CBSE Class 12 NCERT Books for Business Studies PDF - Free Download

Business Studies is the subject CBSE 12th Board aspirants have to study to get a firm grip on the various concepts related to managing and developing a Business venture. Furthermore, students who are interested in entrepreneurship will find NCERT Business Studies class 12 lessons useful. Syllabus designers have attempted to solve the issue of curricular burden by restructuring and reorienting knowledge at various levels, taking into account child psychology and the amount of time available for teaching. The textbook tries to help with this by emphasising opportunities for contemplation and wonder, small-group discussion, and activities that need hands-on experience.

NCERT book of BST class 12 provides an insight into the aspects of Business and Financial Management so that students can clear their doubts regarding the subject. On top of that, the teachers also follow Business Studies class 12 book NCERT for their classroom curriculum. Due to its versatility, Business Studies is one of the most internationally studied courses in the world. Business Studies is a broad subject in the social sciences that focuses on a variety of disciplines such as accounting, finance, organisation, human resources Management, and Marketing.

Hence, download the book in PDF form today and start learning!

CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Exam Details:

The exam will last three hours, and the paper will be worth 80 points, with the remaining 20 points going toward a project that will be assessed before the exam. The board has added more short answer type questions in the new CBSE pattern for Class 12 2024-25, and there will be no multiple choice questions in the new CBSE pattern for Class 12. According to the CBSE, the new pattern for Class 12 includes a total of 100 points for Business Studies. Theoretical Paper and Practical/Project Work are the two components of the paper.Types of questions and the marks they carry include

• Very Short Answer – 1 mark, 

• Short Answer I – 3 marks, 

• Short Answer II – 4 marks, 

• Long Answer – 5 marks, and 

• Essay Type – 6 marks.
  
  

Brief Notes on the Chapters

Chapter 1: Nature and Significance of Management

The first chapter of class 12 NCERT Business Studies deals with the fundamental nature of Management as science, art and profession. Along with that, it also differentiates between two important factors of any Business, efficiency and effectiveness. Students often think these two terms to be synonymous, which is not true. Hence, they will be able to develop a deeper understanding of Management after studying this chapter.

Moreover, a careful study of this chapter will reveal several distinct characteristics of Management. For example, multidimensionality, dynamic function, group activity, intangible forces are some of the traits.

Also, we get to know about the objective, function, three levels and essence of Management in great detail from this chapter. 

Chapter 2: Principles of Management

Management plays a crucial role in achieving a Business objective. For that, any Business requires a set of Principles or rules. Thus, this chapter of Business Studies 12 NCERT focuses mainly on the Principles of Management proposed by Fayol and Taylor.

It also gives an account of the following nature of the Principles of Management. 

• General guidelines

• Universal applicability

• Contingent

• Flexibility

• Behavioural nature, etc. 

The significant difference between unity of command and unity of Direction also constitutes a substantial part of this chapter. Furthermore, the detailed analysis of Taylor and Fayol’s scientific Principles of Management gives an insight into the practical application of Management in Business.

Chapter 3: Business Environment

Moving on to the next chapter of Business Studies NCERT book class 12, students will learn the meaning of a Business environment. Every Business functions under some particular conditions. These factors, both internal and external, affect the Business to a great extent.

This particular chapter covers all the details related to the Business environment, starting from its significance, nature, components and other factors.

Moreover, in this chapter, students get an elaborate description of initiatives taken by the Government of India to promote Business growth and hence overall development of the country’s economy. Business environment consists mainly of five parts.

• Economic

• Social

• Technological

• Political

• Legal

The chapter ends with an account of several government policies to improve the Business environment and their impact on the Market.

Chapter 4: Planning

Planning is the first and most essential component for the foundation of a Business. Chapter 4 of class 12 BST NCERT provides a manual of several aspects of Business Planning. Starting from the importance and application of a systematic plan to limitations of it, this chapter has them all.

Planning is of two types, single use of plan and standing plan. The students of CBSE commerce will hence get a chance to differentiate between these two kinds of plan and the appropriate application of them.

At the end of the chapter, there is an exercise as well so that students can test their knowledge about the topic.

Chapter 5: Organising

An orderly arrangement is an essential part of performing any life event, and Business is no exception as well. For the smooth running of any organisation, a systematic arrangement is necessary. This chapter of BST NCERT class 12 hence states the determining steps involved in Organising, its application and importance in a detailed manner.

Several Business factors directly rely on proper Organising. Also, from this chapter, students will learn the relation between Organisation structure and Span of Management in great detail. Students need to remember that; there are different kinds of Business organisations, and not all Organising factors are applicable to them. Hence, the Business directors need to opt for the Organising method best suited to their Business structure.

Chapter 6: Staffing

Stuffs or employees are the driving force of any Business organisation. However, you just cannot employ any person for any job. A professional individual is required for a specific Business operation. For example, an accountant can never take care of the branding aspect of a company that needs a professional Marketer.

All these vital aspects you will learn from this chapter from NCERT BST class 12 syllabus. Stuffing is important in Business as it helps in retaining the professionalism of an organisation. Moreover, the growth and development of a company is not possible without the contribution of the united efforts of every employee.

Like previous chapters, this one also contains exercises as well.

Chapter 7: Directing

Just like stuffing, having a Directing body is equally essential for channelling the workforce into the right Direction. Directing involves guiding, giving instructions, counselling and motivating the employees to achieve the goal of the organisation.

NCERT book of class 12 Business Studies contains this chapter solely on Directing as there are several responsibilities on the part of a Directing body. An effective Direction can boost productivity ten-fold. There are various characteristics of useful leadership.

This chapter also includes Leadership which differentiate from Directing. The importance, application and impact of both these aspects are discussed in-depth. Hence students who wish to own a Business can get a clear idea of a capable director or a leader.

Chapter 8: Controlling

Controlling is an integral part of CBSE class 12 Business Studies NCERT book. It shows the method of comparing the actual performance with the Planning module. Through monitoring, an organisation tracks the day-to-day operations and chalks out corrective measures if the operations deviate from the actual Planning.

Controlling is also responsible for maintaining and enhancing the quality of the service or product they provide. It is a necessary step to ensure the accuracy of the service. Also, it is instrumental in improving employees’ motivation to keep up their output.

At the bottom of the section, you will find an exercise; solve those problems to score well in the board examination.

Chapter 9: Financial Management

The most significant part of the Financial category of an organisation comprises capital. A company takes up several important decisions to increase its capital. Some factors like shares, debentures, etc. are responsible for raising capital.

The ninth chapter of NCERT of Business Studies class 12, however, deals with all the nitty-gritty of finance and the ways to manage it. A company has to take several critical Financial decisions to achieve the Financial goal of the same. Skilful Management of finances helps to reduce unnecessary expenses and creates the room to generate more capital.

Chapter 10: Financial Markets

Download NCERT book class 12 Business Studies PDF to get an overview of the Financial Market and its effect on Business. It is a pivotal and broad aspect of any Business. Financial Markets comprise banks, Business and government. These bodies of a country find several avenues to channelize the savings for productive uses.

For any Business, it is mandated to analyze the Market very well so that the investments can turn out to be fruitful. The fundamental Business aspects like profit and loss hugely depend on the Financial Market.

Any minor change in the Financial Market can impact the Business to a great extent. Hence it is a necessary topic for students aspiring to start their own Business.

Chapter 11: Marketing Management

This chapter of NCERT Business Studies class 12 deals with all the vital aspects of Marketing Management. Students need to learn this concept minutely, as based on this basic knowledge you can also opt for higher Studies like MBA.

Business and Market are interrelated in the sense that the demand of the Market determines the future of a Business. Starting from the selling aspect to a promotion, this topic covers it all.

With the evolving Business trend, it is of utmost importance to have a deeper understanding of Marketing Management. Equipped with robust Marketing strategies, a Business can prosper in no time. However, for that, you need to study the Market really well.

Chapter 12: Consumer Protection

The concluding section of class 12 BST NCERT book documents several Consumer Rights and Consumer Protection Act, accordingly. Though Consumers are on the receiving end of a Business, they are responsible for the sustenance of an organisation. In return, the Business owners and Government must look after their interests and demands.

Sometimes, customers fall prey to fraudulent activities while purchasing a product or availing a service. In such a scenario, several acts protect the Consumers and resolve their grievances. In 1986, the Government of India issued the Consumer Protection Act to safeguard the Consumers from any such practices.

An exercise is there at the bottom of the chapter for students to solve.

How to Study CBSE Class 12 Business Studies?

• Read the full NCERT book from cover to cover, at least three times. Every time you sit down to read, use coloured pens to underline, add references, and make notes. Color coding can help you recall things better and will also assist you enhance your exam writing skills.

• Use diagrams, flow charts, and stick figures to help you remember processes better. Make up stories to go along with the process. Imagining yourself in the circumstance will assist you in recalling information more quickly.

• Case Studies are used to assess your comprehension as well as your ability to compose responses. Given the state of schooling, however, you should be able to discover a line or two in the case that pertains to the topic. This is when thorough readings will come in handy.

• Some areas, such as managerial functions, may be closely related and difficult to identify in application-based queries. When it comes to college tests, your thinking is crucial. Identify and separate such themes by taking notes or underlining words/phrases that distinguish them.

• Practice - Once you've identified the topic, application-based questions are much easier to answer. Practice as many case Studies as you can; they're quick, easy, and generally enjoyable to do. Do not approach them topic by topic; instead, practise with sample papers or question banks that include a variety of themes.

• Stick to the NCERT textbooks - Write the headers and the following text from the NCERT. Teachers are familiar with the topic and will not have to exert much effort to recognise it as correct. Furthermore, a single word or phrase structure can disappoint the teacher and result in a grade reduction. Following the book's content will ensure accurate responses and grades.
  
  

Why is NCERT Books Preferred?

Several books are available in the Indian Market for CBSE students. However, NCERT books are the most appreciated amongst them all. But what makes it the best? Following are some of the USPs of it. Take a look!

• A Systematic Approach to the Topic - Several reputed teachers across the nation have contributed to preparing NCERT books. Therefore, their knowledge effectively added value to the book. Reading these books, students develop in-depth knowledge about any topic.

• Prepares for Exams - Each chapter of Business class 12 NCERT book contains an exercise. Solving those problems, students can improve their understanding of the subject. Moreover, all the questions are modelled after CBSE board exam standard. Hence, students become exam-ready after finishing the book. Students aspiring for exams like CAT, SAT, MAT also prefer this book for a consultation.

• Improves Problem - Solving ability - All the NCERT books are arranged scientifically. Therefore students hardly feel any difficulty comprehending any topic. NCERT BST class 12 book also provides additional information regarding any chapter. Hence, students can tackle any kind of questions they are asked, easy or difficult.

• Helps in Building Confidence - CBSE asks almost 95% of the questions from this book only. Hence, if you can complete the book without leaving any chapter, it is likely that you will be able to answer all the questions. For this reason, students feel more confident about their preparation.

• Recommendation from All - Starting from teachers to exam toppers, everyone recommends 12th NCERT Business Studies scoring highest marks in the examination.
  
  

Because of the above mentioned reasons, most students prefer NCERT Business Studies class 12 over other books.

Download the 12th BST book as soon as possible and ahead in the study.

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Important Topics:

• Nature and Importance of Management - Nature of Management: Management as an Art, Science, and Profession, Management Levels and Functions, Coordination Features/Nature and Importance.

• Management Principles - Fayol's Principles of Management, FW Tayolr's Scientific Management Its Principles and Techniques, and Fayol Vs Taylor.

• Business Environment - Changes in government policy and their impact on Business and industry are discussed in the context of the.

• Planning - Planning Limitations, Planning Process Steps, and Different Types of Plans.

• Organizing - Organizational Structure and Types of Organizational Structure, Formal and Informal Organization, Delegation, and Decentralization.

• Staffing - Staffing is a component of human resource Management, recruitment and its sources, selection and selection processes, training and development, and training methods.

• Directing - Motivation, Maslow's Needs, and Directing - Meaning and Importance of Supervision,   Meaning and Importance of Communication Barriers and Measures to Overcome Them, Hierarchy Theory of Motivational and Financial and Non-Financial Incentives, Concept and Importance and Style of Leadership.

• Controlling - The Relationship Between Planning and Controlling, and Controlling Process Steps.

• Financial Management - Financial Decisions, Capital Structure, Fixed Capital, and Working Capital are some aspects.

• Financial Markets - Stock Exchange, Stock Exchange Functions and Trading Procedures, SEBI: Reasons for Establishment, Objectives, and Functions.

• Marketing - Marketing and Selling, Marketing Mix, Product Mix, and Price Mix, Place/Physical Distribution Concept Channels of Distribution, and Major Promotional Tools, such as Advertising, Personal Selling, and Sales Promotion.

• Consumer Protection - Ways and Means of Consumer Protection, Redress, Agencies under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986, and the Role of Consumer Organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations.
  
  

Other Free CBSE Class 12 Business Studies Study Material

Other Free CBSE Study Material for Class 12