Learning disabilities can be caused by factors that affect brain development before or shortly after birth, such as the mother becoming ill during pregnancy, problems during birth like lack of oxygen, or genetic factors. Specific conditions like Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, autism, and epilepsy are also associated with higher rates of learning disabilities. Profound multiple learning disabilities involve more than one disability where the most significant is a learning disability, and often co-occur with physical, sensory, health or mental challenges requiring full-time care.