U.S. Route 12: Difference between revisions

U.S. Route 12
U.S. Route 12
	US 12 highlighted in red
Route information
Length	2,482 mi (3,994 km)
Existed	November 11, 1926–present
Major junctions
West end	US 101 at Aberdeen, WA
	I-5 near Chehalis, WA; I-15 at Helena, MT; I-94 at various locations; I-29 / US 81 at Summit, SD; I-35W at Minneapolis, MN; I-35E / US 10 / US 52 at St Paul, MN; I-39 / I-90 at Madison, WI; I-55 at Hodgkins, IL; I-65 / I-90 at Gary, IN; I-69 at Coldwater, MI;
East end	Cass Avenue in Detroit, MI
Location
Country	United States
States	Washington, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan
Highway system
	United States Numbered Highway System; List; Special; Divided;

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U.S. Route 12 or U.S. Highway 12 (US 12) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway, running from Aberdeen, Washington, to Detroit, Michigan, for almost 2,500 miles (4,000 km). The highway has mostly been superseded by Interstate 90 (I-90) and I-94, but, unlike most U.S. Highways that have been superseded by an Interstate, US 12 remains intact as an important link for local and regional destinations. The highway's western terminus in Aberdeen is at an intersection with US 101, while the highway's eastern terminus in Downtown Detroit is at the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues, near Campus Martius Park.

Route description

Lengths
	mi	km
WA	431	694^[2]
ID	174	280^[3]
MT	598	962^[4]
ND	87	140^[5]
SD	319	513^[6]
MN	193	311^[7]
WI	339	546^[8]
IL	85	137^[9]
IN	46	74^[10]
MI	210	340^[11]
Total	2,482	3,994

Washington

The western terminus of US 12 is located in Aberdeen. The highway loosely follows the eastbound leg of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, between Wallula and Clarkston, thus being marked as part of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail. The east end of the highway in the state is at Clarkston, where the highway crosses the Snake River into Idaho at Lewiston, Idaho.

The Washington section of US 12, other than a concurrency with I-5, is defined at Washington Revised Code § 47.17.055.^[12]

Idaho

US 12 enters the state at Lewiston, crossing the Snake River from Clarkston, Washington. It ascends the Clearwater River, running concurrently with US 95 for seven miles (11 km). It reduces to a two-lane undivided highway with signs that read "winding road next 99 miles [159 km]" and goes on to Orofino, continuing up the middle fork of that river to Lowell, the junction of the Lochsa and Selway rivers. It continues up the Lochsa and climbs to Lolo Pass at the Montana border. This portion of the highway is also designated as part of the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail. Most of the highway in Idaho is within Clearwater National Forest. The eastern section of US 12, through remote mountain forest and up to Lolo Pass, was built in the early 1960s, making it the last U.S. Highway constructed. No services are available between Lowell and Powell, about 70 miles (110 km) further east.

Montana

US 12 in Montana has been defined as the Lewis and Clark Highway^[13] despite not being the route followed by Lewis and Clark across the state.^[14]

US 12's 598 miles (962 km) through Montana's mountains and plains is the greatest distance that US 12 traverses through any state. The highway enters Montana at Lolo Pass, seven miles (11 km) southwest of Lolo Hot Springs in Lolo National Forest. After passing Lolo Peak to the south and traveling east for 33 miles (53 km), it meets with US 93 at Lolo and continues as a concurrency northeast for 7.5 miles (12.1 km), where US 93 heads due north on Reserve Street, toward Glacier National Park. US 12 continues northeast through Missoula's downtown, eventually meeting I-90. It then overlaps I-90 for 69 miles (111 km) until Garrison, where it heads east toward Helena for 48.8 miles (78.5 km). This two-lane section of the trip passes through Avon and Elliston winding through Helena National Forest, over the Continental Divide at MacDonald Pass, and then through Montana's capital city, Helena. US 12 passes over I-15, at which point it joins US 287 south. US 12 overlaps US 287 and heads southeast, toward Townsend for 33.4 miles (53.8 km), where it splits from US 287, which heads south for 30 miles (48 km) toward the intersection of I-90 near the town of Three Forks. US 12 heads east toward White Sulphur Springs for 42.2 miles (67.9 km). The route joins US 89 for 8.4 miles (13.5 km) before entering White Sulphur Springs and for another three miles (4.8 km) east of town. US 89 splits north and US 12 continues east on its own for 233 miles (375 km), until the junction with I-94 at Forsyth as a concurrency northeast for 45.8 miles (73.7 km), to Miles City. At the east exit for Miles City, US 12 splits again from I-94 and heads almost directly east to the North Dakota border at a distance of 92.4 miles (148.7 km).

North Dakota

US 12 is a two-lane undivided highway that runs 87.47 miles (140.77 km), through Adams, Bowman, and Slope counties in southwest North Dakota. The speed limit is 65 mph (105 km/h) on rural segments, with slower posted speeds within the cities of Marmarth, Rhame, Bowman, Scranton, and Hettinger. US 12 meets with US 85 in Bowman, and the routes are concurrent for a short distance through the city.

South Dakota

US 12 enters South Dakota from North Dakota as a rural two-lane highway about 10 miles (16 km) west-northwest of Lemmon before entering the Standing Rock Indian Reservation. For approximately the next 70 miles (110 km), US 12 runs parallel to the border of North Dakota, sometimes within less than a mile (1.6 km). At Walker, US 12 heads southeast for 37 miles (60 km), where it crosses the Missouri River at Mobridge, exiting the reservation. From there, it continues east for 18 miles (29 km), until it meets with US 83 near Selby. It overlaps US 83 for seven miles (11 km). After leaving US 83, it turns due east and spends about 80 miles (130 km) as a rural two-lane highway again. A few miles before reaching Aberdeen, it becomes an at-grade expressway. After the junction with US 281, it goes back to being two lanes for a few miles through Aberdeen and past Aberdeen Regional Airport, before once again becoming a four-lane expressway, until two miles (3.2 km) before Waubay. East of Waubay, it becomes again an at-grade expressway until it meets with I-29 near Summit. The speed limit from Aberdeen to I-29 is 70 mph (110 km/h) except through the communities of Groton, Webster, and Waubay. From there, it heads southeast 22 miles (35 km) until Milbank. At Milbank, it continues east for 12 miles (19 km), until it crosses into Minnesota at Big Stone City, just south of Big Stone Lake. The South Dakota section of US 12 is legally defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31 April 132.^[15]

Minnesota

From the South Dakota–Minnesota state line at Ortonville to Wayzata, US 12 is mostly a rural two-lane highway with a 60-mile-per-hour (97 km/h) speed limit, with slower speed limits through towns and a four-lane surface arterial segment through the city of Willmar. From western Wayzata to I-394 in Minnetonka, US 12 is a six-lane freeway. East of I-494, US 12 is invisibly concurrent with I-394 and I-94 through Minneapolis and Saint Paul to the Minnesota–Wisconsin state line at Hudson.

The Minnesota section of US 12 is defined as Routes 149, 26, and 10 in Minnesota Statutes §§ 161.115(80) and 161.114(2).^[16]^[17]

Wisconsin

US 12 crosses the St. Croix River from Lakeland, Minnesota, into Hudson, running concurrently with I-94 before splitting just east of the city. It mainly follows a similar path to I-94 to the north, before crossing under I-94 into downtown Menomonie before continuing in an easterly direction through Eau Claire. In Fall Creek, US 12 turns southeasterly toward Fairchild, it then runs concurrently with US 10 going east for just 2.5 miles (4.0 km) before returning to its course southeast bound. US 12 eventually recrosses I-94 into Black River Falls and then parallels I-94 in a southeastward direction. US 12 also runs through Millston and Kirby. Afterward, it turns directly south to Tomah, where it becomes North Superior Avenue. It alternates between a four- and two-lane road on its way through downtown. It then turns east for 4.5 miles (7.2 km), then parallels I-90/I-94 through Camp Douglas, New Lisbon, Mauston, and Lyndon Station before crossing under the pair of Interstates into downtown Wisconsin Dells. US 12 turns south to Baraboo and runs along the western edge of Devil's Lake State Park. In Sauk City, US 12 turns southeast toward Madison and runs along the city's western and southern edges. Here, it becomes a four- to eight-lane freeway with US 14 and US 18 known by the locals as "The Beltline". On the southeast side of the city, it crosses I-39/I-90 toward Cambridge. It turns southeast here and runs through Fort Atkinson and Whitewater. In Elkhorn, US 12 becomes a four-lane freeway with a 70-mile-per-hour (110 km/h) speed limit. It returns to a two-lane road at the Wisconsin–Illinois state line at Genoa City.

Illinois

In Illinois, US 12 is an arterial surface road that runs from Richmond, southeast to Des Plaines. It then turns due south, continuing through the Chicago metropolitan area, joining with US 45. In Stone Park, US 20 joins US 12/US 45. In Hickory Hills, US 45 continues south, while US 12/US 20 runs due east along 95th Street in the southwest suburbs. From Hickory Hills, US 12/US 20 runs east nearly to the Lake Michigan lakefront and then joins with US 41, as all three routes travel southeast into the state of Indiana.

US 12 is referred to as Rand Road in Chicago's northwest suburbs. Rand is an original name for the area around Des Plaines, the location where the road resumes its westerly direction. South of Des Plaines, US 12 follows Mannheim Road, La Grange Road, and then 95th Street, before merging with US 41 on Ewing and Indianapolis avenues toward the Indiana state line.

Indiana

In Indiana, US 12 is a historically significant route, that winds along the southern coast of Lake Michigan. It runs from an interchange with the Indiana Toll Road, concurrent with US 20 and US 41 in Whiting, to Michiana Shores, at the Michigan state line. A large portion of this segment is known as the Dunes Highway.

Michigan

US 12 is now the only U.S. Highway still serving Downtown Detroit, whose street grid was laid by Augustus B. Woodward, to have a five-way intersection of the roads that would become US 12, US 10, US 16, US 112 and US 25. US 24 still travels through Detroit from Puritan to 8 Mile Road (M-102) on the far west side.

As from the earliest days of its existence, US 12 enters Michigan from Indiana, southwest of New Buffalo, and continues to the old junction of US 12 and US 112 in New Buffalo. It is now assigned between New Buffalo and Detroit (except through Ypsilanti), along what was US 112 until 1962.

On May 4, 2004, the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) designated 209 miles (336 km) of US 12 from New Buffalo to Detroit as a Michigan Heritage Route. The east–west corridor traverses the counties of Berrien, Cass, St. Joseph, Branch, Hillsdale, Lenawee, Washtenaw, and Wayne.

History

Since the highway's creation in 1926, the eastern terminus has always remained within a few blocks of Cadillac Square in Downtown Detroit, Michigan.^[18]^{[self-published source?]}

1926: Cadillac Square at the convergence with US 10, US 16, US 25, and US 112; US 12 ran along Grand River. The original ending was at Miles City, Montana.
1939: The American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) approved a request to extend US 12 to Yellowstone National Park.
1956: US 12 was rerouted along the Lodge Freeway (M-10), ending on Jefferson Avenue; the terminus moved four blocks southeast, to the corner of Woodward Avenue (M-1/US 10) and Jefferson Avenue.
1959: Extended to Missoula, Montana.
1962: After I-94 was completed across Michigan, it was no longer cosigned with US 12. The US 12 route designation was moved to the former route of US 112, which was decommissioned. US 12 now runs along Michigan Avenue and again ends at Cadillac Square. It was extended to Lewiston, Idaho.
1967: Extended to Aberdeen, Washington, to its present terminus at US 101.
1970: US 10 was rerouted from Woodward to the Lodge Freeway and Jefferson Avenue. At this time US 12 was apparently extended along Woodward, to again terminate with US 10 at Woodward and Jefferson avenues, though with the designations flipflopped from their 1956 routing.
2001: The City of Detroit and MDOT, in a series of jurisdictional transfers, moved the terminus back four blocks, to again be at Cadillac Square.
2005: In another transfer, the US 12 terminus was truncated another four blocks, to end at the Patrick V. McNamara Federal Building, on the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues.

The western terminus was gradually extended westward, until it reached the Pacific Ocean.^[19]

Former ferry crossing

In 1925, US 12 in Michigan was originally proposed to run from Detroit to Ludington, across Lake Michigan, via the Pere Marquette Railway car ferry to Manitowoc, Wisconsin, and then continuing into Wisconsin, on what later became US 10, in those two states. The 1974 "Golden Anniversary Celebration" reprint of the 1926 Rand McNally Road Atlas shows US 12 following what later became the route of US 10 through Michigan, from Detroit, through Flint, Saginaw, Midland, and Clare on its way to Ludington.

Routing changes and proposals

US 12 was proposed to enter Wyoming on the current route of US 212 from Mammoth Hot Springs to a point northwest of Clark before its route in Montana was rerouted.^[19] It was also proposed to enter Oregon on the current route of US 730 from east-southeast of Boardman to a point northeast of Cold Springs, but that was canceled.^[19]

In the 1960s, a portion of US 12 in Western Washington was moved north to the town of Morton, when Mossyrock Dam was built on the Cowlitz River in Lewis County. A large portion of old, two-lane US 12 in the Yakima Valley was replaced by I-82 and I-182 in the 1980s, between Yakima and the Tri-Cities, though the freeways are still cosigned with the US 12 designation. The old two-lane highway now bears the name Wine Country Road.

Major intersections

Washington: US 101 in Aberdeen; I-5 in Grand Mound. The highways travel concurrently to south-southeast of Napavine.; I-82 / US 97 in Yakima. I-82/US 12 travel concurrently to south of West Richland. US 12/US 97 travel concurrently to south of Union Gap.; I-82 / I-182 south of West Richland. I-182/US 12 travel concurrently to Pasco.; US 395 in Pasco. The highways travel concurrently through the city.; US 730 south-southwest of Wallula
Idaho: US 95 in Lewiston. The highways travel concurrently to north-northwest of Lapwai.
Montana: US 93 in Lolo. The highways travel concurrently to Missoula.; I-90 in Missoula. The highways travel concurrently to Garrison.; I-15 / US 287 in Helena. US 12/US 287 travel concurrently to Townsend.; US 89 south of White Sulphur Springs. The highways travel concurrently to northeast of White Sulphur Springs.; US 191 in Harlowton. The highways travel concurrently to east of Harlowton.; US 87 north of Klein. The highways travel concurrently to Roundup.; I-94 southwest of Forsyth. The highways travel concurrently to east-northeast of Miles City.
North Dakota: US 85 in Bowman. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
South Dakota: US 83 northwest of Selby. The highways travel concurrently to south of Selby.; US 281 in Aberdeen; I-29 / US 81 northwest of Summit
Minnesota: US 75 in Ortonville; US 59 north of Holloway; US 71 in Willmar; I-394 / I-494 in Minnetonka. I-394/US 12 travel concurrently to Minneapolis.; US 169 in St. Louis Park.; I-94 / I-394 / US 52 in Minneapolis. US 52 travel concurrently to Saint Paul. I-94/US 12 travel concurrently to east of Hudson.; I-35W in Minneapolis. The highways travel concurrently, on separate lanes, through the city.; I-35E in Saint Paul. The highways travel concurrently through the city.; I-35E / US 10 in Saint Paul. US 10/US 12 travel concurrently through the city.; US 61 in Saint Paul. The highways travel concurrently through the city.; I-494 / I-694 on the Woodbury–Oakdale city line.
Wisconsin: US 63 in Baldwin. The highways travel concurrently through the city.; I-94 northwest of the Town of Elk Mound; US 53 on the Eau Claire–Altoona city line; US 10 south of Fairchild. The highways travel concurrently to east-southeast of Fairchild.; I-94 in Black River Falls; I-94 in the Town of Tomah; I-90 in Tomah; I-90 / I-94 in the Town of Lyndon; I-90 / I-94 on the Lake Delton–Delton town line; US 14 in Middleton. The highways travel concurrently to .; US 18 / US 151 in Madison. US 12/US 18 travel concurrently to Cambridge. US 12/US 151 travel concurrently through the city.; I-39 / I-90 in Madison; I-43 in Elkhorn
Illinois: US 45 in Des Plaines. The highways travel concurrently to west of the Palos Hills–Hickory Hills, Illinois city line.; US 14 in Des Plaines; I-190 west of Rosemont; US 20 on the Melrose Park–Stone Park city line. The highways travel concurrently to East Chicago, Indiana.; I-290 on the Westchester–Hillside–Bellwood city line; US 34 in La Grange; I-55 on the Countryside–Hodgkins city line; I-294 in Willow Springs; I-294 on the Hickory Hills–Bridgeview city line; US 41 in Chicago. The highways travel concurrently to northwest of Whiting, Indiana.
Indiana: I-90 northwest of Whiting; US 20 on the Hammond–Gary city line. The highways travel concurrently into Gary proper.; I-65 in Gary; I-90 in Gary
Michigan: I-94 in New Buffalo Township; US 31 in Bertrand Township; US 131 in White Pigeon; I-69 in Coldwater; US 127 in Woodstock Township; US 23 in Pittsfield Charter Township; I-94 in Ypsilanti Township. The highways travel concurrently through the township, passing through Ypsilanti.; I-275 in Canton; US 24 in Dearborn; I-94 in Dearborn; Cass Avenue in Detroit

^[20]

References

^ McNichol, Dan (2006). The Roads that Built America: The Incredible Story of the US Interstate System. New York: Sterling. p. 74. ISBN 1-4027-3468-9. OCLC 63377558.
^ Staff (2006). State Highway Log (PDF) (Report). Washington State Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 10, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
^ Idaho Transportation Department. "Milepost Log, US 12" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Road Inventory and Mapping Section (2013). Montana Road Log (PDF). Helena: Montana Department of Transportation. pp. 11–12, 19–20, 59–62, 143–144, 157–159. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2020. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
^ North Dakota Department of Transportation (2014). North Dakota Route and Mileage Map (PDF) (Map). Bismarck: North Dakota Department of Transportation. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
^ "State Highway Data Viewer". experience.arcgis.com. South Dakota Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
^ "Statewide Trunk Logpoint Listing" (PDF). Minnesota Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2012. Retrieved December 22, 2011.
^ Bessert, Chris. "Highways 10-19". Wisconsin Highways. Archived from the original on January 8, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2007.^{[self-published source]}
^ Illinois Technology Transfer Center (2007). "T2 GIS Data". Illinois Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on August 17, 2004. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
^ Indiana Department of Transportation (July 2016). Reference Post Book (PDF). Indianapolis: Indiana Department of Transportation. US 12. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
^ Michigan Department of Transportation (2021). Next Generation PR Finder (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
^ "§ 47.17.055. State Route No. 12". Washington Revised Code. Washington State Legislature. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2007.
^ "MCA 60-1-202". Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
^ Lewis & Clark in Montana (PDF) (Map). 1:1,100,000. Montana Department of Transportation. March 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 14, 2005.
^ "31-4-132. U.S. Highway 12 from North Dakota to Minnesota". South Dakota Statutes. Archived from the original on February 13, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.
^ Minnesota Legislature. "§161.115 Additional Trunk Highways". Minnesota Statutes. Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Archived from the original on March 7, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.
^ Minnesota Legislature. "§161.114 Constitutional Trunk Highways". Minnesota Statutes. Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Archived from the original on May 9, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.
^ Bessert, Christopher J. (July 5, 2013). "US-12". Michigan Highways. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved January 19, 2014.^{[self-published source]}
^ ^a ^b ^c Weingroff, Richard F. (May 7, 2005). "U.S. 12 Michigan to Washington". Highway History. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on September 16, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2024.
^ Rand McNally (2014). The Road Atlas (Walmart ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally. pp. 31–32, 36, 51, 55, 60–61, 77, 93, 108–109, 114–115. ISBN 978-0-528-00771-2.

External links

KML file (edit • help)

Template:Attached KML/U.S. Route 12

KML is not from Wikidata

Media related to U.S. Route 12 at Wikimedia Commons
Endpoints of US highway 12

[mcnichol74-1] McNichol, Dan (2006). The Roads that Built America: The Incredible Story of the US Interstate System. New York: Sterling. p. 74. ISBN 1-4027-3468-9. OCLC 63377558.

[2] Staff (2006). State Highway Log (PDF) (Report). Washington State Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 10, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2008.

[3] Idaho Transportation Department. "Milepost Log, US 12" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on February 4, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.

[4] Road Inventory and Mapping Section (2013). Montana Road Log (PDF). Helena: Montana Department of Transportation. pp. 11–12, 19–20, 59–62, 143–144, 157–159. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2020. Retrieved November 27, 2020.

[5] North Dakota Department of Transportation (2014). North Dakota Route and Mileage Map (PDF) (Map). Bismarck: North Dakota Department of Transportation. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved August 30, 2018.

[State_Highway_Data_Viewer-6] "State Highway Data Viewer". experience.arcgis.com. South Dakota Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2024.

[7] "Statewide Trunk Logpoint Listing" (PDF). Minnesota Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2012. Retrieved December 22, 2011.

[8] Bessert, Chris. "Highways 10-19". Wisconsin Highways. Archived from the original on January 8, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2007.^{[self-published source]}

[9] Illinois Technology Transfer Center (2007). "T2 GIS Data". Illinois Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on August 17, 2004. Retrieved November 8, 2007.

[10] Indiana Department of Transportation (July 2016). Reference Post Book (PDF). Indianapolis: Indiana Department of Transportation. US 12. Retrieved August 4, 2017.

[11] Michigan Department of Transportation (2021). Next Generation PR Finder (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 11, 2021.

[12] "§ 47.17.055. State Route No. 12". Washington Revised Code. Washington State Legislature. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved January 7, 2007.

[13] "MCA 60-1-202". Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 6, 2014.

[14] Lewis & Clark in Montana (PDF) (Map). 1:1,100,000. Montana Department of Transportation. March 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 14, 2005.

[15] "31-4-132. U.S. Highway 12 from North Dakota to Minnesota". South Dakota Statutes. Archived from the original on February 13, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.

[16] Minnesota Legislature. "§161.115 Additional Trunk Highways". Minnesota Statutes. Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Archived from the original on March 7, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.

[17] Minnesota Legislature. "§161.114 Constitutional Trunk Highways". Minnesota Statutes. Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes. Archived from the original on May 9, 2007. Retrieved January 7, 2007.

[18] Bessert, Christopher J. (July 5, 2013). "US-12". Michigan Highways. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved January 19, 2014.^{[self-published source]}

[FHWA_history-19] Weingroff, Richard F. (May 7, 2005). "U.S. 12 Michigan to Washington". Highway History. Federal Highway Administration. Archived from the original on September 16, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2024.

[randmcnally-20] Rand McNally (2014). The Road Atlas (Walmart ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally. pp. 31–32, 36, 51, 55, 60–61, 77, 93, 108–109, 114–115. ISBN 978-0-528-00771-2.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Numbered Highway in the United States}}
 {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2014}}
+{{Use American English|date=March 2023}}
 {{Infobox road
-|country=USA
+| country = USA
-|type=US
+| type = US
-|route=12
+| route = 12
-|map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=290|type=line|from=U.S. Route 12.map}}
+| map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=290|type=line|from=U.S. Route 12.map}}
-|map_custom=yes
+| map_custom = yes
-|map_notes=US&nbsp;12 highlighted in red
+| map_notes = US&nbsp;12 highlighted in red
-|length_mi=2484
+| length_mi = 2482
-|length_ref={{citation needed|date=February 2018}}
+| length_ref =
+| established = {{start date|November 11, 1926}}<ref name=mcnichol74>{{cite book |last = McNichol |first = Dan |year = 2006 |title = The Roads that Built America: The Incredible Story of the US Interstate System |location = New York |publisher = Sterling |isbn = 1-4027-3468-9 |oclc = 63377558 |page = 74 }}</ref>
-|length_round=0
+| direction_b = East
-|established=1926{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}
+| direction_a = West
-|direction_b=East
+| terminus_a = {{Jct|country=USA|US|101}} at [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen, WA]]
-|direction_a=West
+| junction =
-|terminus_a={{Jct|country=USA|US|101}} at [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen, WA]]
-|junction={{plainlist|1=
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|5}} near [[Chehalis, Washington|Chehalis, WA]]
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|15}} at [[Helena, Montana|Helena, MT]]
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|29|US|81}} at [[Summit, South Dakota|Summit, SD]]
 *{{Jct|state=MN|I|35W}} at [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis, MN]]
-{{Jct|country=USA|I|35E|US|10|US|52|dab1=Minnesota}} at [[St Paul, Minnesota|St Paul, MN]]
+*{{Jct|country=USA|I|35E|US|10|US|52|dab1=Minnesota}} at [[St Paul, Minnesota|St Paul, MN]]
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|39|I|90}} at [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison, WI]]
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|55}} at [[Hodgkins, Illinois|Hodgkins, IL]]
 *{{Jct|country=USA|I|65|I|90}} at [[Gary, Indiana|Gary, IN]]
-*{{Jct|country=USA|I|69}} at [[Coldwater, Michigan|Coldwater, MI]] }}
+*{{Jct|country=USA|I|69}} at [[Coldwater, Michigan|Coldwater, MI]]
-|terminus_b=Cass Avenue in [[Detroit|Detroit, MI]]
+| terminus_b = Cass Avenue in [[Detroit|Detroit, MI]]
-|states=[[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[Idaho]], [[Montana]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], [[Michigan]]
+| states = [[Washington (state)|Washington]], [[Idaho]], [[Montana]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Minnesota]], [[Wisconsin]], [[Illinois]], [[Indiana]], [[Michigan]]
 | previous_type = US
 | previous_route = 11
@@ Line 33: / Line 33: @@
 | next_route = 13
 }}
+'''U.S. Route&nbsp;12''' or '''U.S. Highway&nbsp;12''' ('''US&nbsp;12''') is an east–west [[United States Numbered Highway]], running from [[Aberdeen, Washington]], to [[Detroit, Michigan]], for almost {{convert|2500|mi|km}}. The highway has mostly been superseded by [[Interstate&nbsp;90]] (I-90) and [[Interstate 94|I-94]], but, unlike most U.S. Highways that have been superseded by an [[Interstate Highway System|Interstate]], US&nbsp;12 remains intact as an important link for local and regional destinations. The highway's western terminus in Aberdeen is at an intersection with [[U.S. Route 101|US&nbsp;101]], while the highway's eastern terminus in [[Downtown Detroit]] is at the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues, near [[Campus Martius Park]].
-'''U.S. Route 12''' ('''US 12''') is an east–west [[United States Numbered Highways|United States highway]], running from [[Aberdeen, Washington]], to [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], for almost {{convert|2500|mi}}. The highway has mostly been superseded by [[Interstate&nbsp;90]] (I-90) and [[Interstate 94|I-94]], but unlike most U.S. routes that have been superseded by an [[Interstate Highway System|Interstate]], US 12 remains as an important link for local and regional destinations. The highway's western terminus is in [[Aberdeen, Washington]], at an intersection with [[U.S. Route 101|US 101]], while the highway's eastern terminus is in [[Downtown Detroit]], at the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues, near [[Campus Martius Park]].
 ==Route description==
-{{more citations needed section|date=May 2013}}
+{{More citations needed section|date=May 2013}}
+{{Lengths table}}
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Washington|WA]]
+|{{Convert|431<!--430.80-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite report |author=Staff |publisher=[[Washington State Department of Transportation]] |url=https://wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/roadway/pdf/HwyLog2006.pdf |title=State Highway Log |year=2006 |access-date=March 27, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080410164014/http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/TDO/PDF_and_ZIP_Files/HwyLog2006.pdf |archive-date=April 10, 2008 }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Idaho|ID]]
+|{{Convert|174<!--174.410-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite web|author=Idaho Transportation Department|author-link=Idaho Transportation Department|url=http://apps.itd.idaho.gov/apps/milepointlog/logs/usHW/US_12_MPLog.pdf|title=Milepost Log, US 12|access-date=June 3, 2017|archive-date=February 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204024509/http://apps.itd.idaho.gov/apps/milepointlog/logs/usHW/US_12_MPLog.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Montana|MT]]
+|{{Convert|598<!--597.576-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite book |author = Road Inventory and Mapping Section  |title = Montana Road Log |date = 2013 |publisher = [[Montana Department of Transportation]] |location = Helena |pages = 11–12, 19–20, 59–62, 143–144, 157–159 |url = http://www.mdt.mt.gov/publications/docs/brochures/2013_roadlog.pdf |access-date = November 27, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200101223835/http://www.mdt.mt.gov/publications/docs/brochures/2013_roadlog.pdf |archive-date = January 1, 2020 }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in North Dakota|ND]]
+|{{Convert|87<!--87.470-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite map |title=North Dakota Route and Mileage Map |url=https://www.dot.nd.gov/divisions/planning/docs/2014CDRS_Reduced.pdf |author=North Dakota Department of Transportation |author-link=North Dakota Department of Transportation |year=2014 |location=Bismarck |publisher=North Dakota Department of Transportation |access-date=August 30, 2018 |archive-date=January 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113060204/http://www.dot.nd.gov/divisions/planning/docs/2014CDRS_Reduced.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in South Dakota|SD]]
+|{{Convert|319<!--319.24-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref name="State Highway Data Viewer">{{Cite web |url=https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/bfb29217d19d4d14b8d0e7329cbfa45e |title=State Highway Data Viewer |access-date=January 18, 2024 |website=experience.arcgis.com |publisher=[[South Dakota Department of Transportation]] |language=en-US |archive-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231104232150/https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/bfb29217d19d4d14b8d0e7329cbfa45e |url-status=live }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Minnesota|MN]]
+|{{Convert|193<!--192.798-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dot.state.mn.us/roadway/data/reports/logpoint/statelpt.pdf |title=Statewide Trunk Logpoint Listing |publisher=Minnesota Department of Transportation |access-date=December 22, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914220734/http://www.dot.state.mn.us/roadway/data/reports/logpoint/statelpt.pdf |archive-date=September 14, 2012 }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Wisconsin|WI]]
+|{{Convert|339<!--339.40-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite web |last= Bessert |first= Chris |title= Highways 10-19 |work= Wisconsin Highways |url= http://www.wisconsinhighways.org/listings/WiscHwys10-19.html#US-012 |access-date= June 11, 2007 |archive-date= January 8, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080108194611/http://www.wisconsinhighways.org/listings/WiscHwys10-19.html#US-012 |url-status= live }}{{self-published source|date= January 2015}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Illinois|IL]]
+|{{Convert|85<!--85.14-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite web |author=Illinois Technology Transfer Center |url=http://www.dot.state.il.us/gist2/select.html |title=T2 GIS Data |publisher=[[Illinois Department of Transportation]] |access-date=November 8, 2007 |year=2007 |archive-date=August 17, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040817202107/http://www.dot.state.il.us/gist2/select.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Indiana|IN]]
+|{{Convert|46<!--46.258-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{INDOT ref|title=RPB-2016|access-date=August 4, 2017 |at=US 12}}</ref>
+|-
+|[[U.S. Route 12 in Michigan|MI]]
+|{{Convert|210<!--210.077-->|mi|km|disp=table}}<ref>{{cite MDOT PRFA |link = yes |access-date = August 11, 2013 }}</ref>
+|-
+|Total
+|{{Convert|2482|mi|km|disp=table}}
+|}
 ===Washington===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Washington}}
-[[File:US 12 Aberdeen downtown.jpg|thumb|Western terminus at US&nbsp;101 in [[Aberdeen, WA]]]]
+[[File:US 12 Aberdeen downtown.jpg|thumb|Western terminus at US&nbsp;101 in [[Aberdeen, Washington]]]]
-The western terminus of US&nbsp;12 is located in [[Aberdeen, Washington]]. In the 1960s, a portion of US&nbsp;12 was moved north to the town of [[Morton, Washington|Morton]], when the [[Mossyrock Dam]] was built and flooded the towns of [[Kosmos, Washington|Kosmos]] and Riffe, along the [[Cowlitz River]] in [[Lewis County, Washington|Lewis County]]. A large portion of old, two-lane US&nbsp;12 was replaced by [[Interstate 82]] (I-82) and [[Interstate 182|I-182]] in the 1980s, between [[Yakima, Washington|Yakima]] and the [[Tri-Cities, Washington|Tri-Cities]], though the freeways are still cosigned with the US&nbsp;12 designation. The old two-lane highway now bears the name ''Wine Country Road''. The highway loosely follows the eastbound leg of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]], between [[Wallula, Washington]] and [[Clarkston, Washington]], thus being marked as part of the [[Lewis and Clark Trail]]. The east end of the highway in the state is at [[Clarkston, Washington|Clarkston]], where the highway crosses the [[Snake River]] into [[Idaho]] at [[Lewiston, Idaho|Lewiston]].
+The western terminus of US&nbsp;12 is located in [[Aberdeen, Washington|Aberdeen]]. The highway loosely follows the eastbound leg of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]], between [[Wallula, Washington|Wallula]] and [[Clarkston, Washington|Clarkston]], thus being marked as part of the [[Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail]]. The east end of the highway in the state is at Clarkston, where the highway crosses the [[Snake River]] into [[Idaho]] at [[Lewiston, Idaho]].
-The Washington section of US&nbsp;12, other than a [[Concurrency (road)|concurrency]] with [[Interstate 5|I-5]], is defined at Washington Revised Code § 47.17.055.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=47.17.055 |work= Washington Revised Code |title= § 47.17.055. State Route No. 12 |publisher= Washington State Legislature}}</ref>
+The Washington section of US&nbsp;12, other than a [[Concurrency (road)|concurrency]] with [[Interstate 5|I-5]], is defined at Washington Revised Code § 47.17.055.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=47.17.055 |work= Washington Revised Code |title= § 47.17.055. State Route No. 12 |publisher= Washington State Legislature |access-date= January 7, 2007 |archive-date= May 22, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110522151803/http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=47.17.055 |url-status= live }}</ref>
 ===Idaho===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Idaho}}
-US&nbsp;12 enters the state at [[Lewiston, Idaho|Lewiston]], crossing the [[Snake River]] from [[Clarkston, Washington]]. It ascends the [[Clearwater River (Idaho)|Clearwater River]], running concurrently with [[U.S. Route 95 in Idaho|US&nbsp;95]] for {{convert|7|mi|spell=in}}. It reduces to a two-lane undivided highway with signs that read "winding road next 99 miles" and goes on to [[Orofino, Idaho|Orofino]], continuing up the middle fork of that river to [[Lowell, Idaho|Lowell]], the junction of the [[Lochsa River|Lochsa]] and [[Selway River]]s. It continues up the Lochsa and climbs to [[Lolo Pass (Idaho–Montana)|Lolo Pass]] at the [[Montana]] border. This portion of the highway is also designated as part of the [[Lewis and Clark Trail]]. Most of the highway in Idaho is within the [[Clearwater National Forest]]. The eastern section of US&nbsp;12, through remote mountain forest and up to Lolo Pass, was built in the early 1960s, making it the last [[United States Numbered Highways|US highway]] constructed. No services are available between Lowell and Powell, about {{convert|70|mi|spell=in}} further east.
+US&nbsp;12 enters the state at [[Lewiston, Idaho|Lewiston]], crossing the [[Snake River]] from [[Clarkston, Washington]]. It ascends the [[Clearwater River (Idaho)|Clearwater River]], running concurrently with [[U.S. Route 95|US&nbsp;95]] for {{convert|7|mi|km|spell=in}}. It reduces to a two-lane undivided highway with signs that read "winding road next {{Convert|99|mi|km|disp=sqbr}}" and goes on to [[Orofino, Idaho|Orofino]], continuing up the middle fork of that river to [[Lowell, Idaho|Lowell]], the junction of the [[Lochsa River|Lochsa]] and [[Selway River|Selway]] rivers. It continues up the Lochsa and climbs to [[Lolo Pass (Idaho–Montana)|Lolo Pass]] at the [[Montana]] border. This portion of the highway is also designated as part of the [[Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail]]. Most of the highway in Idaho is within [[Clearwater National Forest]]. The eastern section of US&nbsp;12, through remote mountain forest and up to Lolo Pass, was built in the early 1960s, making it the last [[U.S. Highway]] constructed. No services are available between Lowell and Powell, about {{convert|70|mi|km}} further east.
 ===Montana===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Montana}}
-[[File:Lolo Hot Springs, Lolo, MT, 2011 3.jpg|thumb|right|[[Timber truck|Logging truck]] at [[Lolo Hot Springs, Montana]]]]
+[[File:Lolo Hot Springs, Lolo, MT, 2011 3.jpg|thumb|right|[[Logging truck]] at [[Lolo Hot Springs, Montana]]]]
-US&nbsp;12 in Montana has been defined as the ''Lewis and Clark Highway'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/60/1/60-1-202.htm|title=MCA 60-1-202|access-date=October 6, 2014}}</ref> despite not being the route followed by [[Lewis and Clark]] across the state.<ref>[[Montana Department of Transportation]], [http://www.montanalewisandclark.org/whatsnew/lewis_and_clark_trail_300.pdf Lewis & Clark in Montana], March 2005</ref>
+US&nbsp;12 in Montana has been defined as the Lewis and Clark Highway<ref>{{cite web|url=http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/60/1/60-1-202.htm|title=MCA 60-1-202|access-date=October 6, 2014|archive-date=October 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006224659/http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/60/1/60-1-202.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> despite not being the route followed by [[Lewis and Clark]] across the state.<ref>{{Cite map|title=Lewis & Clark in Montana|date=March 2005|publisher=[[Montana Department of Transportation]]|scale=1:1,100,000|url=http://www.montanalewisandclark.org/whatsnew/lewis_and_clark_trail_300.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050514090203/http://www.montanalewisandclark.org/whatsnew/lewis_and_clark_trail_300.pdf|archive-date=May 14, 2005|url-status=dead|language=en-US}}</ref>
-US&nbsp;12's {{convert|592|mi}} through Montana's mountains and plains is the greatest distance that US&nbsp;12 traverses through any state. The highway enters Montana at [[Lolo Pass (Idaho–Montana)|Lolo Pass]], {{convert|7|mi|spell=in}} southwest of [[Lolo Hot Springs, Montana|Lolo Hot Springs]] in the [[Lolo National Forest]]. After passing [[Lolo Peak]] to the south and traveling east for {{convert|33|mi}}, it meets with [[U.S. Route 93|US&nbsp;93]] at [[Lolo, Montana|Lolo]] and continues as a [[concurrency (road)|concurrency]] northeast for {{convert|7.5|mi}}, where US&nbsp;93 heads due north on Reserve Street, toward [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]]. US&nbsp;12 continues northeast through [[Missoula]]'s downtown, eventually meeting [[Interstate 90|I-90]]. It then overlaps I-90 for {{convert|69|mi}}, until [[Garrison, Montana|Garrison]], where it heads east toward [[Helena, Montana|Helena]] for {{convert|48.8|mi}}. This two-lane section of the trip passes through Avon and [[Elliston, Montana|Elliston]] winding through the [[Helena National Forest]], over the [[Continental Divide of the Americas|Continental Divide]] at [[MacDonald Pass]], and then through Montana's capital city, [[Helena, Montana|Helena]]. US&nbsp;12 passes over [[Interstate 15|I-15]] at which, point it joins [[U.S. Route 287|US&nbsp;287]] south. US&nbsp;12 overlaps US&nbsp;287 and heads southeast, toward [[Townsend, Montana|Townsend]] for {{convert|33.4|mi}}, where it splits from US&nbsp;287, which heads south for {{convert|30|mi}} toward the intersection of I-90 near the town of [[Three Forks, Montana|Three Forks]]. US&nbsp;12 heads east toward [[White Sulphur Springs, Montana|White Sulphur Springs]] for {{convert|42.2|mi}}. The route joins [[U.S. Route 89|US&nbsp;89]] for {{convert|8.4|mi}} before entering White Sulphur Springs, and for another {{convert|3.0|mi}} east of town. US&nbsp;89 splits north and US&nbsp;12 continues east on its own for {{convert|233|mi}}, until the junction with [[Interstate 94|I-94]] at [[Forsyth, Montana|Forsyth]] as a concurrency northeast for {{convert|45.8|mi}}, to [[Miles City, Montana|Miles City]]. At the east exit for Miles City, US&nbsp;12 splits again from I-94 and heads almost directly east to the North Dakota border at a distance of {{convert|92.4|mi}}.
+US&nbsp;12's {{convert|598|mi|km}} through Montana's mountains and plains is the greatest distance that US&nbsp;12 traverses through any state. The highway enters Montana at [[Lolo Pass (Idaho–Montana)|Lolo Pass]], {{convert|7|mi|km|spell=in}} southwest of [[Lolo Hot Springs, Montana|Lolo Hot Springs]] in [[Lolo National Forest]]. After passing [[Lolo Peak]] to the south and traveling east for {{convert|33|mi|km}}, it meets with [[U.S. Route 93|US&nbsp;93]] at [[Lolo, Montana|Lolo]] and continues as a [[concurrency (road)|concurrency]] northeast for {{convert|7.5|mi|km}}, where US&nbsp;93 heads due north on Reserve Street, toward [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]]. US&nbsp;12 continues northeast through [[Missoula, Montana|Missoula]]'s downtown, eventually meeting [[Interstate 90|I-90]]. It then overlaps I-90 for {{convert|69|mi|km}} until [[Garrison, Montana|Garrison]], where it heads east toward [[Helena, Montana|Helena]] for {{convert|48.8|mi|km}}. This two-lane section of the trip passes through Avon and [[Elliston, Montana|Elliston]] winding through [[Helena National Forest]], over the [[Continental Divide]] at [[MacDonald Pass]], and then through Montana's capital city, [[Helena, Montana|Helena]]. US&nbsp;12 passes over [[Interstate 15|I-15]], at which point it joins [[U.S. Route 287|US&nbsp;287]] south. US&nbsp;12 overlaps US&nbsp;287 and heads southeast, toward [[Townsend, Montana|Townsend]] for {{convert|33.4|mi|km}}, where it splits from US&nbsp;287, which heads south for {{convert|30|mi|km}} toward the intersection of I-90 near the town of [[Three Forks, Montana|Three Forks]]. US&nbsp;12 heads east toward [[White Sulphur Springs, Montana|White Sulphur Springs]] for {{convert|42.2|mi|km}}. The route joins [[U.S. Route 89|US&nbsp;89]] for {{convert|8.4|mi|km}} before entering White Sulphur Springs and for another {{convert|3|mi|km|spell=in}} east of town. US&nbsp;89 splits north and US&nbsp;12 continues east on its own for {{convert|233|mi|km}}, until the junction with [[Interstate 94|I-94]] at [[Forsyth, Montana|Forsyth]] as a concurrency northeast for {{convert|45.8|mi|km}}, to [[Miles City, Montana|Miles City]]. At the east exit for Miles City, US&nbsp;12 splits again from I-94 and heads almost directly east to the North Dakota border at a distance of {{convert|92.4|mi|km}}.
 ===North Dakota===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in North Dakota}}
-US&nbsp;12 is a two-lane undivided highway that runs {{convert|87.47|mi}}, through [[Adams County, North Dakota|Adams]], [[Bowman County, North Dakota|Bowman]] and [[Slope County, North Dakota|Slope]] counties in southwest North Dakota. The speed limit is {{convert|65|mph|round=5}} on rural segments, with slower posted speeds within the cities of [[Marmarth, North Dakota|Marmarth]], [[Rhame, North Dakota|Rhame]], [[Bowman, North Dakota|Bowman]], [[Scranton, North Dakota|Scranton]] and [[Hettinger, North Dakota|Hettinger]]. US&nbsp;12 meets with [[U.S. Route 85|US&nbsp;85]] in Bowman, and the routes are [[concurrency (road)|concurrent]] for a short distance through the city.
+US&nbsp;12 is a two-lane undivided highway that runs {{convert|87.47|mi|km}}, through [[Adams County, North Dakota|Adams]], [[Bowman County, North Dakota|Bowman]], and [[Slope County, North Dakota|Slope]] counties in southwest North Dakota. The speed limit is {{convert|65|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} on rural segments, with slower posted speeds within the cities of [[Marmarth, North Dakota|Marmarth]], [[Rhame, North Dakota|Rhame]], [[Bowman, North Dakota|Bowman]], [[Scranton, North Dakota|Scranton]], and [[Hettinger, North Dakota|Hettinger]]. US&nbsp;12 meets with [[U.S. Route 85|US&nbsp;85]] in Bowman, and the routes are [[concurrency (road)|concurrent]] for a short distance through the city.
 ===South Dakota===
+{{Main|U.S. Route 12 in South Dakota}}
-US&nbsp;12 enters South Dakota from North Dakota as a rural two lane highway about {{convert|10|mi}} west/northwest of [[Lemmon, South Dakota|Lemmon]] before entering the [[Standing Rock Indian Reservation|Standing Rock Reservation]]. For approximately the next {{convert|70|mi}}, US&nbsp;12 runs parallel to the border of North Dakota, sometimes within less than a mile. At [[Walker, South Dakota|Walker]], US&nbsp;12 heads southeast for {{convert|37|mi}}, where it crosses the [[Missouri River]] at [[Mobridge, South Dakota|Mobridge]], exiting the reservation. From there it continues east for {{convert|18|mi}}, until it meets with [[U.S. Route 83|US&nbsp;83]] near [[Selby, South Dakota|Selby]]. It overlaps US&nbsp;83 for {{convert|7|mi}}. After leaving US&nbsp;83, it turns due east and spends about {{convert|80|mi}} as a rural two-lane highway again. A few miles before reaching [[Aberdeen, South Dakota|Aberdeen]], it becomes an at-grade expressway. After the junction with [[U.S. Route 281|US&nbsp;281]], it goes back to being two lanes for a few miles through Aberdeen and past the [[Aberdeen Regional Airport]], before once again becoming a four-lane expressway, until {{convert|2|mi|spell=in}} before [[Waubay, South Dakota|Waubay]]. East of Waubay it becomes again an at-grade expressway until it meets with [[Interstate 29|I-29]] near [[Summit, South Dakota|Summit]]. The speed limit from Aberdeen to I-29 is {{convert|70|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}} except through the communities of [[Groton, South Dakota|Groton]], [[Webster, South Dakota|Webster]] and Waubay. From there it heads southeast {{convert|22|mi}}, until [[Milbank, South Dakota|Milbank]]. At Milbank, it continues east for 12 miles, until it crosses into [[Minnesota]] at [[Big Stone City, South Dakota|Big Stone City]], just south of [[Big Stone Lake]]. The South Dakota section of US&nbsp;12 is legally defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31 April 132.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://legis.state.sd.us/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=31-4-132 |title= 31-4-132. U.S. Highway 12 from North Dakota to Minnesota |work= South Dakota Statutes}}</ref>
+US&nbsp;12 enters South Dakota from North Dakota as a rural two-lane highway about {{convert|10|mi|km}} west-northwest of [[Lemmon, South Dakota|Lemmon]] before entering the [[Standing Rock Indian Reservation]]. For approximately the next {{convert|70|mi|km}}, US&nbsp;12 runs parallel to the border of North Dakota, sometimes within less than {{One2a|{{convert|1|mi|km|spell=in}}}}. At [[Walker, South Dakota|Walker]], US&nbsp;12 heads southeast for {{convert|37|mi|km}}, where it crosses the [[Missouri River]] at [[Mobridge, South Dakota|Mobridge]], exiting the reservation. From there, it continues east for {{convert|18|mi|km}}, until it meets with [[U.S. Route 83|US&nbsp;83]] near [[Selby, South Dakota|Selby]]. It overlaps US&nbsp;83 for {{convert|7|mi|km|spell=in}}. After leaving US&nbsp;83, it turns due east and spends about {{convert|80|mi|km}} as a rural two-lane highway again. A few miles before reaching [[Aberdeen, South Dakota|Aberdeen]], it becomes an at-grade expressway. After the junction with [[U.S. Route 281|US&nbsp;281]], it goes back to being two lanes for a few miles through Aberdeen and past [[Aberdeen Regional Airport]], before once again becoming a four-lane expressway, until {{convert|2|mi|km|spell=in}} before [[Waubay, South Dakota|Waubay]]. East of Waubay, it becomes again an at-grade expressway until it meets with [[Interstate 29|I-29]] near [[Summit, South Dakota|Summit]]. The speed limit from Aberdeen to I-29 is {{convert|70|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} except through the communities of [[Groton, South Dakota|Groton]], [[Webster, South Dakota|Webster]], and Waubay. From there, it heads southeast {{convert|22|mi|km}} until [[Milbank, South Dakota|Milbank]]. At Milbank, it continues east for {{Convert|12|mi|km}}, until it crosses into [[Minnesota]] at [[Big Stone City, South Dakota|Big Stone City]], just south of [[Big Stone Lake]]. The South Dakota section of US&nbsp;12 is legally defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31 April 132.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://legis.state.sd.us/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=31-4-132 |title= 31-4-132. U.S. Highway 12 from North Dakota to Minnesota |work= South Dakota Statutes |access-date= January 7, 2007 |archive-date= February 13, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070213122942/http://legis.state.sd.us/statutes/DisplayStatute.aspx?Type=Statute&Statute=31-4-132 |url-status= live }}</ref>
 ===Minnesota===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Minnesota}}
-From the South Dakota–Minnesota state line at [[Ortonville, Minnesota|Ortonville]], to [[Wayzata, Minnesota|Wayzata]], US&nbsp;12 is mostly a rural two-lane highway with a {{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=on|round=5}} speed limit, with slower speed limits through towns and a four-lane surface arterial segment through the city of [[Willmar, Minnesota|Willmar]]. From western Wayzata to [[Interstate 394]] in [[Minnetonka, Minnesota|Minnetonka]], US&nbsp;12 is a six-lane freeway. East of [[Interstate 494|I-494]], US&nbsp;12 is invisibly [[Concurrency (road)|concurrent]] with I-394 and [[Interstate 94|I-94]] through [[Minneapolis, Minnesota|Minneapolis]] and [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|St. Paul]] to the Minnesota–Wisconsin state line at [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]].
+From the South Dakota–Minnesota state line at [[Ortonville, Minnesota|Ortonville]] to [[Wayzata, Minnesota|Wayzata]], US&nbsp;12 is mostly a rural two-lane highway with a {{convert|60|mph|km/h|adj=on}} speed limit, with slower speed limits through towns and a four-lane surface arterial segment through the city of [[Willmar, Minnesota|Willmar]]. From western Wayzata to [[Interstate 394|I-394]] in [[Minnetonka, Minnesota|Minnetonka]], US&nbsp;12 is a six-lane freeway. East of [[Interstate 494|I-494]], US&nbsp;12 is invisibly [[Concurrency (road)|concurrent]] with I-394 and [[Interstate 94|I-94]] through [[Minneapolis]] and [[Saint Paul, Minnesota|Saint Paul]] to the Minnesota–Wisconsin state line at [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]].
-The Minnesota section of US&nbsp;12 is defined as Routes 149, 26, and 10 in Minnesota Statutes §§ 161.115(80) and 161.114(2).<ref>{{cite web |author= Minnesota Legislature |url= http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.115 |work= Minnesota Statutes |title= §161.115 Additional Trunk Highways |publisher= Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= Minnesota Legislature |url= http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.114 |work= Minnesota Statutes |title= §161.114 Constitutional Trunk Highways |publisher= Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes }}</ref>
+The Minnesota section of US&nbsp;12 is defined as Routes 149, 26, and 10 in Minnesota Statutes §§ 161.115(80) and 161.114(2).<ref>{{cite web |author= Minnesota Legislature |url= http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.115 |work= Minnesota Statutes |title= §161.115 Additional Trunk Highways |publisher= Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes |access-date= January 7, 2007 |archive-date= March 7, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070307165851/http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.115 |url-status= live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author= Minnesota Legislature |url= http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.114 |work= Minnesota Statutes |title= §161.114 Constitutional Trunk Highways |publisher= Minnesota Office of the Revisor of Statutes |access-date= January 7, 2007 |archive-date= May 9, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070509090643/http://ros.leg.mn/bin/getpub.php?pubtype=STAT_CHAP_SEC&year=2006&section=161.114 |url-status= live }}</ref>
 ===Wisconsin===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Wisconsin}}
+[[File:Tomah looking south from I-94.jpg|thumb|US&nbsp;12 through [[Tomah, Wisconsin]], looking south from [[Interstate 94|I-94]]]]
-US&nbsp;12 crosses the [[St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)|St. Croix River]] from [[Lakeland, Minnesota]], into [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]], running concurrently with I-94 before splitting just east of the city. It mainly follows a similar path to I-94 to the north, before crossing under I-94 into downtown [[Menomonie, Wisconsin|Menomonie]] before continuing in an easterly direction through [[Eau Claire, Wisconsin|Eau Claire]]. In [[Fall Creek, Wisconsin|Fall Creek]], US&nbsp;12 turns southeasterly towards [[Fairchild, Wisconsin|Fairchild]], it then runs concurrently with [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]] going east for just {{convert|2.5|mi|km}} before returning to its course southeast bound. US&nbsp;12 eventually recrosses I-94 into [[Black River Falls, Wisconsin|Black River Falls]] then parallels I-94 in a southeastward direction. US&nbsp;12 also runs through [[Millston, Wisconsin|Millston]] and [[Kirby, Wisconsin|Kirby]]. Afterwards it turns directly south to [[Tomah, Wisconsin|Tomah]], where it becomes North Superior Avenue. It alternates between a four-lane and two-lane road on its way through downtown. It then turns east for {{convert|4.5|mi|km}}, then parallels I-90/I-94 through [[Camp Douglas, Wisconsin|Camp Douglas]], [[New Lisbon, Wisconsin|New Lisbon]], [[Mauston, Wisconsin|Mauston]], and [[Lyndon Station, Wisconsin|Lyndon Station]] before crossing under the pair of Interstates into downtown [[Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin|Wisconsin Dells]]. US&nbsp;12 turns south to [[Baraboo, Wisconsin|Baraboo]] and runs along the western edge of [[Devil's Lake State Park (Wisconsin)|Devils Lake State Park]]. In [[Sauk City, Wisconsin|Sauk City]], US&nbsp;12 turns southeast towards [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] and runs along the city's western and southern edges. Here it becomes a four- to six-lane freeway with [[U.S. Route 14|US&nbsp;14]] and [[U.S. Route 18|US&nbsp;18]] known by the locals as "The Beltline". On the southeast side of the city it crosses I-39/I-90 towards [[Cambridge, Wisconsin|Cambridge]]. It turns southeast here at runs through [[Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin|Fort Atkinson]] and [[Whitewater, Wisconsin|Whitewater]]. In [[Elkhorn, Wisconsin|Elkhorn]], US&nbsp;12 becomes a four-lane freeway with a {{convert|70|mph|km/h|adj=on}} speed limit. It returns to a two-lane road at the Wisconsin–Illinois state line at [[Genoa City, Wisconsin|Genoa City]].
+US&nbsp;12 crosses the [[St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)|St. Croix River]] from [[Lakeland, Minnesota]], into [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]], running concurrently with I-94 before splitting just east of the city. It mainly follows a similar path to I-94 to the north, before crossing under I-94 into downtown [[Menomonie, Wisconsin|Menomonie]] before continuing in an easterly direction through [[Eau Claire, Wisconsin|Eau Claire]]. In [[Fall Creek, Wisconsin|Fall Creek]], US&nbsp;12 turns southeasterly toward [[Fairchild, Wisconsin|Fairchild]], it then runs concurrently with [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]] going east for just {{convert|2.5|mi|km}} before returning to its course southeast bound. US&nbsp;12 eventually recrosses I-94 into [[Black River Falls, Wisconsin|Black River Falls]] and then parallels I-94 in a southeastward direction. US&nbsp;12 also runs through [[Millston, Wisconsin|Millston]] and [[Kirby, Wisconsin|Kirby]]. Afterward, it turns directly south to [[Tomah, Wisconsin|Tomah]], where it becomes North Superior Avenue. It alternates between a four- and two-lane road on its way through downtown. It then turns east for {{convert|4.5|mi|km}}, then parallels I-90/I-94 through [[Camp Douglas, Wisconsin|Camp Douglas]], [[New Lisbon, Wisconsin|New Lisbon]], [[Mauston, Wisconsin|Mauston]], and [[Lyndon Station, Wisconsin|Lyndon Station]] before crossing under the pair of Interstates into downtown [[Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin|Wisconsin Dells]]. US&nbsp;12 turns south to [[Baraboo, Wisconsin|Baraboo]] and runs along the western edge of [[Devil's Lake State Park (Wisconsin)|Devil's Lake State Park]]. In [[Sauk City, Wisconsin|Sauk City]], US&nbsp;12 turns southeast toward [[Madison, Wisconsin|Madison]] and runs along the city's western and southern edges. Here, it becomes a four- to eight-lane freeway with [[U.S. Route 14|US&nbsp;14]] and [[U.S. Route 18|US&nbsp;18]] known by the locals as "The Beltline". On the southeast side of the city, it crosses [[Interstate 39|I-39]]/I-90 toward [[Cambridge, Wisconsin|Cambridge]]. It turns southeast here and runs through [[Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin|Fort Atkinson]] and [[Whitewater, Wisconsin|Whitewater]]. In [[Elkhorn, Wisconsin|Elkhorn]], US&nbsp;12 becomes a four-lane freeway with a {{convert|70|mph|km/h|adj=on}} speed limit. It returns to a two-lane road at the Wisconsin–Illinois state line at [[Genoa City, Wisconsin|Genoa City]].
 ===Illinois===
@@ Line 79: / Line 115: @@
 In [[Illinois]], US&nbsp;12 is an arterial surface road that runs from [[Richmond, Illinois|Richmond]], southeast to [[Des Plaines, Illinois|Des Plaines]]. It then turns due south, continuing through the [[Chicago metropolitan area]], joining with [[U.S. Route 45|US&nbsp;45]]. In [[Stone Park, Illinois|Stone Park]], [[U.S. Route 20|US&nbsp;20]] joins US&nbsp;12/US&nbsp;45. In [[Hickory Hills, Illinois|Hickory Hills]], US&nbsp;45 continues south, while US&nbsp;12/US&nbsp;20 runs due east along 95th Street in the southwest suburbs. From Hickory Hills, US&nbsp;12/US&nbsp;20 runs east nearly to the [[Lake Michigan]] lakefront and then joins with [[U.S. Route 41|US&nbsp;41]], as all three routes travel southeast into the state of Indiana.
-US&nbsp;12 is referred to as Rand Road in Chicago's northwest suburbs. Rand is an original name for the area around [[Des Plaines, Illinois]], the location where the road resumes its westerly direction. South of Des Plaines, US&nbsp;12 follows [[Mannheim Road]], La Grange Road, and then [[95th Street (Chicago)|95th Street]], before merging with US&nbsp;41 on Ewing and Indianapolis Avenues toward the Indiana state line.
+US&nbsp;12 is referred to as Rand Road in Chicago's northwest suburbs. Rand is an original name for the area around Des Plaines, the location where the road resumes its westerly direction. South of Des Plaines, US&nbsp;12 follows [[Mannheim Road]], La Grange Road, and then [[95th Street (Chicago)|95th Street]], before merging with US&nbsp;41 on Ewing and Indianapolis avenues toward the Indiana state line.
 ===Indiana===
@@ Line 87: / Line 123: @@
 ===Michigan===
 {{Main|U.S. Route 12 in Michigan}}
-US&nbsp;12 is now the only U.S. Highway still serving downtown Detroit, whose [[Grid plan|street grid]] was laid by [[Augustus B. Woodward]], to have a five-way intersection of the roads that would become US&nbsp;12, [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]], [[U.S. Route 16|US&nbsp;16]], [[U.S. Route 112|US&nbsp;112]] and [[U.S. Route 25|US&nbsp;25]]. [[U.S. Route 24|US&nbsp;24]] still travels through Detroit from Puritan to [[M-102 (Michigan highway)|8 Mile Road]] on the far west side.
+US&nbsp;12 is now the only U.S. Highway still serving Downtown Detroit, whose [[street grid]] was laid by [[Augustus B. Woodward]], to have a five-way intersection of the roads that would become US&nbsp;12, [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]], [[U.S. Route 16|US&nbsp;16]], [[U.S. Route 112|US&nbsp;112]] and [[U.S. Route 25|US&nbsp;25]]. [[U.S. Route 24|US&nbsp;24]] still travels through Detroit from Puritan to 8&nbsp;Mile Road ([[M-102 (Michigan highway)|M-102]]) on the far west side.
-As from the earliest days of its existence, US&nbsp;12 enters Michigan from Indiana, southwest of [[New Buffalo, Michigan|New Buffalo]] and continues to the old junction of US&nbsp;12 and US&nbsp;112 in New Buffalo. It is now assigned between New Buffalo and Detroit (except through Ypsilanti), along what was US&nbsp;112 until 1962.
+As from the earliest days of its existence, US&nbsp;12 enters Michigan from Indiana, southwest of [[New Buffalo, Michigan|New Buffalo]], and continues to the old junction of US&nbsp;12 and US&nbsp;112 in New Buffalo. It is now assigned between New Buffalo and Detroit (except through Ypsilanti), along what was US&nbsp;112 until 1962.
-On May 4, 2004, the [[Michigan Department of Transportation]] (MDOT) designated {{convert|209|mi|km}} of US&nbsp;12 from New Buffalo to Detroit as a [[Pure Michigan Byway|Historic Heritage Route]]. The east–west corridor traverses the counties of Berrien, Cass, St. Joseph, Branch, Hillsdale, Lenawee, Washtenaw and Wayne.
+On May 4, 2004, the [[Michigan Department of Transportation]] (MDOT) designated {{convert|209|mi|km}} of US&nbsp;12 from New Buffalo to Detroit as a [[Michigan Heritage Route]]. The east–west corridor traverses the counties of [[Berrien County, Michigan|Berrien]], [[Cass County, Michigan|Cass]], [[St. Joseph County, Michigan|St. Joseph]], [[Branch County, Michigan|Branch]], [[Hillsdale County, Michigan|Hillsdale]], [[Lenawee County, Michigan|Lenawee]], [[Washtenaw County, Michigan|Washtenaw]], and [[Wayne County, Michigan|Wayne]].
 ==History==
-Since the highway's creation in 1926, the eastern terminus has always remained within a few blocks of [[Campus Martius Park|Cadillac Square]] in downtown [[Detroit, Michigan]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.michiganhighways.org/listings/US&nbsp;012.html |title= US&nbsp;12 |work= Michigan Highways |publisher= Self-published |last=Bessert |first= Christopher J. |date= July 5, 2013 |access-date= January 19, 2014}}{{self-published source|failed=y|date=January 2014}}</ref>{{self-published inline|failed=y|date=January 2014}}
+Since the highway's creation in 1926, the eastern terminus has always remained within a few blocks of [[Cadillac Square]] in [[Downtown Detroit, Michigan]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Bessert |first=Christopher J. |date=July 5, 2013 |title=US-12 |url=http://www.michiganhighways.org/listings/US-012.html |access-date=January 19, 2014 |work=Michigan Highways |language=en-US |archive-date=December 19, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219064358/http://michiganhighways.org/listings/US-012.html |url-status=live }}{{self-published source|failed=y|date=January 2014}}</ref>{{self-published inline|failed=y|date=January 2014}}
-* 1926: [[Campus Martius Park|Cadillac Square]] at the convergence with [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]], [[U.S. Route 16|US&nbsp;16]], [[U.S. Route 25|US&nbsp;25]] and [[U.S. Route 112|US&nbsp;112]]; US&nbsp;12 ran along Grand River. The original ending was at [[Miles City, Montana]].
+* 1926: Cadillac Square at the convergence with [[U.S. Route 10|US&nbsp;10]], [[U.S. Route 16|US&nbsp;16]], [[U.S. Route 25|US&nbsp;25]], and [[U.S. Route 112|US&nbsp;112]]; US&nbsp;12 ran along Grand River. The original ending was at [[Miles City, Montana]].
-* 1939: The [[American Association of State Highway Officials]] (then AASHO, now AASHTO) approved a request to extend US&nbsp;12 to [[Yellowstone National Park]].
+* 1939: The [[American Association of State Highway Officials]] (AASHO) approved a request to extend US&nbsp;12 to [[Yellowstone National Park]].
-* 1956: US&nbsp;12 was rerouted along the [[M-10 (Michigan highway)|Lodge Freeway]], ending on Jefferson; the terminus moved four blocks southeast, to the corner of [[M-1 (Michigan highway)|Woodward Avenue]] (US&nbsp;10) and [[Jefferson Avenue (Detroit)|Jefferson Avenue]].
+* 1956: US&nbsp;12 was rerouted along the Lodge Freeway ([[M-10 (Michigan highway)|M-10]]), ending on [[Jefferson Avenue (Detroit)|Jefferson Avenue]]; the terminus moved four blocks southeast, to the corner of Woodward Avenue ([[M-1 (Michigan highway)|M-1]]/US&nbsp;10) and Jefferson Avenue.
 * 1959: Extended to [[Missoula, Montana]].
-* 1962: After I-94 was completed across Michigan, it was no longer co-signed with US&nbsp;12.  The US&nbsp;12 route designation was moved to the former route of US&nbsp;112, which was decommissioned. US&nbsp;12 now runs along Michigan Avenue and again ends at Cadillac Square. It was extended to [[Lewiston, Idaho]].
+* 1962: After I-94 was completed across Michigan, it was no longer cosigned with US&nbsp;12. The US&nbsp;12 route designation was moved to the former route of US&nbsp;112, which was decommissioned. US&nbsp;12 now runs along Michigan Avenue and again ends at Cadillac Square. It was extended to [[Lewiston, Idaho]].
-*1967: Extended to [[Aberdeen, Washington]], to its present terminus at [[U.S. Route 101]].
+*1967: Extended to [[Aberdeen, Washington]], to its present terminus at [[U.S. Route 101|US&nbsp;101]].
-* 1970: US&nbsp;10 was rerouted from Woodward to the Lodge Freeway and Jefferson.  At this time US&nbsp;12 was apparently extended along Woodward, to again terminate with US&nbsp;10 at Woodward and Jefferson, though with the designations flip-flopped from their 1956 routing.
+* 1970: US&nbsp;10 was rerouted from Woodward to the Lodge Freeway and Jefferson Avenue. At this time US&nbsp;12 was apparently extended along Woodward, to again terminate with US&nbsp;10 at Woodward and Jefferson avenues, though with the designations flipflopped from their 1956 routing.
-* 2001: The City of Detroit and the [[Michigan Department of Transportation]], in a series of jurisdictional transfers, moved the terminus back four blocks, to again be at Cadillac Square.
+* 2001: The City of Detroit and [[Michigan Department of Transportation|MDOT]], in a series of jurisdictional transfers, moved the terminus back four blocks, to again be at Cadillac Square.
-* 2005: In another transfer, the US&nbsp;12 terminus is truncated another four blocks, to end at the [[Patrick V. McNamara Federal Building]], on the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues.
+* 2005: In another transfer, the US&nbsp;12 terminus was truncated another four blocks, to end at the [[Patrick V. McNamara Federal Building]], on the corner of Michigan and Cass avenues.
-The western terminus was gradually extended westward, until it reached the [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/us12.htm |title= US&nbsp;12 Michigan to Washington |work= Highway History |publisher= Federal Highway Administration |last= Weingroff |first= Richard F. |date= May 7, 2005}}</ref>
+The western terminus was gradually extended westward, until it reached the [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref name="FHWA history">{{cite web |last=Weingroff |first=Richard F. |date=May 7, 2005 |title=U.S. 12 Michigan to Washington |url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/us12.cfm |access-date=January 20, 2024 |work=Highway History |publisher=[[Federal Highway Administration]] |language=en-US |archive-date=September 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130916063232/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/us12.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ===Former ferry crossing===
-In 1925, US&nbsp;12 in Michigan was originally proposed to run from Detroit to [[Ludington, Michigan|Ludington]], across [[Lake Michigan]], via the [[Pere Marquette Railway#Car ferries|Pere Marquette Railway car ferry]] to [[Manitowoc, Wisconsin]], and then continuing into Wisconsin, on what later became US&nbsp;10, in those two states.  The 1974 "Golden Anniversary Celebration" reprint of the 1926 Rand McNally Road Atlas shows US 12 following what later became the route of US 10 through Michigan, from Detroit, through Flint, Saginaw, Midland, and Clare on its way to Ludington.
+In 1925, US&nbsp;12 in Michigan was originally proposed to run from Detroit to [[Ludington, Michigan|Ludington]], across [[Lake Michigan]], via the [[Pere Marquette Railway car ferry]] to [[Manitowoc, Wisconsin]], and then continuing into Wisconsin, on what later became US&nbsp;10, in those two states. The 1974 "Golden Anniversary Celebration" reprint of the 1926 Rand McNally Road Atlas shows US&nbsp;12 following what later became the route of US&nbsp;10 through Michigan, from Detroit, through Flint, Saginaw, Midland, and Clare on its way to Ludington.
+===Routing changes and proposals===
-===Wyoming===
+US&nbsp;12 was proposed to enter [[Wyoming]] on the current route of [[U.S. Route 212|US&nbsp;212]] from [[Mammoth Hot Springs, Wyoming|Mammoth Hot Springs]] to a point northwest of [[Clark, Wyoming|Clark]] before its route in Montana was rerouted.<ref name="FHWA history"/> It was also proposed to enter [[Oregon]] on the current route of [[U.S. Route 730|US&nbsp;730]] from east-southeast of [[Boardman, Oregon|Boardman]] to a point northeast of [[Cold Springs, Oregon|Cold Springs]], but that was canceled.<ref name="FHWA history"/>
-US&nbsp;12 originally went into [[Wyoming]], before being rerouted into Montana and was proposed to go into [[Oregon]], but did not.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
+In the 1960s, a portion of US&nbsp;12 in Western Washington was moved north to the town of [[Morton, Washington|Morton]], when [[Mossyrock Dam]] was built on the [[Cowlitz River]] in [[Lewis County, Washington|Lewis County]]. A large portion of old, two-lane US&nbsp;12 in the [[Yakima River Valley|Yakima Valley]] was replaced by [[Interstate 82|I-82]] and [[Interstate 182|I-182]] in the 1980s, between [[Yakima, Washington|Yakima]] and the [[Tri-Cities, Washington|Tri-Cities]], though the freeways are still cosigned with the US&nbsp;12 designation. The old two-lane highway now bears the name Wine Country Road.
 ==Major intersections==
@@ Line 191: / Line 229: @@
 :{{jct|country=USA|I|94}} in Dearborn
 :Cass Avenue in [[Detroit]]
-<ref name=randmcnally>{{cite book |author = Rand McNally |year = 2014 |title = The Road Atlas |edition = Walmart |location = Chicago |publisher = Rand McNally |pages = 31-32, 36, 51, 55, 60-61, 77, 93, 108-109, 114-115|isbn = 0-528-00771-8}}</ref>
+<ref name=randmcnally>{{cite book |author = Rand McNally |year = 2014 |title = The Road Atlas |edition = Walmart |location = Chicago |publisher = Rand McNally |pages = 31–32, 36, 51, 55, 60–61, 77, 93, 108–109, 114–115|isbn = 978-0-528-00771-2}}</ref>
 ==See also==
 * {{Portal-inline|U.S. Roads}}
 * [[U.S. Route 410]]
+* [[Special routes of U.S. Route 12]]
-{{Clear}}
-==Notes==
-{{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 206: / Line 241: @@
 ==External links==
 {{Attached KML|display=title,inline}}
-*{{Commons category-inline|U.S. Route 12}}
+* {{Commons category-inline|U.S. Route 12}}
-*[http://usends.com/12.html Endpoints of US highway 12]
+* [http://usends.com/12.html Endpoints of US highway 12]
-{{US Highways}}
+{{U.S. Routes}}
 {{US 12}}
-{{start srbox}}
-{{mt browse|previous_type=MT|previous_route=10|route=[[List of Montana numbered highways|MT]]|next_type=MT|next_route=13}}
-{{nd browse|previous_type=ND|previous_route=11|route=[[List of North Dakota numbered highways|ND]]|next_type=ND|next_route=13}}
-{{sd browse|previous_type=SD|previous_route=11|route=[[List of South Dakota numbered highways|SD]]|next_type=SD|next_route=12}}
-{{wy browse|previous_type=WY|previous_route=11|route=[[State highways in Wyoming|WY]]|next_type=WY|next_route=12}}
-{{s-end}}
 {{Authority control}}

v t e United States Numbered Highway System
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 87 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 101 163 400 412 425
Mainline highways Divided routes Special routes
Routes in italics are no longer a part of the system. Highlighted routes are considered main routes of the system.

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	United States