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{{Short description|Israeli army operation which was carried in 2002 in the West Bank}} |
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{{Campaignbox Second Intifada}} |
{{Campaignbox Second Intifada |expanded}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Operation Determined Path''' ({{lang-he|מבצע דרך נחושה |
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| ⚫ | '''Operation "Determined Path"''' ({{lang-he|מבצע דרך נחושה|lit=|translit=Mivtza Derekh Nehosha}}) was a military operation carried out by the [[Israel Defense Forces]], starting June 22, 2002, following [[Operation Defensive Shield|Operation "Defensive Shield"]], with the goal of reaching some of the unreached objectives set forth for Defensive Shield, especially in the northern [[West Bank]]. |
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==Background== |
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In the two months following Defensive Shield, five IDF officers and soldiers were killed in activity in the [[Palestinian territories]], mostly in attempts to arrest wanted persons.<ref name="harel274-275">{{Cite book |
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| publisher = Yedioth Aharonoth Books and Chemed Books |
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| isbn = 965-511-767-7 9789655117677 |
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| last = Harel |
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| first = Amos |
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| coauthors = Avi Isacharoff |
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| title = The Seventh War |
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| pages = 274–275 |
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| location = Tel-Aviv |
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| date = 2004 |
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}} {{he icon}}</ref> The regular units which participated in Defensive Shield were not rested. Israel suffered 64 major attacks which claimed the lives of 83 civilians.<ref name="rees">{{Cite news |
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| issn = 0040-718X |
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| last = Rees |
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| first = Matt |
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| title = The Terror That Will Not Quit |
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| work = Time |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-06-23 |
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| url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101020701-265414,00.html |
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}}</reF> June 18 saw the [[Patt junction bus bombing]] in [[Jerusalem]], in which nineteen people were killed. [[Israeli Prime Minister]], [[Ariel Sharon]], visited, for the first time as PM, the location. That day, he ordered Determined Path.<ref name="harel274-275" /> According to a poll, 80% of Jewish Israelis supported it.<ref name="ya'ar">{{Cite news |
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| last = Ya'ar |
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| first = Ephraim |
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| coauthors = Tamar Hermann |
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| title = Determined Path is supported by 80% of Jewish Israelis |
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| work = Haaretz |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-06 |
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| url = http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=183839&contrassID=2&subContrassID=5&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y&itemNo=183839 |
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}}</ref> |
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== |
== Background == |
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The IDF issued emergency drafts, although with a specified release date, unlike the ones issued before Defensive Shield.<ref name="yitzhak">{{Cite news |
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| last = Yitzhak |
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| first = Yoav |
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| title = Operation "Determined Path" expands due to bombings; Cabinet decided: Back to the Palestinian Towns |
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| work = nfc |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-06-21 |
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| url = http://www.nfc.co.il/archive/001-D-9022-00.html?tag=1-23-57 |
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}} {{he icon}}</ref> Israeli intelligence argued that a few top [[Hamas]] operatives in the [[Gaza Strip]] slipped through Israeli security to the West Bank and had begun to produce explosives there.<ref name="rees" /> The effort was aimed mostly at Hamas and [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] cells.<ref name="harel">{{Cite news |
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| last = Harel |
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| first = Amos |
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| title = Back to '67 or even '48 |
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| work = Haaretz |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| url = http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=189156&contrassID=2&subContrassID=1&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y |
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}}</ref> |
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In the two months following "Defensive Shield", five IDF officers and soldiers were killed in activity in the [[Palestinian territories]], mostly in attempts to arrest wanted persons.<ref name="harel274-275">{{cite book |publisher=Yedioth Aharonoth Books and Chemed Books |isbn=978-965-511-767-7 |last=Harel |first=Amos |author2=Avi Isacharoff |title=The Seventh War |pages=274–275 |location=Tel-Aviv |year=2004|language=he}}</ref> The regular units which participated in "Defensive Shield" were not rested. Israel suffered 64 major attacks which claimed the lives of 83 civilians.<ref name="rees">{{cite magazine |issn=0040-781X |last=Rees |first=Matt |title=The Terror That Will Not Quit |magazine=Time |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=2002-06-23 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101020701-265414,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050308214117/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101020701-265414,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 8, 2005}}</ref> June 18 saw the [[Patt junction bus bombing]] in [[Jerusalem]], in which nineteen people were killed. [[Israeli Prime Minister]], [[Ariel Sharon]], visited the location, for the first time as PM. That day, he ordered "Determined Path".<ref name="harel274-275" /> According to a poll, 80% of Jewish Israelis supported it.<ref name="ya'ar">{{cite news |last=Ya'ar |first=Ephraim |author2=Tamar Hermann |title=Determined Path is supported by 80% of Jewish Israelis |work=Ha'aretz |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=June 2002 |url=http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=183839&contrassID=2&subContrassID=5&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y&itemNo=183839}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | In the first phase, heavy forces entered the West Bank towns and took up positions. The IDF put a curfew and arrested wanted persons. After a few weeks, the fixed positions were abandoned (except in [[Nablus]]), but the units kept entering almost nightly to make arrests.<ref name="harel274-275" /> On July 7, [[Israeli Defense Minister]], [[Benjamin Ben-Eliezer]], said that in the course of Determined Path, 150 wanted persons were arrested, including ten potential suicide bombers, and fourteen explosive labs were exposed.<ref name="behor">{{ |
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| last = Behor |
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| first = Diana |
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| title = Ben-Eliezer: "Fear that Hezbollah will attack" |
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| work = Ynet |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-07-07 |
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| url = http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-1984613,00.html |
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}} {{he icon}}</ref> After two weeks, the IDF called it a "great success", citing the decline in Palestinian attacks and the absence of Israeli casualties.<ref name="shompelby">{{Cite news |
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| last = Shompelby |
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| first = Atila |
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| coauthors = Diana Behor |
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| title = IDF Sources: Operation Determined Path - Great Success |
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| work = Ynet |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-07-04 |
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| url = http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-1980814,00.html |
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}} {{he icon}}</ref> The third week of the operation saw two Palestinian attacks, one in [[Immanuel (town)|Immanuel]] and one [[Tel Aviv]].<ref name="harel" /> |
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== |
== Operation == |
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| ⚫ | A month after the start of the operation, a one senior IDF officer in the territories said he felt that for the time being, it was "delivering the goods". The two attacks were cited as exceptions to the rule which prove it. In [[Jenin]], tanks and armored personnel carriers on patrol were often replaced by one or two jeeps. Colonel [[Moshe Tamir]], commander of the [[Golani Brigade]], became commander of the Jenin district. His troops were deployed outside the city, mostly on the seam line. They went in and out of the city according to need, mostly for specific arrests.<ref name="harel" /> In [[Hebron]], 180 Palestinian suspects were arrested during the operation.<ref name="frisch">{{ |
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| last = Frisch |
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| first = Felix |
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| title = Planned: Duvdevan B Unit |
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| work = Ynet |
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| accessdate = 2008-09-24 |
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| date = 2002-09-02 |
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| url = http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-2096775,00.html |
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}} {{he icon}}</ref> |
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The IDF issued emergency drafts, although with a specified release date, unlike the ones issued before "Defensive Shield".<ref name="yitzhak">{{cite news |last=Yitzhak |first=Yoav |title=Operation "Determined Path" expands due to bombings; Cabinet decided: Back to the Palestinian Towns |work=nfc |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=2002-06-21 |url=http://www.nfc.co.il/archive/001-D-9022-00.html?tag=1-23-57|language=he}}</ref> Israeli intelligence argued that a few top [[Hamas]] operatives in the [[Gaza Strip]] slipped through Israeli security to the West Bank and had begun to produce explosives there.<ref name="rees" /> The effort was aimed mostly at Hamas and [[Palestinian Islamic Jihad]] cells.<ref name="harel">{{cite news |last=Harel |first=Amos |title=Back to '67 or even '48 |work=Ha'aretz |access-date=2008-09-24 |url=http://www.haaretz.co.il/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=189156&contrassID=2&subContrassID=1&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | In the first phase, heavy forces entered the West Bank towns and took up positions. The IDF put a curfew and arrested wanted persons. After a few weeks, the fixed positions were abandoned (except in [[Nablus]]), but the units kept entering almost nightly to make arrests.<ref name="harel274-275" /> On July 7, [[Israeli Defense Minister]], [[Benjamin Ben-Eliezer]], said that in the course of "Determined Path", 150 wanted persons were arrested, including ten potential suicide bombers, and fourteen explosive labs were exposed.<ref name="behor">{{cite news |last=Behor |first=Diana |title=Ben-Eliezer: "Fear that Hezbollah will attack" |work=Ynet |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=2002-07-07 |url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-1984613,00.html|language=he}}</ref> After two weeks, the IDF called it a "great success", citing the decline in Palestinian attacks and the absence of Israeli casualties.<ref name="shompelby">{{cite news |last=Shompelby |first=Atila |author2=Diana Behor |title=IDF Sources: Operation Determined Path - Great Success |work=Ynet |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=2002-07-04 |url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-1980814,00.html|language=he}}</ref> The third week of the operation saw two Palestinian attacks, one in [[Immanuel (town)|Immanuel]] and one [[Tel Aviv]].<ref name="harel" /> |
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== Aftermath == |
|||
| ⚫ | A month after the start of the operation, a one senior IDF officer in the territories said he felt that for the time being, it was "delivering the goods". The two attacks were cited as exceptions to the rule which prove it. In [[Jenin]], tanks and armored personnel carriers on patrol were often replaced by one or two jeeps. Colonel [[Moshe Tamir (general)|Moshe Tamir]], commander of the [[Golani Brigade]], became commander of the Jenin district. His troops were deployed outside the city, mostly on the seam line. They went in and out of the city according to need, mostly for specific arrests.<ref name="harel" /> In [[Hebron]], 180 Palestinian suspects were arrested during the operation.<ref name="frisch">{{cite news |last=Frisch |first=Felix |title=Planned: Duvdevan B Unit |work=Ynet |access-date=2008-09-24 |date=2002-09-02 |url=http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-2096775,00.html|language=he}}</ref> |
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{{reflist|2}} |
{{reflist|2}} |
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{{Israeli-Palestinian |
{{Israeli-Palestinian conflict |Timeline |state=expanded}} |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 2002]] |
[[Category:Conflicts in 2002]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:West Bank]] |
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[[Category:2002 in Israel]] |
[[Category:2002 in Israel]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Battles of the Second Intifada]] |
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[[Category:Counterterrorism in Israel]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
Latest revision as of 17:43, 14 March 2024
Operation "Determined Path" (Hebrew: מבצע דרך נחושה, romanized: Mivtza Derekh Nehosha) was a military operation carried out by the Israel Defense Forces, starting June 22, 2002, following Operation "Defensive Shield", with the goal of reaching some of the unreached objectives set forth for Defensive Shield, especially in the northern West Bank.
Background
[edit]In the two months following "Defensive Shield", five IDF officers and soldiers were killed in activity in the Palestinian territories, mostly in attempts to arrest wanted persons.[1] The regular units which participated in "Defensive Shield" were not rested. Israel suffered 64 major attacks which claimed the lives of 83 civilians.[2] June 18 saw the Patt junction bus bombing in Jerusalem, in which nineteen people were killed. Israeli Prime Minister, Ariel Sharon, visited the location, for the first time as PM. That day, he ordered "Determined Path".[1] According to a poll, 80% of Jewish Israelis supported it.[3]
Operation
[edit]The IDF issued emergency drafts, although with a specified release date, unlike the ones issued before "Defensive Shield".[4] Israeli intelligence argued that a few top Hamas operatives in the Gaza Strip slipped through Israeli security to the West Bank and had begun to produce explosives there.[2] The effort was aimed mostly at Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad cells.[5]
In the first phase, heavy forces entered the West Bank towns and took up positions. The IDF put a curfew and arrested wanted persons. After a few weeks, the fixed positions were abandoned (except in Nablus), but the units kept entering almost nightly to make arrests.[1] On July 7, Israeli Defense Minister, Benjamin Ben-Eliezer, said that in the course of "Determined Path", 150 wanted persons were arrested, including ten potential suicide bombers, and fourteen explosive labs were exposed.[6] After two weeks, the IDF called it a "great success", citing the decline in Palestinian attacks and the absence of Israeli casualties.[7] The third week of the operation saw two Palestinian attacks, one in Immanuel and one Tel Aviv.[5]
Aftermath
[edit]A month after the start of the operation, a one senior IDF officer in the territories said he felt that for the time being, it was "delivering the goods". The two attacks were cited as exceptions to the rule which prove it. In Jenin, tanks and armored personnel carriers on patrol were often replaced by one or two jeeps. Colonel Moshe Tamir, commander of the Golani Brigade, became commander of the Jenin district. His troops were deployed outside the city, mostly on the seam line. They went in and out of the city according to need, mostly for specific arrests.[5] In Hebron, 180 Palestinian suspects were arrested during the operation.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Harel, Amos; Avi Isacharoff (2004). The Seventh War (in Hebrew). Tel-Aviv: Yedioth Aharonoth Books and Chemed Books. pp. 274–275. ISBN 978-965-511-767-7.
- ^ a b Rees, Matt (2002-06-23). "The Terror That Will Not Quit". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on March 8, 2005. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ Ya'ar, Ephraim; Tamar Hermann (June 2002). "Determined Path is supported by 80% of Jewish Israelis". Ha'aretz. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ Yitzhak, Yoav (2002-06-21). "Operation "Determined Path" expands due to bombings; Cabinet decided: Back to the Palestinian Towns". nfc (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ a b c Harel, Amos. "Back to '67 or even '48". Ha'aretz. Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ Behor, Diana (2002-07-07). "Ben-Eliezer: "Fear that Hezbollah will attack"". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ Shompelby, Atila; Diana Behor (2002-07-04). "IDF Sources: Operation Determined Path - Great Success". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2008-09-24.
- ^ Frisch, Felix (2002-09-02). "Planned: Duvdevan B Unit". Ynet (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2008-09-24.