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{{short description|Okinawa karateka}}
{{Infobox martial artist
{{Infobox martial artist
| name = Motobu Chōyū
| name = Motobu Chōyū
Line 5: Line 6:
| image = Motobu_Choyu.jpg
| image = Motobu_Choyu.jpg
| image_size = 180px
| image_size = 180px
| caption =
| caption = Motobu Chōyū
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1857
| birth_date = {{birth date|1865|5|2}}
| birth_place = Akahira Village, [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]]
| birth_place = Akahira Village, [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]]
| death_date = {{death year and age|1928|1857}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1928|3|21|1865|5|2}}
| death_place = [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]], [[Japan]]
| death_place = [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]], [[Japan]]
| death_cause =
| death_cause =
| martial_art = [[Shuri-te]], [[Motobu-ryū]]
| martial_art = [[Shuri-te]], [[Motobu-ryū]]
| teacher = Choshin Motobu, [[Matsumura Sōkon]]
| teacher = Motobu Chōshin, [[Matsumura Sōkon]], [[Itosu Ankō]], [[Matsumora Kōsaku]]
| rank =
| rank =
| students = Seikichi Uehara, [[Chitō-ryū|Tsuyoshi Chitose]]
| students = Uehara Seikichi, Kaneshima Shinsuke, [[Chitō-ryū|Tsuyoshi Chitose]]
| website = [http://motobu-ryu.org Motobu-ryu]
| website = [http://motobu-ryu.org Motobu-ryu]
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
{{Okinawan name|Motobu}}
{{family name hatnote|Motobu|lang=Okinawan}}
'''{{nihongo|Motobu Chōyū|本部朝勇|extra=1857-1928}}''' was an [[Ryukyuan people|Okinawan]] [[karate]] master and elder brother of ''[[karateka]]'' [[Motobu Chōki]].
'''{{nihongo|Motobu Chōyū|本部朝勇|extra=May 2 1865 - March 21 1928}}''' was an [[Ryukyuan people|Okinawan]] martial artist and the 11th ''[[sōke]]'' of Motobu Udundī. He was also [[Ryukyu Kingdom|Ryukyuan]] royalty and the 11th head of the ''Motobu Udun'', a branch of the Ryukyuan royal family. His younger brother was a [[karate master]], [[Motobu Chōki]].


== Life ==
Motobu Chōyū was born in Akahira village in [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Okinawa]]. His father, ''[[Anji (Ryūkyū)|Anji]]'' (Lord) Motobu Chōshin was a descendent of Prince Shō Kōshin (1655-1687), the sixth son of Okinawan King [[Shō Shitsu]] (1629-1668). <ref name="Shitokai">[http://shitokai.com/choyu-motobu.php Shitokai]</ref>
Motobu Chōyū was born in 1865 in Shuri Akahira, the capital of the Ryukyu Kingdom, the first son of father Chōshin and mother Ushi. His father, Prince Motobu Chōshin (''Motobu [[Anji (Ryūkyū)|Aji]] Chōsin'') was a descendant of Shō Kōshin, aka Prince Motobu Chōhei (1655 - 1687), the sixth son of [[Shō Shitsu]] (1629–1668), the King of Ryukyu. The Motobu family was one of the [[cadet branch|cadet branches]] of the Ryukyuan royal family called the ''Motobu Udun'' ("Motobu Palace") and was one of the most prominent families in Okinawa.

Chōyū learned the martial art passed down in the Motobu family, called ''ushu-ganashi-mē no bugei'', or "the king's martial art," from the age of six.{{Sfn|Uehara|1992|p=19,36}} He then studied [[Shuri-te]] karate and ''[[koryū]]'' ("old school") [[Japanese martial arts]] under the legendary ''karateka'' [[Matsumura Sōkon]]. <ref>[http://www.toku-kai.com/iframes/archive4.htm Toku-Kai] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805183250/http://www.toku-kai.com/iframes/archive4.htm |date=2009-08-05 }}</ref>

In 1881, Chōyū invited [[Itosu Ankō]] to the palace of the Motobu Udun, where he and his brother Chōki learned karate from him. From the age of 24 or 25, Chōyū, along with his younger brother Chōki and his friend [[Kentsū Yabu]], began studying under [[Matsumora Kōsaku]] from Tomari.{{sfn|Motobu|2007|pp=52-53}}

Chōyū had three sons, but the downfall of the family combined with the emigration of his sons to mainland Japan made the succession of Motobu Udundī difficult. He decided to teach Motobu Udundī to his student Uehara Seikichi, and asked Uehara to teach this martial art to his second son Chōmō, who lived in [[Wakayama_(city) | Wakayama]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.motobu-ryu.org/motobu-udundi/about-motobu-udundi/ |title=About Motobu Udundi |accessdate=2022-08-09}}</ref>

In March 1918, Motobu Chōyū, along with other martial arts masters, was invited to a martial arts seminar at the Okinawa Prefectural Normal School. He demonstrated the kata of ''Shōchin'' (''Motobu-shi Sōchin'').<ref>{{Cite news|title=Masters of Karate|newspaper=Ryukyu Shimpo|date=1918-03-21|url=https://www.motobu-ryu.org/library/masters-of-karate/|access-date=2022-09-03}}</ref>

Uehara went to Wakayama in 1923 and spent six months teaching Chōmo the techniques he had learned from Chōyū.

In 1926, together with Miyagi Chōjun, Chōyū founded the Okinawa Karate Research Club in Naha and became its president. In 1928, he became ill and died.
The Motobu Udun tomb where Motobu Chōyū also rests is designated as a historic site in Ginowan City, Okinawa Prefecture, as a tomb of Ryukyuan royalty.<ref>{{Cite news|newspaper=Okinawa Times|title=A Royal Tomb in Ginowan|date=2021-05-01|url=https://www.okinawatimes.co.jp/articles/-/746985|accessdate=2022-09-04}}</ref>

==Historic Sites==
[[File:Motobu Udun Tomb Inner Yard.jpg|thumb|Motobu Udun Tomb Inner Yard]]
The family tomb is the [[Motobu Udun Tomb]] in Ganeko, Ginowan. On February 25, 2021, the Motobu Udun Tomb was designated a cultural property historical site by Ginowan City in recognition of its high value as a material that unravels the relationship between Ginowan District and royal descendants at that time. It has since become a major spot for karate tourist visiting from all over the world.


Chōyū first learned the art of ''Udun-ti'', also known as ''Goten-te'', (the precursor to modern karate), which was passed down within the Shō royal family from father to eldest son. <ref name="Shitokai"/> He then studied [[Shuri-te]] karate and ''[[koryū]]'' ("old school") [[Japanese martial arts]] under the legendary ''karateka'' [[Matsumura Sōkon]]. <ref>[http://www.toku-kai.com/iframes/archive4.htm Toku-Kai]</ref> In his final years, he was the head martial arts instructor to the last king of the [[Ryūkyū Kingdom]], [[Shō Tai]] (r. 1848-1879), succeeding Matsumura in that position. <ref name="Shitokai"/>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== References ==
* {{Cite book|last=Uehara|first=Seikichi |title=Bu no Mai |script-title=ja:武の舞 |lang=Japanese |date=1992|publisher=BAB Publishing|isbn=978-4938650858}}
* {{Cite book|last=Motobu |first=Choki |editor-last1=Quast |editor-first1=Andreas |translator-last1=Quast |translator-first1=Andreas |translator-last2=Motobu |translator-first2=Naoki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GKdSzQEACAAJ|title=Watashi no Karatejutsu |script-title=ja:私の唐手術 |trans-title=My Art and Skill of Karate|year=2020 |orig-year=1932 |publisher=Independently Published|isbn=979-8-6013-6475-1|language=en}}
* {{cite journal |last=Motobu |first=Choki |translator-last=Asai Ferreira |translator-first=Kiko |year=2007 |orig-year=1936 |title= Bushi Motobu Chōki Ō ni 'Jissen-dan' o Kiku! |script-title=ja:武士・本部朝基翁に「実戦談」を聴く！ |trans-title=Choki Motobu's Lost Interviews from 1936 |journal=Classical Fighting Arts Magazine |issue =34 |publisher=Dragon Associates Inc. |issn=1547-416X |url=https://www.motobu-ryu.org/motobu-kenpo/lost-interviews/}}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 35: Line 58:
*[http://motobu-ryu.org Motobu-ryu]
*[http://motobu-ryu.org Motobu-ryu]


{{Persondata
| NAME = Motobu Chōyū
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Okinawa karateka
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1857
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Akahira Village, [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]]
| DATE OF DEATH = 1928
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Shuri, Okinawa|Shuri]], [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]], [[Japan]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Motobu, Choyu}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Motobu, Choyu}}
[[Category:Okinawan karateka]]
[[Category:Okinawan male karateka]]
[[Category:1857 births]]
[[Category:1865 births]]
[[Category:1928 deaths]]
[[Category:1928 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Naha]]

[[Category:19th-century Ryukyuan people]]
{{martialart-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:47, 29 March 2024

Motobu Chōyū
Motobu Chōyū
Born(1865-05-02)May 2, 1865
Akahira Village, Shuri, Ryūkyū Kingdom
DiedMarch 21, 1928(1928-03-21) (aged 62)
Shuri, Okinawa, Japan
StyleShuri-te, Motobu-ryū
Teacher(s)Motobu Chōshin, Matsumura Sōkon, Itosu Ankō, Matsumora Kōsaku
Notable studentsUehara Seikichi, Kaneshima Shinsuke, Tsuyoshi Chitose
WebsiteMotobu-ryu
In this Okinawan name, the surname is Motobu.

Motobu Chōyū (本部朝勇, May 2 1865 - March 21 1928) was an Okinawan martial artist and the 11th sōke of Motobu Udundī. He was also Ryukyuan royalty and the 11th head of the Motobu Udun, a branch of the Ryukyuan royal family. His younger brother was a karate master, Motobu Chōki.

Life

[edit]

Motobu Chōyū was born in 1865 in Shuri Akahira, the capital of the Ryukyu Kingdom, the first son of father Chōshin and mother Ushi. His father, Prince Motobu Chōshin (Motobu Aji Chōsin) was a descendant of Shō Kōshin, aka Prince Motobu Chōhei (1655 - 1687), the sixth son of Shō Shitsu (1629–1668), the King of Ryukyu. The Motobu family was one of the cadet branches of the Ryukyuan royal family called the Motobu Udun ("Motobu Palace") and was one of the most prominent families in Okinawa.

Chōyū learned the martial art passed down in the Motobu family, called ushu-ganashi-mē no bugei, or "the king's martial art," from the age of six.[1] He then studied Shuri-te karate and koryū ("old school") Japanese martial arts under the legendary karateka Matsumura Sōkon. [2]

In 1881, Chōyū invited Itosu Ankō to the palace of the Motobu Udun, where he and his brother Chōki learned karate from him. From the age of 24 or 25, Chōyū, along with his younger brother Chōki and his friend Kentsū Yabu, began studying under Matsumora Kōsaku from Tomari.[3]

Chōyū had three sons, but the downfall of the family combined with the emigration of his sons to mainland Japan made the succession of Motobu Udundī difficult. He decided to teach Motobu Udundī to his student Uehara Seikichi, and asked Uehara to teach this martial art to his second son Chōmō, who lived in Wakayama.[4]

In March 1918, Motobu Chōyū, along with other martial arts masters, was invited to a martial arts seminar at the Okinawa Prefectural Normal School. He demonstrated the kata of Shōchin (Motobu-shi Sōchin).[5]

Uehara went to Wakayama in 1923 and spent six months teaching Chōmo the techniques he had learned from Chōyū.

In 1926, together with Miyagi Chōjun, Chōyū founded the Okinawa Karate Research Club in Naha and became its president. In 1928, he became ill and died. The Motobu Udun tomb where Motobu Chōyū also rests is designated as a historic site in Ginowan City, Okinawa Prefecture, as a tomb of Ryukyuan royalty.[6]

Historic Sites

[edit]
Motobu Udun Tomb Inner Yard

The family tomb is the Motobu Udun Tomb in Ganeko, Ginowan. On February 25, 2021, the Motobu Udun Tomb was designated a cultural property historical site by Ginowan City in recognition of its high value as a material that unravels the relationship between Ginowan District and royal descendants at that time. It has since become a major spot for karate tourist visiting from all over the world.


Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Uehara 1992, p. 19,36.
  2. ^ Toku-Kai Archived 2009-08-05 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ Motobu 2007, pp. 52–53.
  4. ^ "About Motobu Udundi". Retrieved 2022-08-09.
  5. ^ "Masters of Karate". Ryukyu Shimpo. 1918-03-21. Retrieved 2022-09-03.
  6. ^ "A Royal Tomb in Ginowan". Okinawa Times. 2021-05-01. Retrieved 2022-09-04.

References

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Pechin/Peichin

[edit]
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