ERCP
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An ERCP involves inserting an endoscope through the mouth and stomach into the duodenum, then inserting a thin tube through the endoscope into the biliary tract to inject radiopaque dye and take x-rays of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct. ERCPs are used diagnostically to detect conditions like gallstones and cancer, and therapeutically to remove stones or lesions or repair narrowings of the biliary ducts. Patients must not eat or drink for 8-10 hours before the procedure, which uses an endoscope, oral anesthetic, contrast media, films, and may use a C-arm to take preliminary, procedure, and post-procedure images centered at the iliac crest on
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ERCP PROCEDURE 
ERCP PROCEDURE Upakar Paudel This document provides information about endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) including:
1. It describes the anatomy visualized during ERCP and the equipment used including endoscopes, catheters, and fluoroscopy units.
2. The steps of an ERCP procedure are outlined including cannulation of ducts, injection of contrast, visualization under fluoroscopy, potential biopsies or treatments like sphincterotomy or stent placement.
3. Indications, risks, and post-procedure care are discussed.
Ercp
ErcpTbilisi State Medical University ERCP is an endoscopic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat issues in the duodenum, bile ducts, pancreatic duct, and gallbladder. During ERCP, an endoscope is inserted and a catheter is used to inject radiocontrast dye to identify any blockages. If needed, a wire can enlarge the opening to the bile duct to remove gallstones or perform other procedures like stent placement. Potential but rare complications include infection, pancreatitis, bleeding, and perforation of the GI tract. ERCP requires an experienced physician due to its risks.
Oral cholecystography
Oral cholecystographySaruGosain An oral cholecystography is a radiological investigation that involves administering contrast media orally to visualize the gallbladder. It was first described in 1925 but is now largely replaced by ultrasound and MRCP due to its low success rate. The document discusses the indications, contraindications, technique, additional techniques, complications of an oral cholecystography.
Ercp
ErcpMaryam Al-Ezairej Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a technique that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat problems of the biliary and pancreatic ductal systems. ERCP was originally used for diagnostic purposes but is now commonly used therapeutically. It allows visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts and can be used to perform sphincterotomies, remove stones, place stents, and dilate strictures. ERCP has advantages over surgery as it is less invasive but also has risks of pancreatitis, bleeding, perforation and infection. Contraindications include acute pancreatitis, previous pancreatoduodenectomy, coagulation disorders if sphincterotomy planned, or
Oral cholecystography (ocg)
Oral cholecystography (ocg)Ankit Mishra An oral cholecystogram is a radiographic study of the gallbladder using contrast media administered orally. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located on the liver that acts as a reservoir for bile. An oral cholecystogram can reveal inflammation, tumors, gallstones, and other abnormalities in the gallbladder or cystic and common bile ducts. Contrast media is ingested and images are taken after fatty meals to visualize the gallbladder and assess contractibility. Potential complications are mild but include gastrointestinal issues and effects on the kidneys or thyroid.
Percutaneous transhepatic choledochography
Percutaneous transhepatic choledochographyMaajid Mohi ud din Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is a radiographic technique used to visualize the biliary tree. It can be used diagnostically when other imaging methods like MRCP or ERCP have been unsuccessful. PTC involves inserting a needle into the liver under imaging guidance and injecting contrast dye to outline the biliary ducts. It is indicated when ERCP has failed or is not possible, to evaluate biliary obstructions or leaks, or as the first step in percutaneous biliary interventions like stent placement. Potential complications include bile leakage, peritonitis, bleeding, and cholangitis.
E r c p
E r c pKevin Tan ERCP is an endoscopic procedure used to examine the duodenum, bile ducts, gallbladder, and pancreatic duct. A endoscope is inserted through the mouth and stomach to access the papilla of Vater. Contrast dye is injected through the endoscope to allow visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts via x-ray imaging. Sedation is provided during the procedure. Potential risks include infection, pancreatitis, and perforation of the GI tract, though complications are less than 10% when performed by an experienced doctor.
Myelography
MyelographyJoann Vargas This document provides information about myelography, a radiographic examination of the spinal cord. It involves injecting contrast medium to detect spinal cord pathology. The spinal cord extends from the brain down the back and is protected by three meningeal layers. Cerebrospinal fluid surrounds and cushions the spinal cord. A myelogram is performed by puncturing the subarachnoid space and injecting contrast medium before taking radiographic images. Risks include reaction to the contrast medium, increased intracranial pressure, or aggravating existing conditions like arachnoiditis. Patients must stop certain medications beforehand and remain on bed rest afterwards.
ERCP
ERCPStef C An ERCP involves inserting an endoscope through the mouth and stomach into the duodenum, then inserting a thin tube through the endoscope into the biliary tract to inject radiopaque dye and take x-rays of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct. ERCPs are used diagnostically to detect gallstones, cancer, and other pathologies and to remove stones or lesions or repair narrow ducts. Patients must not eat or drink for 8-10 hours before the exam, which typically lasts 30 minutes to 2 hours. Required supplies include an endoscope, oral anesthetic, contrast media, films, and a C-arm may be used to take images.
INTRAVENOUS UROGRAM (IVU)
INTRAVENOUS UROGRAM (IVU)Jai Kumar It is a radio-graphic procedure to access the urinary system.
it also called as intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
Preparation mri and ctscan
Preparation mri and ctscanNur Izzatul Najwa The document provides information on preparing for MRI and CT scan procedures, including screening patients, necessary preparations, and expectations during and after the scans. Patients need to disclose their medical history and remove any metallic objects. They may require creatinine testing or premedication depending on their health conditions. The scans involve lying still while the machine moves around the patient, and some require holding breath or receiving contrast agents. Most procedures are quick and painless.
Intravenous pyelogram 
Intravenous pyelogram Ramayya Pramila This document provides information about an Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) exam, including what it is, why it is performed, how it is performed, and what preparation is required. An IVP is an x-ray exam of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters where contrast dye is injected intravenously to evaluate the urinary tract for various issues like infections, tumors, kidney stones, or abdominal injuries. The test involves injecting contrast dye via IV and taking timed x-ray images. Preparation may involve fasting and taking laxatives or an enema to clear the bowels. The test is done in an x-ray department with a doctor present in case any reactions occur.
Retrograde Pyelography
Retrograde PyelographyDr. Yash Kumar Achantani Retrograde pyelography is an x-ray imaging technique used to visualize the kidneys and ureters. A catheter is inserted into the ureter and contrast dye is injected under fluoroscopy. Images are taken of the renal pelvis, ureters and bladder. It is used to evaluate abnormalities seen on intravenous urograms or investigate causes of hematuria when the ureters were not fully visualized. The procedure has some risks but is less risky than intravenous urography. It can demonstrate various conditions like ureteral strictures, filling defects, diverticula or stenosis. Care is taken during injection to avoid overdistension and complications.
IVP.pptx
IVP.pptxSrinath Chowdary IVP is used to examine the urinary tract by injecting contrast media intravenously and taking x-ray images. It is used to evaluate diseases of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder as well as detect abnormalities, injuries, and calculi. The procedure involves injecting contrast media into a vein while serial x-ray images are taken over 35 minutes to visualize the functioning of the kidneys and flow of contrast through the urinary tract. Precautions are taken for patients with iodine sensitivity, pregnancy, or risk of adverse reactions to contrast.
Procedure of ercp and t tube cholangiography
Procedure of ercp and t tube cholangiographyYashawant Yadav The document describes the procedure of ERCP and T-tube cholangiography, outlining the anatomy, indications, contraindications, equipment, patient preparation, technique, and potential complications. ERCP allows endoscopes and other tools to be passed through the duodenum to visualize and treat the biliary and pancreatic ducts using techniques like sphincterotomy, stone removal, stent placement, and biopsy. A T-tube cholangiogram involves injecting contrast through a surgical T-tube in the bile ducts to image them after gallbladder removal.
PERCITANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY and HYSTEROSALPIONGOGRAPHY
PERCITANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY and HYSTEROSALPIONGOGRAPHYSharmaRajan4 This document provides information about percutaneous nephrostomy and hysterosalpingography radiological procedures. It describes the techniques, indications, contraindications, equipment, and potential complications for each procedure. Percutaneous nephrostomy involves inserting a drainage catheter into the kidney under imaging guidance to relieve urinary obstruction or provide access. Hysterosalpingography uses injected contrast medium and x-ray imaging to evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes for causes of infertility. Both procedures require careful technique and monitoring of patients due to risks of infection, bleeding, or contrast medium reactions.
Barium meal
Barium mealAthul Nampoothiri Barium meal is a radiological study used to examine the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. It involves oral administration of barium contrast media. There are several types of barium meal studies including single contrast, double contrast, and biphase studies. Single contrast studies visualize the gross anatomy while double contrast studies provide better mucosal detail using barium and gas contrast. Barium meal exams can detect abnormalities such as ulcers, masses, polyps, and narrowings that may indicate conditions like peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, cancer, or motility disorders.
Operative Cholangiogram
Operative CholangiogramStef C An operative cholangiogram is performed during gallbladder surgery to inject radiopaque dye into the biliary tract and take x-rays to reveal images of the tract. It is used when other less invasive tests have not provided enough information and can reveal gallstones, investigate the biliary tract, determine function of an organ, and demonstrate lesions or abnormalities. The procedure requires radiopaque dye, a catheter, cannula, and C-arm for fluoroscopy during laparoscopic surgery to view the biliary tract.
Barium enema
Barium enemaNurul Natasha Huda A barium enema involves inserting a tube into the rectum to fill the colon with barium liquid and air. This allows visualization of the colon on x-ray to detect abnormalities like polyps, inflammation, or tumors. A single contrast study uses just barium, while a double contrast study first uses barium then replaces it with air to provide more detailed images of the colon walls and inner surfaces. The test takes 15-20 minutes and causes only minor side effects like temporary stomach cramps or constipation.
Barium Meal
Barium MealEman Salman A barium meal is an x-ray imaging test used to examine the stomach and duodenum for abnormalities like ulcers or tumors. It involves drinking barium sulfate suspension and taking x-ray images. It is indicated when investigating unexplained weight loss, dyspepsia, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Contraindications include complete bowel obstruction or suspected perforation. There are three types - single, double, and bi-phasic contrast. The test is extremely safe and noninvasive, and allows accurate evaluation of the upper GI tract. It can detect conditions like erosive gastritis, hiatal hernia, or pyloric stenosis.
P T C
P T CStef C A PTC involves inserting a needle through the liver and into the bile ducts under fluoroscopy to inject contrast media and examine the biliary ducts for abnormalities or blockages. It is used for patients with obstructive jaundice suspected to be caused by gallstones or strictures to potentially remove stones or drain the bile ducts. Patients must not eat or drink before the exam and the radiologist must have equipment like fluoroscopy, needles, and contrast media.
Ptc )percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Ptc )percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographyYashawant Yadav PTC is a radiological procedure used to investigate the biliary system. A fine needle is inserted through the liver under fluoroscopy guidance to access the biliary tree. Contrast is injected to outline the biliary anatomy. Indications include biliary obstruction from gallstones, cancer, or strictures. Risks include bile leakage, bleeding, and infection. The procedure involves accessing the biliary tree with a needle, injecting contrast, and obtaining x-rays of the biliary system to evaluate for obstruction or other abnormalities.
Barium swallow examination
Barium swallow examinationSelf Barium swallow is an examination of the upper GI tract using barium sulfate as a contrast agent under fluoroscopy. It has several advantages over other exams as it allows visualization of the entire esophagus and proximal stomach. Some common indications for a barium swallow exam include dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and assessment of hiatal hernias or fistulas. The procedure involves ingesting or injecting barium and taking x-ray images to detect any abnormalities. Findings may include hiatal hernias, ulcers, tumors, or other pathological conditions of the upper GI tract.
Myelography
MyelographyShatha M A myelogram is a radiographic study that uses contrast medium and fluoroscopy to evaluate the spinal cord and nerve roots. The contrast medium is injected into the subarachnoid space, usually at the L3-L4 or C1-C2 vertebrae under fluoroscopy. Images are then taken in various positions as the table is tilted to allow the contrast to flow. Myelography can diagnose conditions like tumors or herniated discs but has been replaced by MRI in most cases due to its invasiveness and radiation exposure. Risks include allergic reaction or headache, but benefits include accurate diagnosis when other imaging is not conclusive.
OCG (Oral cholecystogram) BY Akash Das
OCG (Oral cholecystogram) BY Akash DasAkashDas169 Oral cholecystography is a radiographic examination of the gallbladder using oral contrast media. It was developed in 1924 but has now been largely replaced by ultrasound and MRCP. The exam involves patients consuming contrast media 14 hours prior to imaging. Radiographs are taken in various positions including before and after a fatty meal to visualize the gallbladder and assess for any abnormalities like inflammation, polyps, tumors or gallstones. Precautions must be taken to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and staff during the exam.
Colonoscopy Procedure
Colonoscopy ProcedureDeborah Kramer-Smith A colonoscopy procedure involves preparing the colon through a liquid diet and laxatives, administering intravenous sedation during the procedure where a colonoscope is inserted to examine the colon and remove any polyps if found, and recovering for 30 minutes after the brief 30 minute procedure before discussing findings and arrangements for follow up care or return to normal activities.
Gastroscope
GastroscopeAsst.Prof.Dr.Terdsak Rojsurakitti Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is an endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It allows visualization of these areas as well as obtaining biopsies. Common indications include unexplained anemia, gastrointestinal bleeding, and dyspepsia. Potential complications are rare at 1 in 1000 and include aspiration pneumonia, bleeding, and perforation. Limitations include inability to fully examine gastrointestinal function or areas beyond the duodenum. Contraindications include recent heart issues or hypotension. Capsule endoscopy allows noninvasive imaging of the small intestine by using a swallowed capsule with a camera.
Patient preparation for radiological procedure
Patient preparation for radiological procedurefarranajwa This document provides guidance on preparing patients for various radiological procedures. It discusses preparing for x-rays by consulting if pregnant or breastfeeding, fasting as needed, removing jewelry and metal objects, and emptying the bladder. For some x-rays, a contrast medium must be drunk. Upper and lower GI x-rays require fasting and may involve a barium solution. Joint x-rays may involve an injection into the joint. Ultrasounds usually require drinking water beforehand and involve applying gel to the skin and moving a transducer over the body. Biopsies often require fasting and stopping certain medications beforehand.
Ercp
ErcpDr Hamid Sain MBBS(Ad.)FRCSEd ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio Pancreatography) is an endoscopic procedure used to diagnose and treat issues in the bile and pancreatic ducts. It involves positioning an endoscope and using x-rays to view the ducts while performing procedures like draining bile ducts, removing gallstones, and placing stents. Potential complications include pancreatitis, bleeding, infection, or perforation. Careful pre- and post-procedure steps like monitoring and antibiotics are important to minimize risks.
Precut ERCP, Fistulotomy, Papillotomy, Transpancreatic sphincterotomy. Miguel...
Precut ERCP, Fistulotomy, Papillotomy, Transpancreatic sphincterotomy. Miguel...miguel chavez We review the most important articles above the differents Precut techiques: Fistulotomy, Papillotomy and Transpancreatic Sphincterotomy. The techique is safe and effective. And a brief comment about my experience in Fistulotomy, "No Post ERCP Pancreatitis because No touch the papilllary orifice"
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ERCP
ERCPStef C An ERCP involves inserting an endoscope through the mouth and stomach into the duodenum, then inserting a thin tube through the endoscope into the biliary tract to inject radiopaque dye and take x-rays of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct. ERCPs are used diagnostically to detect gallstones, cancer, and other pathologies and to remove stones or lesions or repair narrow ducts. Patients must not eat or drink for 8-10 hours before the exam, which typically lasts 30 minutes to 2 hours. Required supplies include an endoscope, oral anesthetic, contrast media, films, and a C-arm may be used to take images.
INTRAVENOUS UROGRAM (IVU)
INTRAVENOUS UROGRAM (IVU)Jai Kumar It is a radio-graphic procedure to access the urinary system.
it also called as intravenous pyelogram (IVP)
Preparation mri and ctscan
Preparation mri and ctscanNur Izzatul Najwa The document provides information on preparing for MRI and CT scan procedures, including screening patients, necessary preparations, and expectations during and after the scans. Patients need to disclose their medical history and remove any metallic objects. They may require creatinine testing or premedication depending on their health conditions. The scans involve lying still while the machine moves around the patient, and some require holding breath or receiving contrast agents. Most procedures are quick and painless.
Intravenous pyelogram
Intravenous pyelogram Ramayya Pramila This document provides information about an Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) exam, including what it is, why it is performed, how it is performed, and what preparation is required. An IVP is an x-ray exam of the kidneys, bladder, and ureters where contrast dye is injected intravenously to evaluate the urinary tract for various issues like infections, tumors, kidney stones, or abdominal injuries. The test involves injecting contrast dye via IV and taking timed x-ray images. Preparation may involve fasting and taking laxatives or an enema to clear the bowels. The test is done in an x-ray department with a doctor present in case any reactions occur.
Retrograde Pyelography
Retrograde PyelographyDr. Yash Kumar Achantani Retrograde pyelography is an x-ray imaging technique used to visualize the kidneys and ureters. A catheter is inserted into the ureter and contrast dye is injected under fluoroscopy. Images are taken of the renal pelvis, ureters and bladder. It is used to evaluate abnormalities seen on intravenous urograms or investigate causes of hematuria when the ureters were not fully visualized. The procedure has some risks but is less risky than intravenous urography. It can demonstrate various conditions like ureteral strictures, filling defects, diverticula or stenosis. Care is taken during injection to avoid overdistension and complications.
IVP.pptx
IVP.pptxSrinath Chowdary IVP is used to examine the urinary tract by injecting contrast media intravenously and taking x-ray images. It is used to evaluate diseases of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder as well as detect abnormalities, injuries, and calculi. The procedure involves injecting contrast media into a vein while serial x-ray images are taken over 35 minutes to visualize the functioning of the kidneys and flow of contrast through the urinary tract. Precautions are taken for patients with iodine sensitivity, pregnancy, or risk of adverse reactions to contrast.
Procedure of ercp and t tube cholangiography
Procedure of ercp and t tube cholangiographyYashawant Yadav The document describes the procedure of ERCP and T-tube cholangiography, outlining the anatomy, indications, contraindications, equipment, patient preparation, technique, and potential complications. ERCP allows endoscopes and other tools to be passed through the duodenum to visualize and treat the biliary and pancreatic ducts using techniques like sphincterotomy, stone removal, stent placement, and biopsy. A T-tube cholangiogram involves injecting contrast through a surgical T-tube in the bile ducts to image them after gallbladder removal.
PERCITANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY and HYSTEROSALPIONGOGRAPHY
PERCITANEOUS NEPHROSTOMY and HYSTEROSALPIONGOGRAPHYSharmaRajan4 This document provides information about percutaneous nephrostomy and hysterosalpingography radiological procedures. It describes the techniques, indications, contraindications, equipment, and potential complications for each procedure. Percutaneous nephrostomy involves inserting a drainage catheter into the kidney under imaging guidance to relieve urinary obstruction or provide access. Hysterosalpingography uses injected contrast medium and x-ray imaging to evaluate the uterus and fallopian tubes for causes of infertility. Both procedures require careful technique and monitoring of patients due to risks of infection, bleeding, or contrast medium reactions.
Barium meal
Barium mealAthul Nampoothiri Barium meal is a radiological study used to examine the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum. It involves oral administration of barium contrast media. There are several types of barium meal studies including single contrast, double contrast, and biphase studies. Single contrast studies visualize the gross anatomy while double contrast studies provide better mucosal detail using barium and gas contrast. Barium meal exams can detect abnormalities such as ulcers, masses, polyps, and narrowings that may indicate conditions like peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, cancer, or motility disorders.
Operative Cholangiogram
Operative CholangiogramStef C An operative cholangiogram is performed during gallbladder surgery to inject radiopaque dye into the biliary tract and take x-rays to reveal images of the tract. It is used when other less invasive tests have not provided enough information and can reveal gallstones, investigate the biliary tract, determine function of an organ, and demonstrate lesions or abnormalities. The procedure requires radiopaque dye, a catheter, cannula, and C-arm for fluoroscopy during laparoscopic surgery to view the biliary tract.
Barium enema
Barium enemaNurul Natasha Huda A barium enema involves inserting a tube into the rectum to fill the colon with barium liquid and air. This allows visualization of the colon on x-ray to detect abnormalities like polyps, inflammation, or tumors. A single contrast study uses just barium, while a double contrast study first uses barium then replaces it with air to provide more detailed images of the colon walls and inner surfaces. The test takes 15-20 minutes and causes only minor side effects like temporary stomach cramps or constipation.
Barium Meal
Barium MealEman Salman A barium meal is an x-ray imaging test used to examine the stomach and duodenum for abnormalities like ulcers or tumors. It involves drinking barium sulfate suspension and taking x-ray images. It is indicated when investigating unexplained weight loss, dyspepsia, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Contraindications include complete bowel obstruction or suspected perforation. There are three types - single, double, and bi-phasic contrast. The test is extremely safe and noninvasive, and allows accurate evaluation of the upper GI tract. It can detect conditions like erosive gastritis, hiatal hernia, or pyloric stenosis.
P T C
P T CStef C A PTC involves inserting a needle through the liver and into the bile ducts under fluoroscopy to inject contrast media and examine the biliary ducts for abnormalities or blockages. It is used for patients with obstructive jaundice suspected to be caused by gallstones or strictures to potentially remove stones or drain the bile ducts. Patients must not eat or drink before the exam and the radiologist must have equipment like fluoroscopy, needles, and contrast media.
Ptc )percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Ptc )percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographyYashawant Yadav PTC is a radiological procedure used to investigate the biliary system. A fine needle is inserted through the liver under fluoroscopy guidance to access the biliary tree. Contrast is injected to outline the biliary anatomy. Indications include biliary obstruction from gallstones, cancer, or strictures. Risks include bile leakage, bleeding, and infection. The procedure involves accessing the biliary tree with a needle, injecting contrast, and obtaining x-rays of the biliary system to evaluate for obstruction or other abnormalities.
Barium swallow examination
Barium swallow examinationSelf Barium swallow is an examination of the upper GI tract using barium sulfate as a contrast agent under fluoroscopy. It has several advantages over other exams as it allows visualization of the entire esophagus and proximal stomach. Some common indications for a barium swallow exam include dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and assessment of hiatal hernias or fistulas. The procedure involves ingesting or injecting barium and taking x-ray images to detect any abnormalities. Findings may include hiatal hernias, ulcers, tumors, or other pathological conditions of the upper GI tract.
Myelography
MyelographyShatha M A myelogram is a radiographic study that uses contrast medium and fluoroscopy to evaluate the spinal cord and nerve roots. The contrast medium is injected into the subarachnoid space, usually at the L3-L4 or C1-C2 vertebrae under fluoroscopy. Images are then taken in various positions as the table is tilted to allow the contrast to flow. Myelography can diagnose conditions like tumors or herniated discs but has been replaced by MRI in most cases due to its invasiveness and radiation exposure. Risks include allergic reaction or headache, but benefits include accurate diagnosis when other imaging is not conclusive.
OCG (Oral cholecystogram) BY Akash Das
OCG (Oral cholecystogram) BY Akash DasAkashDas169 Oral cholecystography is a radiographic examination of the gallbladder using oral contrast media. It was developed in 1924 but has now been largely replaced by ultrasound and MRCP. The exam involves patients consuming contrast media 14 hours prior to imaging. Radiographs are taken in various positions including before and after a fatty meal to visualize the gallbladder and assess for any abnormalities like inflammation, polyps, tumors or gallstones. Precautions must be taken to minimize radiation exposure to the patient and staff during the exam.
Colonoscopy Procedure
Colonoscopy ProcedureDeborah Kramer-Smith A colonoscopy procedure involves preparing the colon through a liquid diet and laxatives, administering intravenous sedation during the procedure where a colonoscope is inserted to examine the colon and remove any polyps if found, and recovering for 30 minutes after the brief 30 minute procedure before discussing findings and arrangements for follow up care or return to normal activities.
Gastroscope
GastroscopeAsst.Prof.Dr.Terdsak Rojsurakitti Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is an endoscopic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It allows visualization of these areas as well as obtaining biopsies. Common indications include unexplained anemia, gastrointestinal bleeding, and dyspepsia. Potential complications are rare at 1 in 1000 and include aspiration pneumonia, bleeding, and perforation. Limitations include inability to fully examine gastrointestinal function or areas beyond the duodenum. Contraindications include recent heart issues or hypotension. Capsule endoscopy allows noninvasive imaging of the small intestine by using a swallowed capsule with a camera.
Patient preparation for radiological procedure
Patient preparation for radiological procedurefarranajwa This document provides guidance on preparing patients for various radiological procedures. It discusses preparing for x-rays by consulting if pregnant or breastfeeding, fasting as needed, removing jewelry and metal objects, and emptying the bladder. For some x-rays, a contrast medium must be drunk. Upper and lower GI x-rays require fasting and may involve a barium solution. Joint x-rays may involve an injection into the joint. Ultrasounds usually require drinking water beforehand and involve applying gel to the skin and moving a transducer over the body. Biopsies often require fasting and stopping certain medications beforehand.
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Ercp
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Precut ERCP, Fistulotomy, Papillotomy, Transpancreatic sphincterotomy. Miguel...
Precut ERCP, Fistulotomy, Papillotomy, Transpancreatic sphincterotomy. Miguel...miguel chavez We review the most important articles above the differents Precut techiques: Fistulotomy, Papillotomy and Transpancreatic Sphincterotomy. The techique is safe and effective. And a brief comment about my experience in Fistulotomy, "No Post ERCP Pancreatitis because No touch the papilllary orifice"
eRCP Overview and Update '06
eRCP Overview and Update '06Gorkem Ercan The document provides an overview and update on eRCP (embedded Rich Client Platform). It discusses the importance of eRCP, community involvement and progress, the architectural model, components, device adaptation facilities, and examples of simple eRCP applications.
Post ercp perforation 2016
Post ercp perforation 2016miguel chavez We review diagnosis, management, treatment (medical, endoscopic and surgical) , prognosis, prevention and different algorithms about post ERCP perforation
Presentacion gastro colangio
Presentacion gastro colangioPekeps El colangiocarcinoma es un tumor maligno que afecta las células epiteliales de los conductos biliares. Generalmente tiene un pronóstico pobre, con más del 50% de los pacientes que presentan ganglios linfáticos positivos al momento del diagnóstico y una mortalidad del 100% a los 6 meses-1 año en casos no resecables. La cirugía continúa siendo la única opción curativa para pacientes sin diseminación tumoral, con una sobrevida del 40-50% a los 5 años para resecciones R0.
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CPRE
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Mrcp Radiology
Mrcp Radiologykunalj000 This document discusses Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), a non-invasive MRI technique used to investigate biliary and pancreatic pathologies. It works by exploiting the inherent differences in T2-weighted contrast between fluid-filled structures and soft tissue. Static or slow moving fluids within the biliary tree and pancreatic duct appear as high signal intensity on MRCP, while surrounding tissue has reduced signal intensity. The document outlines the MRCP technique, imaging parameters, indications including biliary and pancreatic diseases, advantages over ERCP, and some pitfalls.
GIT Kurdistan Board GEH Journal club: Post ERCP Pancreatitis prophylaxis.
GIT Kurdistan Board GEH Journal club: Post ERCP Pancreatitis prophylaxis.Shaikhani. This document provides guidelines from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) for prophylaxis of post-ERCP pancreatitis. It defines post-ERCP pancreatitis and notes an incidence of 4.4% with mild, moderate, and severe types occurring in 69%, 23%, and 8% of cases, respectively. The main recommendations are to administer rectal NSAIDs before or after ERCP, consider prophylactic pancreatic stenting for high-risk patients, minimize cannulation attempts, and use needle-knife fistulotomy as the preferred precut technique.
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If you are a male and looking for a sexologist doctor for personal treatment or medicine then this information is helpful for you. As we know a sexologist doctor is a specialist in his medical faculty to treat patients who are suffering from any kind of sexual problems. He is a specialist in the study of sexuality, sexology, sexual dysfunction, sexual desire, behavior, gender-identity, anatomy and reproductive health issues. He practices in a clinic or hospital to provide his treatment and medicine privileges.
World renowned Ayurvedacharya Dr. Sunil Dubey is the best sexologist doctor in Patna, Bihar who provides his comprehensive treatment for married and unmarried people at Dubey Clinic. He is a highly qualified Ayurvedic doctor who is an expert in sexology medicine and therapy. In his treatment, he uses the entire branches of Ayurveda (modern, traditional, specific and others) to treat his sexual patients. He is also a successful researcher in this Ayurvedic sexologist profession who has successfully done his research on various sexual diseases in men and women.
Common Sexual Problems in men:
Based on his daily practice, treatments and research; he says that both married and unmarried men can struggle with their sexual problems. He says that men struggle with erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, lack of sexual desire, culture-specific syndromes, ejaculation disorders, sexually transmitted infections, performance anxiety disorder and other sexual problems. Various factors are responsible for sexual problems and among them; physical, psychological, lifestyle, hormonal, medical conditions and emotional factors play a vital role in leading a person to sexual problems.
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Dr. Sunil Dubey says that Ayurveda has infallible solutions to deal with all sexual problems of men. The approach of Ayurveda focuses on balancing the doshas in the body, which are the cause of sexual disorders. It has a natural system to cure problems, which is the basis of all medicines. He provides his comprehensive treatment to each and every sexual patient with the help of Ayurveda.
First, he identifies the underlying medical conditions (diabetes, cardiac problems, kidney disease and chronic illness) that play a vital role in this sexual problem. He also helps in identifying psychological factors (stress, depression, anxiety, relationship issues and emotional factors) that indirectly affect sexual health. Providing a holistic approach of treatment, he provides clinically proven Ayurvedic medicine, herbal remedies, quality-proven Ayurvedic Bhasma and vital guidance of sexual wellness.
!!!For further Information, join Web Info: https://ayurvedacharyadrsunildubey.com/
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ORCID: 0000-0002-9393-1933
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* **Highly effective when taken consistently.**
* **Requires regular HIV testing and medical monitoring.**
• **Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP):**
* **Antiretroviral medications taken after a potential exposure to HIV to prevent infection.**
* **Must be started within 72 hours of exposure.**
* **Typically involves a 28-day course of ART.**
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• **Economic Impact:** HIV/AIDS has had a negative impact on economic development, particularly in countries with high prevalence rates.
• **Social Impact:** HIV/AIDS has led to stigma, discrimination, and social isolation for affected individuals and communities.
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• **Prevention Strategies:** Scientists are exploring new prevention strategies, such as long-acting injectable PrEP and broadly neutralizing antibodies.
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— For me, within both Reiki and Yoga sessions the essentials boost the energy. Energy can also be called Vibrations and Frequency. So many coaches are specializing within Frequency topics. They can coach entire themes using Frequency success stories. This shows how little we think of energy? We need our coaches to boost our wisdom? To boost the vibes? For Reiki & Yoga Therapy, using ‘Props’ can assist, protect, and heal energies - faster/better. Let’s Explore more.
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(The Old Matrix Systems)
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Don’t be shy. Any gift amount helps. Any and all depts of LDM & Mia Office/Studios can use petty cash or larger. So no discriminations. Also I do believe Ko-Fi accepts comments as well. You can leave a public introduction/TY/What you liked.
To Donate/Tip/Love Offerings:
♥¸.•♥ ♥¸.•♥
- https://ko-fi.com/ldmmia
- CashApp: $ldmmia2 or https://ldmchapels.weebly.com
Public Social:
https://www.instagram.com/chelleofsl/
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RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2146.8±2350.4 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 58.6%, 10 years – 52.5%, 20 years – 40.2%, 30 years – 28%. 322 GCP lived more than 5 years (LS=4337.4±2377.7 days), 172 GCP – more than 10 years (LS=5966.5±2159.7 days). 291 GCP died because of GC (LS=649.9±347.1 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (67.5% vs. 56.9%) (P=0.047 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of GCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) in terms of synergetics N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G, prothrombin index, residual nitrogen, blood cells subpopulations, age, sex, GC cell dynamics, histology, tumor growth, bilirubin, chlorides, procedure type (P=0.000-0.021). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and healthy cells/CC (rank=1), PT early—invasive cancer (2); erythrocytes/CC (3), PT N0--N12 (4); leucocytes/CC (5), lymphocytes/CC (6), thrombocytes/CC (7), monocytes/CC (8), segmented neutrophils/CC (9), eosinophils/CC (10); stick neutrophils/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5-year survival of GCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT “early-invasive cancer”; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) Cell Ratio Factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) GC cell dynamics; 9) GC characteristics; 10) tumor localization; 11) anthropometric data; 12) surgery type. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for GC are: 1) screening and early detection of GC; 2) availability of experienced abdominal surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for GCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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ERCP
- 1. Endoscopic retrograde Cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)An examination of the biliary structures.
- 2. What is an ERCP?An ERCP involves passing an endoscope through the mouth, esophagus, and stomach into the duodenum. A thin tube is then inserted through the endoscope into the biliary tract. A radiopaque dye is injected through the tube, and x-rays are taken of the biliary tract and pancreatic duct.
- 3. Why would someone need an ERCP?For diagnostic reasons: To diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathologic conditions including gall stones and cancerTo remove any stones or lesionsTo repair any narrowing of the biliary ducts (stenosis)
- 4. What does a patient have to do before an ERCP exam?Nothing can be taken by mouth 8-10 hours before exam. This means no eating, drinking, gum chewing or smokingThe examination can last anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours
- 5. What supplies are needed for an ERCP?An endoscopeAn oral anestheticContrast mediaFilms to take preliminary and post-procedure imagesA C-arm may be used to take these imagesIt is the radiographers responsibility to take images and to assist the radiologist or gastroenterologist
- 6. Routine Radiographic Projections for an ERCPPreliminary KUB Spot Films KUBPost procedure KUBDrainage Film KUBAll films on a 14x17 cassetteCenter at the iliac crest