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Coordinates: Sky map 18h 08m 02s, −43° 53′ 00″
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{{Short description|Globular cluster in the constellation Corona Australis}}
{{Short description|Globular cluster in the constellation Corona Australis}}
{{Infobox globular cluster
{{Infobox globular cluster
| name = [[New General Catalogue|NGC]] 6541
| name = NGC 6541
| image = Caldwell 78 (50291821361).jpg
| image = Caldwell 78 (50291821361).jpg
| caption = NGC 6541, imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
| caption = NGC 6541, imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
| class = III<ref name=hcob849_11/>
| class = III<ref name=hcob849_11/>
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| epoch = [[J2000]]
| constellation = [[Corona Australis]]
| ra = {{RA|18|08|02.36}}<ref name=aj140_6_1830/>
| dec = {{DEC|–43|42|53.6}}<ref name=aj140_6_1830/>
| ra = {{RA|18|08|02.36}}<ref name=aj140_6_1830/>
| dist_ly = {{Convert|22.8|kly|kpc|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=aj139_2_476/>
| dec = {{DEC|–43|42|53.6}}<ref name=aj140_6_1830/>
| dist_ly = {{cvt|7.6|±|0.1|kpc|kly|1|order=flip|lk=on}}<ref name=Baumgardt_Vasiliev_2021/>
| appmag_v = 6.3
| appmag_v = 6.3<ref name=O'Meara_2011/>
| size_v = 15&prime;
| size_v = {{val|15|u=arcminute}}<ref name=O'Meara_2011/>
| absmag_v = -8.52
| mass_msol = {{Val|5.72|e=5}}<ref name=apj742_1_51/>
| absmag_v =
| mass_msol = {{Val|5.72|e=5}}<ref name=apj742_1_51/>
| metal_fe = –1.53<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| metal_fe = –1.53<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| age = 12.93&nbsp;[[Gigayear|Gyr]]<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| age = 12.93&nbsp;[[Gigayear|Gyr]]<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/>
| names = [[New General Catalogue|NGC]] 6541, [[Caldwell catalogue|Caldwell]] 78<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| constellation = [[Corona Australis]]
| names = [[Caldwell catalogue|Caldwell]] 78
}}
}}


'''NGC 6541''' (also known as '''Caldwell 78''') is a [[globular cluster]] in the southern constellation of [[Corona Australis]]. It is estimated to be around 14 billion years old.<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Meara|first=Stephen James|title=Deep-Sky Companions: The Secret Deep|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|location=Cambridge, United Kingdom|date=2011|page=322|isbn=978-0521198769|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v859bKO0A4gC&pg=PA322}}</ref>
'''NGC 6541''' (also known as '''Caldwell 78''') is a [[globular cluster]] of stars in the southern [[constellation]] of [[Corona Australis]]. The globular cluster was discovered by [[Niccolò Cacciatore]] at the [[Palermo Astronomical Observatory]], [[Sicily]], on March 19, 1826. It was independently found by [[James Dunlop]] on July 3, 1826. The cluster has an [[apparent visual magnitude]] of 6.3 and an [[angular diameter]] of {{val|15|u=arcminute}}. It is visible with binoculars or a small telescope.<ref name=O'Meara_2011/>


Located at a distance of {{cvt|7.6|kpc|kly|1|order=flip|lk=on}} from the Sun,<ref name=Baumgardt_Vasiliev_2021/> it is orbiting within the central region of the Milky Way about {{cvt|2.2|kpc|kly|order=flip}} from the [[Galactic Center]].<ref name=Lee_Carney_2006/> It is considered a [[metallicity|metal-poor]] inner [[galactic halo|halo]] cluster, being the third most metal-poor globular cluster within {{cvt|3|kpc|kly|order=flip}} of the center.<ref name=Lee_Carney_2006/> The cluster has {{Val|5.72|e=5}} times the [[mass of the Sun]].<ref name=apj742_1_51/> It is estimated to be around 12.9 billion years old,<ref name=mnras404_3_1203/> and is believed to have undergone [[Core collapse (cluster)|core collapse]].<ref name=Lee_Carney_2006/> A total of 94 [[blue straggler]] members have been identified,<ref name=Raso_et_al_2017/> as well as three [[W Ursae Majoris variable|W Ursae Majoris]] and nine [[SX Phoenicis variable]]s.<ref name=Fiorentino_et_al_2014/>
The globular cluster was discovered by [[Niccolò Cacciatore]] at the [[Palermo Astronomical Observatory]], [[Sicily]], on March 19, 1826. It was independently found by [[James Dunlop]] on July 3, 1826.

The cluster is relatively small, having just 94 [[blue straggler]] stars.<ref>{{citation|arxiv=1704.01453|title=The "UV-route" to Search for Blue Straggler Stars in Globular Clusters: First Results from theHSTUV Legacy Survey|year=2017|doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa6891 |last1=Raso |first1=S. |last2=Ferraro |first2=F. R. |last3=Dalessandro |first3=E. |last4=Lanzoni |first4=B. |last5=Nardiello |first5=D. |last6=Bellini |first6=A. |last7=Vesperini |first7=E. |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=839 |page=64 |s2cid=118939669 }}</ref>
[[File:NGC 6541.jpg|thumb|left|NGC 6541]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=


<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad | title=NGC 6541 | access-date=2024-09-16 }}</ref>
<ref name=aj140_6_1830>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Goldsbury | first1=Ryan | last2=Richer | first2=Harvey B. | last3=Anderson | first3=Jay | last4=Dotter | first4=Aaron | last5=Sarajedini | first5=Ata | last6=Woodley | first6=Kristin | title=The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=140 | issue=6 | pages=1830–1837 |date=December 2010 | doi=10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830 | bibcode=2010AJ....140.1830G | postscript=. |arxiv = 1008.2755 | s2cid=119183070 }}</ref>

<ref name=Lee_Carney_2006>{{citation | postscript=.
| title=VI Photometry of Globular Clusters NGC 6293 and NGC 6541: The Formation of the Metal-poor Inner Halo Globular Clusters
| last1=Lee | first1=Jae-Woo | last2=Carney | first2=Bruce W.
| journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=132 | issue=5 | pages=2171–2186 | date=November 2006
| doi=10.1086/507412 | arxiv=astro-ph/0606711
| bibcode=2006AJ....132.2171L }}</ref>

<ref name=O'Meara_2011>{{citation | postscript=.
| last=O'Meara | first=Stephen James
| title=Deep-Sky Companions: The Secret Deep
| publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]
| location=Cambridge, United Kingdom
| date=2011 | pages=322, 375–377 | isbn=978-0521198769
| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S5QIEKns33sC&pg=PA376
<!-- https://books.google.com/books?id=v859bKO0A4gC&pg=PA322 --> }}</ref>

<ref name=Raso_et_al_2017>{{citation | postscript=.
| title=The "UV-route" to Search for Blue Straggler Stars in Globular Clusters: First Results from theHSTUV Legacy Survey
| display-authors=1 | last1=Raso | first1=S.
| last2=Ferraro | first2=F. R. | last3=Dalessandro | first3=E.
| last4=Lanzoni | first4=B. | last5=Nardiello | first5=D.
| last6=Bellini | first6=A. | last7=Vesperini | first7=E.
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=839 | issue=1 | page=64 | year=2017
| arxiv=1704.01453 | bibcode=2017ApJ...839...64R |s2cid=118939669
| doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa6891 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=aj140_6_1830>{{citation | postscript=.
| title=The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters
| last1=Goldsbury | first1=Ryan | last2=Richer | first2=Harvey B.
| last3=Anderson | first3=Jay | last4=Dotter | first4=Aaron
| last5=Sarajedini | first5=Ata | last6=Woodley | first6=Kristin
| display-authors=1 | journal=The Astronomical Journal
| volume=140 | issue=6 | pages=1830–1837 |date=December 2010
| doi=10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830 | s2cid=119183070
| bibcode=2010AJ....140.1830G | arxiv=1008.2755 }}</ref>

<ref name=hcob849_11>{{citation | postscript=.
| last1=Shapley | first1=Harlow | last2=Sawyer | first2=Helen B.
| title=A Classification of Globular Clusters
| journal=Harvard College Observatory Bulletin
| volume=849 | issue=849 | pages=11–14 |date=August 1927
| bibcode=1927BHarO.849...11S }}</ref>


<ref name=mnras404_3_1203>{{citation | postscript=.
<ref name=hcob849_11>{{citation | last1=Shapley | first1=Harlow | last2=Sawyer | first2=Helen B. | title=A Classification of Globular Clusters | journal=Harvard College Observatory Bulletin | volume=849 | issue=849 | pages=11–14 |date=August 1927 | bibcode=1927BHarO.849...11S | postscript=. }}</ref>
| title=Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters
| last1=Forbes | first1=Duncan A. | last2=Bridges | first2=Terry
| journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]
| volume=404 | issue=3 | pages=1203–1214 |date=May 2010
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x | doi-access=free
| bibcode=2010MNRAS.404.1203F | arxiv=1001.4289 | s2cid=51825384 }}</ref>


<ref name=apj742_1_51>{{citation | postscript=.
<ref name=mnras404_3_1203>{{citation | last1=Forbes | first1=Duncan A. | last2=Bridges | first2=Terry | title=Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters | journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] | volume=404 | issue=3 | pages=1203–1214 |date=May 2010 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x | bibcode=2010MNRAS.404.1203F | postscript=. |arxiv = 1001.4289 | s2cid=51825384 }}</ref>
| title=Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters
| last1=Boyles | first1=J. | last2=Lorimer | first2=D. R.
| last3=Turk | first3=P. J. | last4=Mnatsakanov | first4=R.
| last5=Lynch | first5=R. S. | last6=Ransom | first6=S. M.
| last7=Freire | first7=P. C. | last8=Belczynski | first8=K.
| display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=742 | issue=1 | page=51 |date=November 2011
| doi=10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51 | s2cid=118649860
| bibcode=2011ApJ...742...51B | arxiv=1108.4402 }}</ref>


<ref name=Baumgardt_Vasiliev_2021>{{citation | postscript=.
<ref name=aj139_2_476>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Paust | first1=Nathaniel E. Q. | last2=Reid | first2=I. Neill | last3=Piotto | first3=Giampaolo | last4=Aparicio | first4=Antonio | last5=Anderson | first5=Jay | last6=Sarajedini | first6=Ata | last7=Bedin | first7=Luigi R. | last8=Chaboyer | first8=Brian | last9=Dotter | first9=Aaron | last10=Hempel | first10=Maren | last11=Majewski | first11=Steven | last12=Marín-Franch | first12=A. | last13=Milone | first13=Antonino | last14=Rosenberg | first14=Alfred | last15=Siegel | first15=Michael | title=The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. VIII. Effects of Environment on Globular Cluster Global Mass Functions | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume= 139 | issue= 2 | pages= 476–491 |date=February 2010 | doi=10.1088/0004-6256/139/2/476 | bibcode=2010AJ....139..476P | postscript=. | hdl=2152/34371 | s2cid=120965440 | hdl-access=free }}</ref>
| title=Accurate distances to Galactic globular clusters through a combination of Gaia EDR3, HST, and literature data
| last1=Baumgardt | first1=H. | last2=Vasiliev | first2=E.
| journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| volume=505 | issue=4 | pages=5957–5977 | date=August 2021
| doi=10.1093/mnras/stab1474 | doi-access=free
| arxiv=2105.09526
| bibcode=2021MNRAS.505.5957B }}</ref>


<ref name=Fiorentino_et_al_2014>{{citation | postscript=.
<ref name=apj742_1_51>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Boyles | first1=J. | last2=Lorimer | first2=D. R. | last3=Turk | first3=P. J. | last4=Mnatsakanov | first4=R. | last5=Lynch | first5=R. S. | last6=Ransom | first6=S. M. | last7=Freire | first7=P. C. | last8=Belczynski | first8=K. | title=Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=742 | issue=1 | page=51 |date=November 2011 | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51 | bibcode=2011ApJ...742...51B | postscript=. |arxiv = 1108.4402 | s2cid=118649860 }}</ref>
| title=Blue Straggler Masses from Pulsation Properties. I. The Case of NGC 6541
| last1=Fiorentino | first1=G. | last2=Lanzoni | first2=B.
| last3=Dalessandro | first3=E. | last4=Ferraro | first4=F. R.
| last5=Bono | first5=G. | last6=Marconi | first6=M.
| display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=783 | issue=1 | at=id. 34 | date=March 2014
| doi=10.1088/0004-637X/783/1/34 | arxiv=1312.0388
| bibcode=2014ApJ...783...34F }}</ref>


}}
}}

Latest revision as of 03:10, 26 September 2024

NGC 6541
NGC 6541, imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ClassIII[1]
ConstellationCorona Australis
Right ascension18h 08m 02.36s[2]
Declination–43° 42′ 53.6″[2]
Distance24.8 ± 0.3 kly (7.6 ± 0.1 kpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)6.3[4]
Apparent dimensions (V)15′[4]
Physical characteristics
Mass5.72×105[5] M☉
Metallicity = –1.53[6] dex
Estimated age12.93 Gyr[6]
Other designationsNGC 6541, Caldwell 78[7]
See also: Globular cluster, List of globular clusters

NGC 6541 (also known as Caldwell 78) is a globular cluster of stars in the southern constellation of Corona Australis. The globular cluster was discovered by Niccolò Cacciatore at the Palermo Astronomical Observatory, Sicily, on March 19, 1826. It was independently found by James Dunlop on July 3, 1826. The cluster has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.3 and an angular diameter of 15′. It is visible with binoculars or a small telescope.[4]

Located at a distance of 24.8 kly (7.6 kpc) from the Sun,[3] it is orbiting within the central region of the Milky Way about 7.2 kly (2.2 kpc) from the Galactic Center.[8] It is considered a metal-poor inner halo cluster, being the third most metal-poor globular cluster within 9.8 kly (3 kpc) of the center.[8] The cluster has 5.72×105 times the mass of the Sun.[5] It is estimated to be around 12.9 billion years old,[6] and is believed to have undergone core collapse.[8] A total of 94 blue straggler members have been identified,[9] as well as three W Ursae Majoris and nine SX Phoenicis variables.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B. (August 1927), "A Classification of Globular Clusters", Harvard College Observatory Bulletin, 849 (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S.
  2. ^ a b Goldsbury, Ryan; et al. (December 2010), "The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters", The Astronomical Journal, 140 (6): 1830–1837, arXiv:1008.2755, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830, S2CID 119183070.
  3. ^ a b Baumgardt, H.; Vasiliev, E. (August 2021), "Accurate distances to Galactic globular clusters through a combination of Gaia EDR3, HST, and literature data", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 505 (4): 5957–5977, arXiv:2105.09526, Bibcode:2021MNRAS.505.5957B, doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1474.
  4. ^ a b c O'Meara, Stephen James (2011), Deep-Sky Companions: The Secret Deep, Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, pp. 322, 375–377, ISBN 978-0521198769.
  5. ^ a b Boyles, J.; et al. (November 2011), "Young Radio Pulsars in Galactic Globular Clusters", The Astrophysical Journal, 742 (1): 51, arXiv:1108.4402, Bibcode:2011ApJ...742...51B, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/742/1/51, S2CID 118649860.
  6. ^ a b c Forbes, Duncan A.; Bridges, Terry (May 2010), "Accreted versus in situ Milky Way globular clusters", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 404 (3): 1203–1214, arXiv:1001.4289, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.404.1203F, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16373.x, S2CID 51825384.
  7. ^ "NGC 6541". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2024-09-16.
  8. ^ a b c Lee, Jae-Woo; Carney, Bruce W. (November 2006), "VI Photometry of Globular Clusters NGC 6293 and NGC 6541: The Formation of the Metal-poor Inner Halo Globular Clusters", The Astronomical Journal, 132 (5): 2171–2186, arXiv:astro-ph/0606711, Bibcode:2006AJ....132.2171L, doi:10.1086/507412.
  9. ^ Raso, S.; et al. (2017), "The "UV-route" to Search for Blue Straggler Stars in Globular Clusters: First Results from theHSTUV Legacy Survey", The Astrophysical Journal, 839 (1): 64, arXiv:1704.01453, Bibcode:2017ApJ...839...64R, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6891, S2CID 118939669.
  10. ^ Fiorentino, G.; et al. (March 2014), "Blue Straggler Masses from Pulsation Properties. I. The Case of NGC 6541", The Astrophysical Journal, 783 (1), id. 34, arXiv:1312.0388, Bibcode:2014ApJ...783...34F, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/783/1/34.
[edit]
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