John Sanctuary Nicholson: Difference between revisions

Brigadier-General
John Nicholson
CB CMG CBE DSO
Brigadier-General John Nicholson CB CMG CBE DSO
	Portrait of Nicholson by Raymond Woog
Member of Parliament for Westminster Abbey
	In office; 25 August 1921 – 21 February 1924
Preceded by	William Burdett-Coutts
Succeeded by	Otho Nicholson
Personal details
Born	John Sanctuary Nicholson; 19 May 1863; Kensington, London, England
Died	21 February 1924 (aged 60); Mayfair, London, England
Political party	Conservative
Education	Harrow School
Alma mater	Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Occupation	Military officer, politician

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Brigadier-General John Sanctuary Nicholson CB CMG CBE DSO (19 May 1863 – 21 February 1924) was a British Army officer and politician. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) from 1921 to 1924.

Early life and education

Born in Kensington, London, the son of William Nicholson and his wife Isabella.^[1] He was educated at Harrow and then, in 1882, the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.^[1] He was commissioned in 7th Hussars in February 1884 and in 1886 he spent eight years in India with his regiment before in 1894 being sent to Natal.^[1]

BSAP, Second Boer War and First World War

The 7th Hussars joined a force at Mafeking to suppress a native rising in Matabeleland.^[1] During these operations he raised and commanded a corps of British South Africa Police (BSAP).^[1] He became Commandant-General of the BSAP and Inspector-General of Volunteers in Rhodesia from 1898 until 1903.^[1] The Second Boer War took place in neighbouring South Africa from 1899 to June 1902, and to recognize his contribution, Nicholson was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the South Africa honours list published on 26 June 1902.^[2] In 1903 he succeeded Baden-Powell as Inspector-General of South African Constabulary and retired from the post as a colonel in 1907.^[1]

During the First World War he joined the British Expeditionary Force and from April 1915 to December 1918 was base commandant at Calais.^[1] He had been promoted to brigadier-general in 1916 and retired from the Army in 1920.^[1]

Political career

With a father and brother both being members of parliament Nicholson contested a seat in East Dorset in the 1910 general election.^[1] He lost by 426 votes to Captain Guest but after a petition Guest was unseated.^[1] Nicholson stood again as a Conservative candidate in a by-election against Guest's brother Henry Guest but was defeated again by a small margin.^[1] In the second general election of 1910 in December, he tried to get elected at Stafford but was defeated by 755 votes.^[1]

In 1921, he was elected the Member of Parliament for the Westminster Abbey constituency in a by-election following the death of the incumbent MP William Burdett-Coutts. He was re-elected in the following two general elections in 1922 and 1923.

Death

Nicholson, who had never married, died on 21 February 1924 of pneumonia at his house at South Audley Street, Mayfair aged 60.^[3] A by-election was held to replace him as an MP.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col A, p. 17.
^ "No. 27448". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 June 1902. pp. 4191–4192.
^ "General Nicholson, M P.". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col F, p. 12.

Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume III 1919-1945, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (The Harvester Press 1976)

External links

Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by John Nicholson

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by William Burdett-Coutts	Member of Parliament for Westminster Abbey 1921 – 1924	Succeeded by Otho Nicholson

[obit-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col A, p. 17.

[2] "No. 27448". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 June 1902. pp. 4191–4192.

[Times43582-3] "General Nicholson, M P.". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col F, p. 12.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|British Army general and politician (1863–1924)}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
-'''Brigadier-General John Sanctuary Nicholson''', [[Order of the Bath|CB]], [[Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]], [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]], [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]] (19 May 1863 &ndash; 21 February 1924) was a [[United Kingdom|British]] [[soldier]] and [[politician]]. He was a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) from 1921 to 1924.
+{{Infobox officeholder
+| name                = John Nicholson
+| image            = Raymond_Woog_-_Portrait_of_Brigadier-General_John_Nicholson.jpg
+| imagesize        = 200px
+| caption          = Portrait of Nicholson by [[Raymond Woog]]
+| office1             = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]]
+| termend1            = 21 February 1924
+| termstart1          = 25 August 1921
+| alma_mater          = [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
+| education           = [[Harrow School]]
+| succeeded1          = [[Otho Nicholson]]
+| preceded1           = [[William Burdett-Coutts]]
+| party               = [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
+| birth_name          = John Sanctuary Nicholson
+| death_date          = {{death date and age|1924|02|21|1863|05|19|df=yes}}
+| birth_date          = {{birth date|1863|05|19|df=yes}}
+| death_place         = [[Mayfair]], London, England
+| birth_place         = [[Kensington]], [[London]], [[England]]
+| honorific_suffix    = [[The Most Honourable Order of the Bath|CB]] [[The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George|CMG]] [[The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire|CBE]] [[Distinguished Service Order|DSO]]
+| honorific_prefix    = Brigadier-General
+| occupation          = Military officer, politician
+}}
+[[Brigadier general|Brigadier-General]] '''John Sanctuary Nicholson''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CB|CMG|CBE|DSO}} (19 May 1863 – 21 February 1924) was a British Army officer and [[politician]]. He was a [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) from 1921 to 1924.
-Born in [[Kensington]], [[London]], the son of [[William Nicholson (distiller)|William Nicholson]] and his wife Isabella.<ref name="obit" /> He was educated at Harrow and then in 1882 to the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.<ref name="obit" /> He was commissioned in [[7th Queen's Own Hussars|7th Hussars]] in February 1884 and in 1886 he spent eight years in India with his regiment before in 1894 being sent to [[Colony of Natal|Natal]].<ref name="obit" />
+== Early life and education ==
-The 7th Hussars joined a force at Mafeking to suppress a [[Second Matabele War|native rising in Matabeleland]].<ref name="obit" /> During these operations he raised and commanded a Corps of [[British South Africa Police]] (BSAP).<ref name="obit" /> He became Commandant-General of the BSAP and Inspector-General of Volunteers in [[Rhodesia]] from 1898 until 1903.<ref name="obit" /> In 1903 he succeeded [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Baden-Powell]] as Inspector-General of South African Constabulary and retired from the post as a Colonel in 1907.<ref name="obit" />
+Born in [[Kensington]], [[London]], the son of [[William Nicholson (distiller)|William Nicholson]] and his wife Isabella.<ref name="obit" /> He was educated at [[Harrow School|Harrow]] and then, in 1882, the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Royal Military College at Sandhurst]].<ref name="obit" /> He was commissioned in [[7th Queen's Own Hussars|7th Hussars]] in February 1884 and in 1886 he spent eight years in India with his regiment before in 1894 being sent to [[Colony of Natal|Natal]].<ref name="obit" />
+== BSAP, Second Boer War and First World War ==
-With a father and brother both being members of parliament Nicholson contested a seat in [[East Dorset (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dorset]] in the [[United Kingdom general election, January 1910|1910 general election]].<ref name="obit" /> He lost by 426 votes to [[Frederick Guest|Captain Guest]] but after a petition Guest was unseated.<ref name="obit" /> Nicholson stood again as a Conservative candidate in a [[East Dorset by-election, 1910|by-election]] against Guests brother [[Henry Guest]] but was defeated again by a small margin.<ref name="obit" /> In the [[United Kingdom general election, December 1910|second general election of 1910]] in December, he tried to get elected at [[Stafford (UK Parliament constituency)|Stafford]] but was defeated by 755 votes.<ref name="obit" />
+The 7th Hussars joined a force at Mafeking to suppress a [[Second Matabele War|native rising in Matabeleland]].<ref name="obit" /> During these operations he raised and commanded a corps of [[British South Africa Police]] (BSAP).<ref name="obit" /> He became Commandant-General of the BSAP and Inspector-General of Volunteers in [[Rhodesia]] from 1898 until 1903.<ref name="obit" /> The [[Second Boer War]] took place in neighbouring [[South Africa]] from 1899 to June 1902, and to recognize his contribution, Nicholson was appointed a Companion of the [[Order of the Bath]] (CB) in the South Africa honours list published on 26 June 1902.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue= 27448 |supp=y |pages=4191–4192  |date= 26 June 1902 }}</ref> In 1903 he succeeded [[Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell|Baden-Powell]] as Inspector-General of South African Constabulary and retired from the post as a colonel in 1907.<ref name="obit" />
-During the [[World War I|First World War]] he joined the British Expeditionary Force and from April 1915 to December 1918 was Base Commandant at Calais.<ref name="obit" /> He had been promoted to Brigadier-General in 1916 and retired from the Army in 1920.<ref name="obit" />
+During the [[World War I|First World War]] he joined the [[British Expeditionary Force (World War I)|British Expeditionary Force]] and from April 1915 to December 1918 was base commandant at [[Calais]].<ref name="obit" /> He had been promoted to brigadier-general in 1916 and retired from the Army in 1920.<ref name="obit" />
+== Political career ==
-In In 1921, he was elected the [[Member of Parliament]] for the [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]] constituency in a [[Westminster Abbey by-election, 1921|by-election]] following the death of the incumbent MP [[William Burdett-Coutts]]. He was re-elected in the following two general elections in [[United Kingdom general election, 1922|1922]] and [[United Kingdom general election, 1923|1923]]. Nicholson, who had never married, died on 21 February 1924 of pneumonia at his house at South Audley Street, Mayfair aged 60.<ref name="Times43582" /> A [[Westminster Abbey by-election, 1924|by-election]] was held to replace him as a MP.
+With a father and brother both being members of parliament Nicholson contested a seat in [[East Dorset (UK Parliament constituency)|East Dorset]] in the [[January 1910 United Kingdom general election|1910 general election]].<ref name="obit" /> He lost by 426 votes to [[Frederick Guest|Captain Guest]] but after a petition Guest was unseated.<ref name="obit" /> Nicholson stood again as a Conservative candidate in a [[1910 East Dorset by-election|by-election]] against Guest's brother [[Henry Guest]] but was defeated again by a small margin.<ref name="obit" /> In the [[December 1910 United Kingdom general election|second general election of 1910]] in December, he tried to get elected at [[Stafford (UK Parliament constituency)|Stafford]] but was defeated by 755 votes.<ref name="obit" />
+In 1921, he was elected the [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for the [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]] constituency in a [[1921 Westminster Abbey by-election|by-election]] following the death of the incumbent MP [[William Burdett-Coutts]]. He was re-elected in the following two general elections in [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922]] and [[1923 United Kingdom general election|1923]].
+== Death ==
+Nicholson, who had never married, died on 21 February 1924 of pneumonia at his house at [[South Audley Street]], Mayfair aged 60.<ref name="Times43582" /> A [[1924 Westminster Abbey by-election|by-election]] was held to replace him as an MP.
 ==References==
@@ Line 16: / Line 46: @@
 <ref name="Times43582">
 {{Cite newspaper The Times
-|articlename=General Nicholson, M P.
+|title=General Nicholson, M P.
-|section=Obituaries
+|department=Obituaries
-|author=
-|day_of_week=Friday
 |date=22 February 1924
-|page_number=12
+|page=12
 |issue=43582
 |column=F
@@ Line 27: / Line 55: @@
 <ref name="obit">
 {{Cite newspaper The Times
-|articlename=General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division.
+|title=General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division.
-|section=Obituaries
+|department=Obituaries
-|author=
-|day_of_week=Friday
 |date=22 February 1924
-|page_number=17
+|page=17
 |issue=43582
 |column=A
@@ Line 46: / Line 72: @@
 {{S-start}}
 {{s-par|uk}}
-{{succession box|title=[[Member of Parliament]] for [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]] | before=[[William Burdett-Coutts]]|after=[[Otho Nicholson]]|years=[[Westminster Abbey by-election, 1921|1921]] &ndash; [[Westminster Abbey by-election, 1924|1924]]}}
+{{succession box|title=[[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for [[Westminster Abbey (UK Parliament constituency)|Westminster Abbey]] | before=[[William Burdett-Coutts]]|after=[[Otho Nicholson]]|years=[[1921 Westminster Abbey by-election|1921]] – [[1924 Westminster Abbey by-election|1924]]}}
 {{S-end}}
+{{authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Nicholson, John}}
 [[Category:1863 births]]
 [[Category:1924 deaths]]
+[[Category:British Army brigadiers]]
-[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs]]
+[[Category:People from Kensington]]
+[[Category:Military personnel from the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea]]
+[[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
 [[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
 [[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
 [[Category:Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
 [[Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath]]
-[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]]
+[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia in England]]
-[[Category:Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies]]
 [[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
 [[Category:People of the Second Matabele War]]
 [[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1918–22]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1918–1922]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1922–23]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1922–1923]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1923–24]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1923–1924]]
 [[Category:7th Queen's Own Hussars officers]]
 [[Category:British military personnel of the Second Boer War]]
 [[Category:British Army cavalry generals of World War I]]
+[[Category:British South Africa Police officers]]