Learning disabilities can be caused by factors that affect brain development before or shortly after birth, such as the mother becoming ill during pregnancy, problems during birth like lack of oxygen, or genetic factors. Specific conditions like Down syndrome, cerebral palsy, autism, and epilepsy are also associated with higher rates of learning disabilities. Profound multiple learning disabilities involve more than one disability where the most significant is a learning disability, and often co-occur with physical, sensory, health or mental challenges requiring full-time care.
2. What causes learning disabilities?
A learning disability happens when a person's brain
development is affected, either before they are born, during
their birth or in early childhood.
3. What causes learning disabilities?
Several factors can affect brain development, including:
The mother becoming ill in pregnancy
Problems during the birth that stop enough oxygen getting
to the brain
The unborn baby developing certain genes
The parents passing certain genes to the unborn baby that
make having a learning disability more likely (known as
inherited learning disability)
Illness, such as meningitis, or injury in early childhood
4. What causes learning disabilities?
Sometimes there is no known cause for a learning disability.
Some conditions are associated with having a learning
disability, such as cerebral palsy. This is because people with
these conditions are more likely to have one.
Everyone with Down's syndrome, for example, has some kind
of learning disability, and so do many people with cerebral
palsy. People with autism may also have learning disabilities,
and around 30% of people with epilepsy have a learning
disability.
5. What causes learning disabilities?
Profound and multiple learning disability (PMLD)
A diagnosis of a profound and multiple learning disability
(PMLD) is used when a child has more than one disability,
with the most significant being a learning disability.
6. What causes learning disabilities?
Many children diagnosed with PMLD will also have a sensory
or physical disability, complex health needs, or mental
health difficulties. People with PMLD need a carer or carers
to help them with most areas of everyday life, such
as eating, washing and going to the toilet.
If you are looking after a child or adult with PMLD, you can
find help and support in Care and support.