain Tree" located at Cooch Behar which has noticeable thickest trunk. King of Cooch Behar had planted these trees beside the roads and river bank.
  • 14. Indian Coral Tree, Erythrina variegata L. Family : Fabaceae Mother/Parijata Erythrina variegata is an ornamental tree. The raw seeds are poisonous but cooked seeds can be. Its bark and the seeds are used to stupefy fish, making them easier to catch.
  • 15. khair Gum Tree, Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H.Hurter & Mabb. Family : Fabaceae Khair Kattha (khair), an extract of its heartwood, is used as an ingredient to give red color and typical flavor to betel leaf or pan. It is used in dying, leather tanning as a preservative for fishing nets and as a viscosity regulator for oil drilling. KHAIRBARI (a village of Alipurduar district) name is probably derived from this tree
  • 16. Small Flowered Crape Myrtle, Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. Family : Lythraceae Bengali Name : Sidha It is one of the good timber found in the mixed forests of India.It can grow 30 metres or more tal. An edible gum is obtained from the tree which has sweet flavour.
  • 17. Burma Teak, Tectona grandis L.f. Family : Lamiaceae Bengali Name : Burma segun Salbagan, (Ward 4, Cooch behar town) was named after Sal trees but it have had motly of Burmese Teak trees. It is believed that saplings of the world ‘Burma Teaks’ were planted by King of Cooch Behar here.
  • 18. Sal, Shorea robusta Roth Family : Dipterocarpaceae Bengali Name : Siliguri sal Sal is one of the most important sources of hardwood timber. Sal seeds and fruit are a source of lamp oil and vegetable fat. Its Seed oil is extracted from the seeds and used as cooking oil after refining. SALBARI (a village of Alipurduar disstrict) name is derived from this tree.
  • 19. White Teak, Gmelina arborea Roxb. Family : Lamiaceae Bengali Name : Gamari It is a fast-growing tree. it is a very steady timber and moderately resistant to decay and also resistant to termites and other wood borers. Its leaves are considered food for cattle.
  • 20. Asian Bullet Wood, Mimusops elongi Linn. Family : Sapotaceae Bengali name : Bakul Its timber is valuable, fruits are edible, and it is used in traditional medicine.
  • 21. Pride of India, Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Per Family : Lythraceae Jarul (জারুল) Pride of India is recognised as the beauty of flower in India. its old leaves and mature fruit are used in traditional medicine for reducing glucose in blood
  • 22. Elephant Rope Tree, Sterculia villosa Roxb. Family : Malvaceae Bengali Name : Odal /উোল It is native to Jaldapar National Park, southern India including south. Odalabari (a small town of Alipurduar district) name is probably derived from this tree.
  • 23. Orange, Citrus reticulate Blanco Family : Rutaceae Bengali Name : Komola lebu Mandarin Orange (Citrus reticulate ) is a major cash crop of the Darjeeling , Kalimpong, Jalpaiguri and Alipurduar district.
  • 24. Darjeeling tea, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze Family : Theaceae Bengali Name : Chha Tea plants are native to East Asia and probably originated in the borderlands of north Burma and southwestern China. The Darjeeling tea is made as black tea, oolong, green tea and are world also famous.