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{{short description|Chinese computer scientist and entrepreneur}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Ping Fu
| name = Ping Fu
| honorific_suffix =
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| image = PingFu lg.jpg
| image = PingFu lg.jpg
| image_size =
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| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1958}}<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=13}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1958}}<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=13}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Nanjing]], [[China]]
| residence = [[Chapel Hill, North Carolina]]
| birth_place = [[Nanjing]], [[China]]
| nationality =
| nationality =
| other_names =
| other_names =
⚫
| citizenship = American
| ethnicity = Chinese
| education = {{unbulleted list|[[University of California, San Diego]]|[[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]]}}
⚫
| citizenship = American
| education = [[University of California, San Diego]], [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]]
| alma_mater = [[University of California, San Diego]]
⚫
| occupation = Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer, 3D Systems<ref name=Ohnesorge>{{cite news
| alma_mater = [[University of California, San Diego]]
⚫
| occupation = Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer, 3D Systems<ref name=Ohnesorge>{{cite news
| title=Geomagic's Ping Fu sells her company to S.C. partner
| title=Geomagic's Ping Fu sells her company to S.C. partner
| author=Lauren K. Ohnesorge
| author=Lauren K. Ohnesorge
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| work=[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]]
| work=[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]]
| date=3 January 2013
| date=3 January 2013
| accessdate=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=Hall>{{cite news
| access-date=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=Hall>{{cite news
| title=Bending with the winds of 3D change
| title=Bending with the winds of 3D change
| author=Matthew Hall
| author=Matthew Hall
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| work=[[The Age]]
| work=[[The Age]]
| date=19 March 2013
| date=19 March 2013
| accessdate=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=3DSystemsPreso>{{cite web
| access-date=19 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=3DSystemsPreso>{{cite web
| url=http://www.3dsystems.com/files/downloads/3DS-June-2013-Investor-Day.pdf
| url=http://www.3dsystems.com/files/downloads/3DS-June-2013-Investor-Day.pdf
| title=Manufacturing the Future: Investor Day Presentation
| title=Manufacturing the Future: Investor Day Presentation
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| work=3dsystems.com
| work=3dsystems.com
| publisher=3D Systems
| publisher=3D Systems
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| access-date=23 July 2013}}</ref>
| format=PDF
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| years_active =
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| accessdate=23 July 2013}}</ref>
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| employer = [[3D Systems]]
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| years_active =
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| agent =
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| employer = [[3D Systems]]
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| known_for =
| organization =
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| notable_works = ''[[Bend, Not Break|Bend, Not Break: A Life In Two Worlds]]''
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| agent =
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| style =
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| known_for =
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| boards = [[Long Now Foundation]]<br /> National Advisory Council for Innovation and Entrepreneurship<br /> [[Live Nation Entertainment]]
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| notable_works = ''[[Bend, Not Break|Bend, Not Break: A Life In Two Worlds]]''
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| spouse =
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| style =
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| partner =
| influences =
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| parents =
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| relatives =
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| awards =
| salary =
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| net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
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| boards = Long Now Foundation<br /> National Advisory Council for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
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| spouse =
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| partner =
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| parents =
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| relatives =
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| awards =
| box_width = }}
{{chinese|c=傅苹|p=Fù Píng}}
{{chinese|c=傅苹|p=Fù Píng}}


'''Ping Fu''' (born 1958) is a [[Chinese American|Chinese-American]] entrepreneur. She is the co-founder of [[3D software]] development company [[Geomagic]], and was its chief executive officer until February 2013 when the company was acquired by [[3D Systems|3D Systems Inc.]] {{As of|2014|03}}, she is the Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer at 3D Systems. Fu grew up in China during the [[Cultural Revolution]] and moved to the United States in 1984. She co-founded Geomagic in 1997 with her then-husband [[Herbert Edelsbrunner]], and has been recognized for her achievements with the company through a number of awards, including being named ''[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]'' magazine's 2005 "Entrepreneur of the Year". In 2013, she published her memoir, ''Bend, Not Break'', co-authored with MeiMei Fox.
'''Ping Fu''' (born 1958) is a [[Chinese American|Chinese-American]] entrepreneur. She is the co-founder of [[3D software]] development company [[Geomagic]], and was its chief executive officer until February 2013 when the company was acquired by [[3D Systems|3D Systems Inc.]] {{As of|2014|03}}, she is the Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer at 3D Systems. Fu grew up in China during the [[Cultural Revolution]] and moved to the United States in 1984. She co-founded Geomagic in 1997 with her then-husband [[Herbert Edelsbrunner]], and has been recognized for her achievements with the company through a number of awards, including being named ''[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]'' magazine's 2005 "Entrepreneur of the Year". In 2013, she published her memoir, ''Bend, Not Break'', co-authored with MeiMei Fox.<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=978-1591846819|title=Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds|last1=Fu|first1=Ping|last2=Fox|first2=Meimei|year=2013|publisher=Penguin }}</ref>


== Early life and education==
== Early life and education==
Ping Fu was born in 1958 in [[Nanjing]], [[China]],<ref name=Chen>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu - Geomagic |author=Monica Chen |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/print-edition/2011/08/26/ping-fu---geomatic.html?page=all |work=[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]] |date=26 August 2011 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Brant>{{cite news |title=Entrepreneur of the Year: Ping Fu |author=John Brant |url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20051201/ping-fu_pagen_6.html |work=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]] |date=1 December 2005 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> where her father was a professor at the [[Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics]] (NUAA).<ref name=Smith>{{cite news |title=American Dreams Do Come True |author=Rick Smith |url=http://www.metronc.com/article/?id=995 |work=Raleigh Metro Magazine |date=January 2006 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> Fu spent her childhood and early adulthood in China. She grew up during the [[Cultural Revolution]], during which she was separated from both her parents for several years.<ref name=Walton>{{cite news |title=Geomagic's Ping Fu Rises in Tech Firmament |author=Marsha Walton |url=http://womensenews.org/story/women-in-science/100505/geomagics-ping-fu-rises-in-tech-firmament?page=0,0#.UR1Mwlqgl9k |work=[[Women's eNews]] |date=10 May 2010 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=FastCompany1>{{cite news |title=Going For Growth |url=http://www.fastcompany.com/fast50_04/winners/fu.html |work=[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]] |date=1 January 2003 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> After the end of the Cultural Revolution, she attended the college that later became the [[Soochow University (Suzhou)|Suzhou University]]<ref name=Brant/><ref name=PingFu13>{{cite news |title=Clarifying the Facts in Bend, Not Break |author=Ping Fu |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ping-fu/clarifying-the-facts-in-bend-not-break_b_2603405.html |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |date=1 February 2013 |accessdate=24 February 2013}}</ref> studying Chinese literature.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=3}}</ref> Fu has related in interviews and in her memoir that she chose to research China's [[one-child policy]] for her thesis and traveled to the countryside, where she found that [[infanticide]] of female infants was common, as was abortion, even late into pregnancy.<ref name=Schlach>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu: Re-Creating The World In All Its Dimensions |author=Kathleen Schalch |url=https://www.npr.org/2006/03/18/5279787/ping-fu-recreating-the-world-in-all-its-dimensions |work=[[NPR]] |date=18 March 2006 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|pp=253–254}}</ref> Fu said that, after turning in her research, she believes it was passed to a newspaper editor who wrote an editorial on the infanticide of female children.<ref name=PingFu13/><ref name=Goudreau/>{{better source|date=June 2013}} Fu has stated that she was later briefly imprisoned by government officials and was told to leave the country.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=255}}</ref><ref name=Evans>{{cite news |title=The Persecution of Ping Fu |author=Harold Evans |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/11/the-persecution-of-ping-fu.html |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=11 February 2013 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> After this event, she left school, without graduating.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=258}}</ref>
Ping Fu was born in 1958 in [[Nanjing]], [[China]],<ref name=Chen>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu - Geomagic |author=Monica Chen |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/print-edition/2011/08/26/ping-fu---geomatic.html?page=all |work=[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]] |date=26 August 2011 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Brant>{{cite news |title=Entrepreneur of the Year: Ping Fu |author=John Brant |url=http://www.inc.com/magazine/20051201/ping-fu_pagen_6.html |work=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]] |date=1 December 2005 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> where her father was a professor at the [[Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics]] (NUAA).<ref name=Smith>{{cite news |title=American Dreams Do Come True |author=Rick Smith |url=http://www.metronc.com/article/?id=995 |work=Raleigh Metro Magazine |date=January 2006 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> Fu spent her childhood and early adulthood in China. She grew up during the [[Cultural Revolution]], during which she was separated from both her parents for several years.<ref name=Walton>{{cite news |title=Geomagic's Ping Fu Rises in Tech Firmament |author=Marsha Walton |url=http://womensenews.org/story/women-in-science/100505/geomagics-ping-fu-rises-in-tech-firmament?page=0,0#.UR1Mwlqgl9k |work=[[Women's eNews]] |date=10 May 2010 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=FastCompany1>{{cite news |title=Going For Growth |url=http://www.fastcompany.com/fast50_04/winners/fu.html |work=[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]] |date=1 January 2003 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> After the end of the Cultural Revolution, she attended the college that later became the [[Soochow University (Suzhou)|Suzhou University]]<ref name=Brant/><ref name=PingFu13>{{cite news |title=Clarifying the Facts in Bend, Not Break |author=Ping Fu |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ping-fu/clarifying-the-facts-in-bend-not-break_b_2603405.html |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |date=1 February 2013 |access-date=24 February 2013}}</ref> studying Chinese literature.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=3}}</ref> Fu has related in interviews and in her memoir that she chose to research China's [[one-child policy]] for her thesis and traveled to the countryside, where she found that [[infanticide]] of female infants was common, as was abortion, even late into pregnancy.<ref name=Schlach>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu: Re-Creating The World In All Its Dimensions |author=Kathleen Schalch |url=https://www.npr.org/2006/03/18/5279787/ping-fu-recreating-the-world-in-all-its-dimensions |work=[[NPR]] |date=18 March 2006 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|pp=253–254}}</ref> Fu said that, after turning in her research, she believes it was passed to a newspaper editor who wrote an editorial on the infanticide of female children.<ref name=PingFu13/><ref name=Goudreau/>{{better source needed|date=June 2013}} Fu has stated that she was later briefly imprisoned by government officials and was told to leave the country.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=255}}</ref><ref name=Evans>{{cite news |title=The Persecution of Ping Fu |author=Harold Evans |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/11/the-persecution-of-ping-fu.html |work=[[The Daily Beast]] |date=11 February 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> After this event, she left school, without graduating.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=258}}</ref>


Fu left China and arrived in the United States in January 1984.<ref name=FastCompany1/> She initially enrolled at the [[University of New Mexico]] (UNM) in [[Albuquerque]]<ref name=Goudreau>{{cite news |title=One Woman's Journey From China's Cultural Revolution To Top American Tech Entrepreneur |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/23/one-womans-journey-from-chinese-labor-camp-to-top-american-tech-entrepreneur/ |work=Forbes |date=23 January 2013 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> but later moved to [[San Diego]] to study computer science as an undergraduate at the [[University of California, San Diego]].<ref name=Brant/> During her time in San Diego, Fu worked part-time at a software company called Resource Systems Group as a programmer and database software consultant.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|pp=66–67}}</ref> Following her graduation from UC San Diego with a bachelor's degree in computer science, she moved to Illinois, where she took a job with [[Bell Labs]].<ref name=Brant/> The company offered a Ph.D assistance program, through which Fu enrolled in the computer science Ph.D program at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] (UIUC). At UIUC she completed a master's degree in computer science.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=96}}</ref><ref name=Aronson>{{cite news |title=The Tao of Fu |author=Deb Aronson |url=http://www.uiaa.org/illinois/news/illinoisalumni/0707_b.html |work=Illinois Alumni Magazine |publisher=University of Illinois Alumni Association |date=July 2007 |accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref>
Fu left China and arrived in the United States in January 1984.<ref name=FastCompany1/> She initially enrolled at the [[University of New Mexico]] (UNM) in [[Albuquerque]]<ref name=Goudreau>{{cite news |title=One Woman's Journey From China's Cultural Revolution To Top American Tech Entrepreneur |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/23/one-womans-journey-from-chinese-labor-camp-to-top-american-tech-entrepreneur/ |work=Forbes |date=23 January 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> but later moved to [[San Diego]] to study computer science as an undergraduate at the [[University of California, San Diego]].<ref name=Brant/> During her time in [[San Diego]], Fu worked part-time at a software company called Resource Systems Group as a programmer and database software consultant.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|pp=66–67}}</ref> Following her graduation from UC San Diego with a bachelor's degree in computer science, she moved to Illinois, where she took a job with [[Bell Labs]].<ref name=Brant/> The company offered a Ph.D assistance program, through which Fu enrolled in the computer science Ph.D program at the [[University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign]] (UIUC). At UIUC she completed a master's degree in computer science.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=96}}</ref><ref name=Aronson>{{cite news |title=The Tao of Fu |first=Deb |last=Aronson |url=http://www.uiaa.org/illinois/news/illinoisalumni/0707_b.html |work=Illinois Alumni Magazine |publisher=University of Illinois Alumni Association |date=July 2007
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228032646/http://www.uiaa.org/illinois/news/illinoisalumni/0707_b.html |archive-date=2010-02-28 |url-status=dead}}
</ref>


==Career==
==Career==


===National Center for Supercomputing Applications===
===National Center for Supercomputing Applications===
In the early 1990s, Fu began working at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] (NCSA) at UIUC.<ref name=Walton/><ref name=FastCompany1/> Her focus was on computer graphics and visualization,<ref name=Aronson/> including projects such as developing the morphing software for animation of the liquid metal [[T-1000]] robot in the film ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]''.<ref name=Schlach/> While at NCSA, she hired student researcher [[Marc Andreessen]] and was his supervisor on the project developing NCSA's [[Mosaic (web browser)|Mosaic]], an early multimedia web browser credited with popularizing the [[World Wide Web]].<ref name=Schlach /><ref name=Andrews/> According to her supervisor, Joseph Hardin, Fu was one of the managers involved in the discussions from which the idea for the browser was developed.<ref name=Andrews>{{cite news |title=Profit Without Honor |author=Paul Andrews |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19971005&slug=2564359 |work=The Seattle Times |date=5 October 1997 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> In 1994 Ping took a temporary position at the [[Hong Kong University of Science and Technology]], returning to NCSA in 1995.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=131}}</ref>
In the early 1990s, Fu began working at the [[National Center for Supercomputing Applications]] (NCSA) at UIUC.<ref name=Walton/><ref name=FastCompany1/> Her focus was on computer graphics and visualization,<ref name=Aronson/> including projects such as developing the morphing software for animation of the liquid metal [[T-1000]] robot in the film ''[[Terminator 2: Judgment Day]]''.<ref name=Schlach/> While at NCSA, she hired student researcher [[Marc Andreessen]] and was his supervisor on the project developing NCSA's [[Mosaic (web browser)|Mosaic]], an early multimedia web browser credited with popularizing the [[World Wide Web]].<ref name=Schlach /><ref name=Andrews/> According to her supervisor, Joseph Hardin, Fu was one of the managers involved in the discussions from which the idea for the browser was developed.<ref name=Andrews>{{cite news |title=Profit Without Honor |author=Paul Andrews |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19971005&slug=2564359 |work=The Seattle Times |date=5 October 1997 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> In 1994 Ping took a temporary position at the [[Hong Kong University of Science and Technology]], returning to NCSA in 1995.<ref>{{harvtxt|Fu|Fox|2012|p=131}}</ref>


===Geomagic===
===Geomagic===
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In 1999, Fu relocated Geomagic from Illinois to the [[Research Triangle Park]], [[North Carolina]]. That year, Franklin Street Partners committed to invest $6.5 million in Geomagic.<ref name=Brant/> Fu then hired an experienced executive as CEO who ran Geomagic for two years before stepping down when the company was close to bankruptcy.<ref name=Goudreau/> Fu returned to the role of CEO in 2001, investing her own money into Geomagic and working without a salary in order to continue paying the company's employees. She was able to lead Geomagic back to stability, gaining a significant contract with [[Align Technology]], and Geomagic returned to profitability over the following two years.<ref name=FastCompany1/>
In 1999, Fu relocated Geomagic from Illinois to the [[Research Triangle Park]], [[North Carolina]]. That year, Franklin Street Partners committed to invest $6.5 million in Geomagic.<ref name=Brant/> Fu then hired an experienced executive as CEO who ran Geomagic for two years before stepping down when the company was close to bankruptcy.<ref name=Goudreau/> Fu returned to the role of CEO in 2001, investing her own money into Geomagic and working without a salary in order to continue paying the company's employees. She was able to lead Geomagic back to stability, gaining a significant contract with [[Align Technology]], and Geomagic returned to profitability over the following two years.<ref name=FastCompany1/>


From 2001 to 2003, Geomagic's sales tripled under Fu's leadership.<ref name=FastCompany1/> The company became known as a leader in [[DSSP (imaging)|digital shape sampling and processing]].<ref name=Brant/><ref name=Hilton>{{cite news |title=AI Interview with Ping Fu, president and CEO of Geomagic Inc |author=James Hilton |url=http://www.ai-online.com/Adv/Previous/show_issue.php?id=2213 |work=Automotive Industries |date=May 2008 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=NCWIT>{{cite web |title=NCWIT Interview with Ping Fu |url=http://www.ncwit.org/sites/default/files/legacy/pdf/i/PingFu_InterviewTranscript_Ed.pdf |work=National Center for Women & Information Technology |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> After she and Edelsbrunner divorced,<ref name=Tatlow>{{cite news |title=True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu’s Memoir |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/true-or-false-the-tussle-over-ping-fus-memoir/ |work=International Herald Tribune |date=20 February 2013 |accessdate=19 March 2013}}</ref> he continued to serve as an advisor at Geomagic.<ref name=GeomagicLeadership>{{cite web |url=http://geomagic.com/en/about/leadership/advisors/ |title=Advisors |year=2013 |work=geomagic.com |publisher=Geomagic |accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref>
From 2001 to 2003, Geomagic's sales tripled under Fu's leadership.<ref name=FastCompany1/> The company became known as a leader in [[DSSP (imaging)|digital shape sampling and processing]].<ref name=Brant/><ref name=Hilton>{{cite news |title=AI Interview with Ping Fu, president and CEO of Geomagic Inc |author=James Hilton |url=http://www.ai-online.com/Adv/Previous/show_issue.php?id=2213 |work=Automotive Industries |date=May 2008 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=NCWIT>{{cite web |title=NCWIT Interview with Ping Fu |url=http://www.ncwit.org/sites/default/files/legacy/pdf/i/PingFu_InterviewTranscript_Ed.pdf |work=National Center for Women & Information Technology |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> After she and Edelsbrunner divorced,<ref name=Tatlow>{{cite news |title=True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu's Memoir |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/true-or-false-the-tussle-over-ping-fus-memoir/ |work=International Herald Tribune |date=20 February 2013 |access-date=19 March 2013}}</ref> he continued to serve as an advisor at Geomagic.<ref name=GeomagicLeadership>{{cite web |url=http://geomagic.com/en/about/leadership/advisors/ |title=Advisors |year=2013 |work=geomagic.com |publisher=Geomagic |access-date=25 February 2013}}</ref>


In February 2013, Fu sold Geomagic to [[3D Systems|3D Systems Corporation]], a 3D printing company. She became the Chief Strategy Officer and Vice-President of 3D Systems.<ref name=Ohnesorge /><ref name=Hall /><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.3dsystems.com/press-releases/3d-systems-releases-geomagic-designer-packages | title=3D Systems Releases Geomagic Designer Packages |date=2013-04-25 |accessdate=2013-05-28 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://quotes.wsj.com/DDD/company-people | title=People at DDD - Executives, Board & Key Employees at 3D Systems Corp. - WSJ.com|accessdate=2013-05-28}}</ref>
In February 2013, Fu sold Geomagic to [[3D Systems|3D Systems Corporation]], a 3D printing company. She became the Chief Strategy Officer and Vice-President of 3D Systems.<ref name=Ohnesorge /><ref name=Hall /><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.3dsystems.com/press-releases/3d-systems-releases-geomagic-designer-packages | title=3D Systems Releases Geomagic Designer Packages |date=2013-04-25 |access-date=2013-05-28 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://quotes.wsj.com/DDD/company-people | title=People at DDD - Executives, Board & Key Employees at 3D Systems Corp. - WSJ.com|access-date=2013-05-28}}</ref>


===Other roles===
===Other roles===
In addition to leading Geomagic, Fu has held a number of advisory roles relating to technology and entrepreneurship and with charitable organizations. She has served on the U.S. National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship since 2010 and is also a member of the National Council on Women in Technology.<ref name=USCIS>{{cite web |url=http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=651214f929685310VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=34165c2af1f9e010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD |title=2012 Outstanding American by Choice Recipients |date=26 June 2012 |work=uscis.gov |publisher=U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> In 2012, she was appointed to the board of the [[Long Now Foundation]], a non-profit organization focused on long-term thinking and enduring technology.<ref name=LongNow>{{cite web |url=http://blog.longnow.org/02012/03/26/ping-fu-joins-long-now/ |title=Ping Fu joins the Long Now board |date=26 March 2012 |work=longnow.org |publisher=Long Now Foundation |accessdate=20 February 2013}}</ref> She also serves on the board of the Frank Hawkins Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise at the [[University of North Carolina]]<ref name=Kenan>{{cite web |url=http://www.kenaninstitute.unc.edu/news/pingFu.htm |title=Ping Fu |work=kenaninstiture.unc.edu |publisher=University of North Carolina |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref> and is an advisor at Modern Meadow, an organization focused on tissue engineering.<ref name=Meadow>{{cite web |url=http://modernmeadow.com/team/advisors/ |title=Advisors |work=modernmeadow.com |publisher=Modern Meadow |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref>
In addition to leading Geomagic, Fu has held a number of advisory roles relating to technology and entrepreneurship and with charitable organizations. She has served on the U.S. National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship since 2010 and is also a member of the National Council on Women in Technology.<ref name=USCIS>{{cite web |url=http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=651214f929685310VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=34165c2af1f9e010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD |title=2012 Outstanding American by Choice Recipients |date=26 June 2012 |work=uscis.gov |publisher=U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> In 2012, she was appointed to the board of the [[Long Now Foundation]], a non-profit organization focused on long-term thinking and enduring technology.<ref name=LongNow>{{cite web |url=http://blog.longnow.org/02012/03/26/ping-fu-joins-long-now/ |title=Ping Fu joins the Long Now board |date=26 March 2012 |work=longnow.org |publisher=Long Now Foundation |access-date=20 February 2013}}</ref> She also serves on the board of the Frank Hawkins Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise at the [[University of North Carolina]],<ref name=Kenan>{{cite web |url=http://www.kenaninstitute.unc.edu/news/pingFu.htm |title=Ping Fu |work=kenaninstiture.unc.edu |publisher=University of North Carolina |access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref> the board of [[Live Nation Entertainment]]<ref name="lyvboard">{{cite web | title=Dana Walden Joins Live Nation Board | work=Hollywood Reporter | date=8 June 2018 | url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/dana-walden-joins-live-nation-board-1118543 | access-date=August 15, 2018}}</ref> and is an advisor at Modern Meadow, an organization focused on tissue engineering.<ref name=Meadow>{{cite web |url=http://modernmeadow.com/team/advisors/ |title=Advisors |work=modernmeadow.com |publisher=Modern Meadow |access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref> Since 2017, Ping has served on the Board of Directors of the [[Burning Man Project]];<ref name="Burning Man Project"> {{cite web | url= https://journal.burningman.org/2017/02/news/official-announcements/welcome-ping-fu-and-dennis-bartels-to-the-burning-man-project-board/ |title=Welcome Ping Fu and Dennis Bartels to the Burning Man Project Board | work=Burning Man Journal | publisher=Burning Man Projeect | access-date=February 14, 2017}}</ref> she first attended [[Burning Man]] in 2010, and she gave Burning Man a donation to support the purchase of Fly Ranch.


==Memoir==
==Memoir==
{{Main|Bend, Not Break}}
{{Main|Bend, Not Break}}
On December 31, 2012, Fu published a memoir, ''Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.us.penguingroup.com/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9781591845522,00.html |title=About: Bend, Not Break |date=31 December 2012 |work=Penguin.com |publisher=Penguin Group USA |accessdate=5 April 2013}}</ref> Co-authored with MeiMei Fox, the book told the stories of her life, from her early childhood in China to her experiences as an entrepreneur, including founding and leading Geomagic.<ref name=Oprah>{{cite web |url=http://www.oprah.com/book/Bend-Not-Break?editors_pick_id=41296#ixzz2Lwo1hSfC |title=New Memoirs So Powerful They’ll Turn Your Life Inside Out |author=Leigh Newman |work=oprah.com |publisher=Harpo Productions |accessdate=25 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Kirkpatrick>{{cite news |title=The Art Of Resilience |author=Melanie Kirkpatrick |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324274404578216592019995664 |work=Wall Street Journal |date=8 January 2013 |accessdate=18 February 2013}}</ref> The book received positive reviews from outlets including ''The Wall Street Journal''<ref name=Evans /> and Oprah.com.<ref name=Oprah/>
On December 31, 2012, Fu published a memoir, ''Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.us.penguingroup.com/nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,9781591845522,00.html |title=About: Bend, Not Break |date=31 December 2012 |work=Penguin.com |publisher=Penguin Group USA |access-date=5 April 2013}}</ref> Co-authored with MeiMei Fox, the book told the stories of her life, from her early childhood in China to her experiences as an entrepreneur, including founding and leading Geomagic.<ref name=Oprah>{{cite web |url=http://www.oprah.com/book/Bend-Not-Break?editors_pick_id=41296#ixzz2Lwo1hSfC |title=New Memoirs So Powerful They'll Turn Your Life Inside Out |author=Leigh Newman |work=oprah.com |publisher=Harpo Productions |access-date=25 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Kirkpatrick>{{cite news |title=The Art Of Resilience |author=Melanie Kirkpatrick |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324274404578216592019995664 |work=Wall Street Journal |date=8 January 2013 |access-date=18 February 2013}}</ref> The book received positive reviews from outlets including ''The Wall Street Journal''<ref name=Evans /> and Oprah.com.<ref name=Oprah/>


Beginning in January 2013, commentors in the Amazon.com reviews for the memoir began posting critical reviews, accusing Fu of lying about events in her past.<ref name=Evans/> Around the same time, first in English,<ref name=Goudreau/> then in Chinese <ref name=Goudreau_Chinese>{{cite news |title=从文化大革命到高科技企业家：傅苹的人生路 |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=http://www.forbeschina.com/review/201301/0022981.shtml
Beginning in January 2013, commenters in the Amazon.com reviews for the memoir began posting critical reviews, accusing Fu of lying about events in her past.<ref name=Evans/> Around the same time, first in English,<ref name=Goudreau/> then in Chinese <ref name=Goudreau_Chinese>{{cite news |title=从文化大革命到高科技企业家：傅苹的人生路 |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=http://www.forbeschina.com/review/201301/0022981.shtml
|work=Forbes |date=25 January 2013 }}</ref> on ''Forbes China'', ''Forbes'' published an interview with Fu that discussed Fu's memoir and her early life, which contained an inaccurate interpretation of where Ping Fu lived during the cultural revolution.<ref name=Goudreau2>{{cite news |title='Bend, Not Break' Author Ping Fu Responds To Backlash |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/31/bend-not-break-author-ping-fu-responds-to-backlash/ |work=Forbes |date=31 January 2013 |accessdate=18 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Flannery>{{cite news |title=One Bold And Controversial Lady: "Bend, Not Break" Author Ping Fu |author=Russell Flannery |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/russellflannery/2013/01/31/one-bold-and-controversial-lady-bend-not-break-author-ping-fu/ |work=[[Forbes]] |date=31 January 2013 |accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=Sherwell>{{cite news |title=Chinese-American tech boss Ping Fu denies inventing Cultural Revolution horrors |author=Philip Sherwell |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9859842/Chinese-American-tech-boss-Ping-Fu-denies-inventing-Cultural-Revolution-horrors.html |work=The Telegraph |date=10 February 2013 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> Chinese [[netizens]] responded to the piece with criticisms regarding alleged fabrication of events and inconsistencies in media coverage of Fu,<ref name=Goudreau2>{{cite news |title='Bend, Not Break' Author Ping Fu Responds To Backlash |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/31/bend-not-break-author-ping-fu-responds-to-backlash/ |work=Forbes |date=31 January 2013 |accessdate=18 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Rudolph>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu Defends Memoir After Chinese Netizens Attack |author=Josh Rudolph |url=http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2013/02/ping-fu-defends-memoir-after-chinese-netizens-attack/ |work=[[China Digital Times]] |date=7 February 2013 |accessdate=8 April 2013}}</ref> which raised questions in the media about the veracity of details included in the memoir.<ref name=Branigan2>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu's childhood tales of China's cultural revolution spark controversy |author=Tania Branigan |author2=Ed Pilkington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/feb/13/ping-fu-controversy-china-cultural-revolution |work=The Guardian |date=13 February 2013 |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref> Chinese blogger [[Fang Zhouzi]] was among the critics<ref name=Capon>{{cite news |title=Doubts over Chinese author lauded by Michelle Obama |author=Felicity Capon |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/booknews/9849838/Doubts-over-Chinese-author-lauded-by-Michelle-Obama.html |work=The Telegraph |date=5 February 2013 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> and he later raised further questions and criticisms based on earlier media coverage of Fu.<ref name=Rudolph/> Following the initial criticisms from Fang Zhouzi and other critics, commentors appearing to be non-native English speakers knowledgeable about Chinese history posted hundreds of negative comments in the memoir's Amazon.com reviews, leading ''The Daily Beast'' and ''New York Times'' <ref>{{cite news |title=Cultural Revolution Vigilantes |author=JOE NOCERA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/29/opinion/nocera-cultural-revolution-vigilantes.html?ref=joenocera |work=New York Times |date=28 June 2013 |accessdate=29 June 2013}}</ref> to conclude that Ping was the subject of an [[Human flesh search engine|online attack]].<ref name=Evans/><ref name=Baker>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu Defends ‘Bend, Not Break’ Memoir Against Online Chinese Attack |author=Katie Baker |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/04/ping-fu-defends-bend-not-break-memoir-against-online-chinese-attack.html |work=The Daily Beast |date=4 February 2013 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref>
|work=Forbes |date=25 January 2013 }}</ref> on ''Forbes China'', ''Forbes'' published an interview with Fu that discussed Fu's memoir and her early life, which contained an inaccurate interpretation of where Ping Fu lived during the cultural revolution.<ref name=Goudreau2>{{cite news |title='Bend, Not Break' Author Ping Fu Responds To Backlash |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/31/bend-not-break-author-ping-fu-responds-to-backlash/ |work=Forbes |date=31 January 2013 |access-date=18 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Flannery>{{cite news |title=One Bold And Controversial Lady: "Bend, Not Break" Author Ping Fu |author=Russell Flannery |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/russellflannery/2013/01/31/one-bold-and-controversial-lady-bend-not-break-author-ping-fu/ |work=[[Forbes]] |date=31 January 2013 |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref><ref name=Sherwell>{{cite news |title=Chinese-American tech boss Ping Fu denies inventing Cultural Revolution horrors |author=Philip Sherwell |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/china/9859842/Chinese-American-tech-boss-Ping-Fu-denies-inventing-Cultural-Revolution-horrors.html |work=The Telegraph |date=10 February 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> Chinese [[netizens]] responded to the piece with criticisms regarding alleged fabrication of events and inconsistencies in media coverage of Fu,<ref name=Goudreau2>{{cite news |title='Bend, Not Break' Author Ping Fu Responds To Backlash |author=Jenna Goudreau |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennagoudreau/2013/01/31/bend-not-break-author-ping-fu-responds-to-backlash/ |work=Forbes |date=31 January 2013 |access-date=18 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Rudolph>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu Defends Memoir After Chinese Netizens Attack |author=Josh Rudolph |url=http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2013/02/ping-fu-defends-memoir-after-chinese-netizens-attack/ |work=[[China Digital Times]] |date=7 February 2013 |access-date=8 April 2013}}</ref> which raised questions in the media about the veracity of details included in the memoir.<ref name=Branigan2>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu's childhood tales of China's cultural revolution spark controversy |author=Tania Branigan |author2=Ed Pilkington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2013/feb/13/ping-fu-controversy-china-cultural-revolution |work=The Guardian |date=13 February 2013 |access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref> Chinese blogger [[Fang Zhouzi]] was among the critics<ref name=Capon>{{cite news |title=Doubts over Chinese author lauded by Michelle Obama |author=Felicity Capon |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/booknews/9849838/Doubts-over-Chinese-author-lauded-by-Michelle-Obama.html |work=The Telegraph |date=5 February 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> and he later raised further questions and criticisms based on earlier media coverage of Fu.<ref name=Rudolph/> Following the initial criticisms from Fang Zhouzi and other critics, commenters appearing to be non-native English speakers knowledgeable about Chinese history posted hundreds of negative comments in the memoir's Amazon.com reviews, leading ''The Daily Beast'' and ''New York Times'' <ref>{{cite news |title=Cultural Revolution Vigilantes |author=JOE NOCERA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/29/opinion/nocera-cultural-revolution-vigilantes.html?ref=joenocera |work=New York Times |date=28 June 2013 |access-date=29 June 2013}}</ref> to conclude that Ping was the subject of an [[Human flesh search engine|online attack]].<ref name=Evans/><ref name=Baker>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu Defends 'Bend, Not Break' Memoir Against Online Chinese Attack |author=Katie Baker |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/04/ping-fu-defends-bend-not-break-memoir-against-online-chinese-attack.html |work=The Daily Beast |date=4 February 2013 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref>


Fu responded to the criticisms through a public statement,<ref name=PingFu>{{cite news |title=Sad, But Not Broken |author=Ping Fu |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ping-fu/sad-but-not-broken_b_2603466.html |work=Huffington Post |date=1 February 2013 |accessdate=24 February 2013}}</ref> and a post on the ''Huffington Post'' website answering questions that were raised about her childhood, education and being forced to leave China.<ref name=PingFu13 /> She acknowledged that there were some inaccuracies in the book.<ref name=Tatlow>{{cite news |title=True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu’s Memoir |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/true-or-false-the-tussle-over-ping-fus-memoir/ |work=International Herald Tribune |date=20 February 2013 |accessdate=19 March 2013}}</ref> She also acknowledged that the Red Guard atrocity she related in the memoir and media interviews regarding a teacher being pulled apart by four horses may have been an emotional memory, the result of hearing tales of such barbarity in old China as a child and having nightmares about it, or seeing it in a movie, rather than actually seeing it.<ref name=Sherwell/><ref name=Branigan1>{{cite news |title=Chinese cast doubt over executive's rags to riches tale |author=Tania Branigan |author2=Ed Pilkington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/04/ping-fu-book-chinese-critics |work=The Guardian |date=4 February 2013 |accessdate=26 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Tatlow2>{{cite news |title=Ensnared in the Trap of Memory |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/21/world/asia/21iht-letter21.html?_r=0 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=20 February 2013 |accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref> In response to questions about accuracy of details in the book, her publisher stated that the book is a memoir, rather than a journalistic account of the Cultural Revolution.<ref name=Capon/><ref name=Branigan1/> Fu has said that a second print of the memoir will correct inaccuracies that have been pointed out.<ref name=Tatlow2/>
Fu responded to the criticisms through a public statement,<ref name=PingFu>{{cite news |title=Sad, But Not Broken |author=Ping Fu |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ping-fu/sad-but-not-broken_b_2603466.html |work=Huffington Post |date=1 February 2013 |access-date=24 February 2013}}</ref> and a post on the ''Huffington Post'' website answering questions that were raised about her childhood, education and being forced to leave China.<ref name=PingFu13 /> She acknowledged that there were some inaccuracies in the book.<ref name=Tatlow>{{cite news |title=True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu's Memoir |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/20/true-or-false-the-tussle-over-ping-fus-memoir/ |work=International Herald Tribune |date=20 February 2013 |access-date=19 March 2013}}</ref> She also acknowledged that the Red Guard atrocity she related in the memoir and media interviews regarding a teacher being pulled apart by four horses may have been an emotional memory, the result of hearing tales of such barbarity in old China as a child and having nightmares about it, or seeing it in a movie, rather than actually seeing it.<ref name=Sherwell/><ref name=Branigan1>{{cite news |title=Chinese cast doubt over executive's rags to riches tale |author=Tania Branigan |author2=Ed Pilkington |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/feb/04/ping-fu-book-chinese-critics |work=The Guardian |date=4 February 2013 |access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref><ref name=Tatlow2>{{cite news |title=Ensnared in the Trap of Memory |author=Didi Kirsten Tatlow |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/21/world/asia/21iht-letter21.html?_r=0 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=20 February 2013 |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> In response to questions about accuracy of details in the book, her publisher stated that the book is a memoir, rather than a journalistic account of the Cultural Revolution.<ref name=Capon/><ref name=Branigan1/> Fu has said that a second print of the memoir will correct inaccuracies that have been pointed out.<ref name=Tatlow2/>


== Awards and recognitions ==
== Awards and recognitions ==
For her work with Geomagic, Fu has received a number of awards. In 2003 she was named the [[Ernst & Young]] "Entrepreneur of the Year" for the Carolinas and received the Entrepreneurial Inspiration Award from North Carolina's Council for Entrepreneurial Development.<ref name=FastCompany1/> The following year, ''[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]]'' named her a 2004 "Fast 50" winner.<ref name=FastCompany1 /><ref name=ComputerGraphicsWorld/> In 2005, ''[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]'' magazine named Ping its "Entrepreneur of the Year".<ref name=Smith/>
For her work with Geomagic, Fu has received a number of awards. In 2003 she was named the [[Ernst & Young]] "Entrepreneur of the Year" for the Carolinas and received the Entrepreneurial Inspiration Award from North Carolina's Council for Entrepreneurial Development.<ref name=FastCompany1/> The following year, ''[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]]'' named her a 2004 "Fast 50" winner.<ref name=FastCompany1 /><ref name=ComputerGraphicsWorld/> In 2005, ''[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]]'' magazine named Ping its "Entrepreneur of the Year".<ref name=Smith/>


The America China Business Women’s Alliance awarded Fu its "Business Innovation Award" in 2008<ref name=O>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu of Geomagic receives innovation award |author=Tyler O'Neal |url=http://www.supercomputingonline.com/topics/ping-fu-of-geomagic-receives-innovation-award |work=SC Online News |date=6 November 2008 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> and she received the 2010 "Leadership Award" from the CAD Society.<ref name=ComputerGraphicsWorld>{{cite news |title=CAD Society Announces Ping Fu of Geomagic as Winner of the 2010 CAD Society Leadership Award |url=http://www.cgw.com/Press-Center/News/2010/CAD-Society-Announces-Ping-Fu-of-Geomagic-as-Win.aspx#.URp_gFqjfYk |work=Computer Graphics World |date=19 April 2010 |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> The next year, she was given a "Lifetime Achievement" award by the ''[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]]''.<ref name=Chen/> In 2011 she was given the William C. Friday Award at North Carolina State University,<ref name=Park>{{cite web|url=http://park.ncsu.edu/the-park-experience/friday-award/|title=William C. Friday Award|date=23 February 2011|accessdate=15 December 2013}}</ref> and in 2012, the [[United States Citizenship and Immigration Services]] named Fu as an "Outstanding American by Choice".<ref name=USCIS>{{cite web |url=http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=651214f929685310VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=34165c2af1f9e010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD |title=2012 Outstanding American by Choice Recipients |date=26 June 2012 |work=uscis.gov |publisher=U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services |accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref>
The America China Business Women’s Alliance awarded Fu its "Business Innovation Award" in 2008<ref name=O>{{cite news |title=Ping Fu of Geomagic receives innovation award |author=Tyler O'Neal |url=http://www.supercomputingonline.com/topics/ping-fu-of-geomagic-receives-innovation-award |work=SC Online News |date=6 November 2008 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> and she received the 2010 "Leadership Award" from the CAD Society.<ref name=ComputerGraphicsWorld>{{cite news |title=CAD Society Announces Ping Fu of Geomagic as Winner of the 2010 CAD Society Leadership Award |url=http://www.cgw.com/Press-Center/News/2010/CAD-Society-Announces-Ping-Fu-of-Geomagic-as-Win.aspx#.URp_gFqjfYk |work=Computer Graphics World |date=19 April 2010 |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref> The next year, she was given a "Lifetime Achievement" award by the ''[[American City Business Journals|Triangle Business Journal]]''.<ref name=Chen/> In 2011 she was given the William C. Friday Award at North Carolina State University,<ref name=Park>{{cite web|url=http://park.ncsu.edu/the-park-experience/friday-award/|title=William C. Friday Award|date=23 February 2011|access-date=15 December 2013}}</ref> and in 2012, the [[United States Citizenship and Immigration Services]] named Fu as an "Outstanding American by Choice".<ref name=USCIS>{{cite web |url=http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=651214f929685310VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=34165c2af1f9e010VgnVCM1000000ecd190aRCRD |title=2012 Outstanding American by Choice Recipients |date=26 June 2012 |work=uscis.gov |publisher=U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services |access-date=14 February 2013}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |first=Ping |last=Fu |first2=MeiMei |last2=Fox |title=Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds|publisher=Portfolio Hardcover|pages=288 |ISBN=978-1591845522 |year=2012 |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book |first1=Ping |last1=Fu |first2=MeiMei |last2=Fox |title=Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds|publisher=Portfolio Hardcover|pages=288 |isbn=978-1591845522 |year=2012 }}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}

{{authority control}}


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Fu, Ping}}
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Revision as of 06:58, 28 September 2024

Ping Fu
Born1958 (age 65–66)[1]
Nanjing, China
CitizenshipAmerican
Education
Alma materUniversity of California, San Diego
Occupation(s)Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer, 3D Systems[2][3][4]
Employer3D Systems
Notable workBend, Not Break: A Life In Two Worlds
Board member ofLong Now Foundation
National Advisory Council for Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Live Nation Entertainment
Ping Fu
Chinese傅苹
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinFù Píng

Ping Fu (born 1958) is a Chinese-American entrepreneur. She is the co-founder of 3D software development company Geomagic, and was its chief executive officer until February 2013 when the company was acquired by 3D Systems Inc. As of March 2014, she is the Vice President and Chief Entrepreneur Officer at 3D Systems. Fu grew up in China during the Cultural Revolution and moved to the United States in 1984. She co-founded Geomagic in 1997 with her then-husband Herbert Edelsbrunner, and has been recognized for her achievements with the company through a number of awards, including being named Inc. magazine's 2005 "Entrepreneur of the Year". In 2013, she published her memoir, Bend, Not Break, co-authored with MeiMei Fox.[5]

Early life and education

Ping Fu was born in 1958 in Nanjing, China,[6][7] where her father was a professor at the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA).[8] Fu spent her childhood and early adulthood in China. She grew up during the Cultural Revolution, during which she was separated from both her parents for several years.[9][10] After the end of the Cultural Revolution, she attended the college that later became the Suzhou University[7][11] studying Chinese literature.[12] Fu has related in interviews and in her memoir that she chose to research China's one-child policy for her thesis and traveled to the countryside, where she found that infanticide of female infants was common, as was abortion, even late into pregnancy.[13][14] Fu said that, after turning in her research, she believes it was passed to a newspaper editor who wrote an editorial on the infanticide of female children.[11][15][better source needed] Fu has stated that she was later briefly imprisoned by government officials and was told to leave the country.[16][17] After this event, she left school, without graduating.[18]

Fu left China and arrived in the United States in January 1984.[10] She initially enrolled at the University of New Mexico (UNM) in Albuquerque[15] but later moved to San Diego to study computer science as an undergraduate at the University of California, San Diego.[7] During her time in San Diego, Fu worked part-time at a software company called Resource Systems Group as a programmer and database software consultant.[19] Following her graduation from UC San Diego with a bachelor's degree in computer science, she moved to Illinois, where she took a job with Bell Labs.[7] The company offered a Ph.D assistance program, through which Fu enrolled in the computer science Ph.D program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). At UIUC she completed a master's degree in computer science.[20][21]

Career

National Center for Supercomputing Applications

In the early 1990s, Fu began working at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at UIUC.[9][10] Her focus was on computer graphics and visualization,[21] including projects such as developing the morphing software for animation of the liquid metal T-1000 robot in the film Terminator 2: Judgment Day.[13] While at NCSA, she hired student researcher Marc Andreessen and was his supervisor on the project developing NCSA's Mosaic, an early multimedia web browser credited with popularizing the World Wide Web.[13][22] According to her supervisor, Joseph Hardin, Fu was one of the managers involved in the discussions from which the idea for the browser was developed.[22] In 1994 Ping took a temporary position at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, returning to NCSA in 1995.[23]

Geomagic

In 1996, Marc Andreessen's success with his own company, Netscape, inspired UIUC to encourage entrepreneurship and Fu developed the idea for a company that would combine manufacturing and digital technology, including 3D modeling software, the concept of which she called the "Personal Factory".[24] She founded Geomagic with her then-husband, Herbert Edelsbrunner, whose research formed the basis for the initial software to be developed by the company. In 1997, she left the NCSA to begin operations at Geomagic, taking on the role of CEO.[6][10] The company was originally named Raindrop Geomagic[10] and was based in Champaign-Urbana, Illinois.[7] It was founded with the aim of developing 3D imaging software that could enable customized manufacturing using 3D printers.[15] Initially, Fu and Edelsbrunner funded Geomagic themselves, along with investment from Fu's sister Hong and her husband, and later from a group of angel investors.[7]

In 1999, Fu relocated Geomagic from Illinois to the Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. That year, Franklin Street Partners committed to invest $6.5 million in Geomagic.[7] Fu then hired an experienced executive as CEO who ran Geomagic for two years before stepping down when the company was close to bankruptcy.[15] Fu returned to the role of CEO in 2001, investing her own money into Geomagic and working without a salary in order to continue paying the company's employees. She was able to lead Geomagic back to stability, gaining a significant contract with Align Technology, and Geomagic returned to profitability over the following two years.[10]

From 2001 to 2003, Geomagic's sales tripled under Fu's leadership.[10] The company became known as a leader in digital shape sampling and processing.[7][25][26] After she and Edelsbrunner divorced,[27] he continued to serve as an advisor at Geomagic.[28]

In February 2013, Fu sold Geomagic to 3D Systems Corporation, a 3D printing company. She became the Chief Strategy Officer and Vice-President of 3D Systems.[2][3][29][30]

Other roles

In addition to leading Geomagic, Fu has held a number of advisory roles relating to technology and entrepreneurship and with charitable organizations. She has served on the U.S. National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship since 2010 and is also a member of the National Council on Women in Technology.[31] In 2012, she was appointed to the board of the Long Now Foundation, a non-profit organization focused on long-term thinking and enduring technology.[32] She also serves on the board of the Frank Hawkins Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise at the University of North Carolina,[33] the board of Live Nation Entertainment[34] and is an advisor at Modern Meadow, an organization focused on tissue engineering.[35] Since 2017, Ping has served on the Board of Directors of the Burning Man Project;[36] she first attended Burning Man in 2010, and she gave Burning Man a donation to support the purchase of Fly Ranch.

Memoir

Main article: Bend, Not Break

On December 31, 2012, Fu published a memoir, Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds.[37] Co-authored with MeiMei Fox, the book told the stories of her life, from her early childhood in China to her experiences as an entrepreneur, including founding and leading Geomagic.[38][39] The book received positive reviews from outlets including The Wall Street Journal[17] and Oprah.com.[38]

Beginning in January 2013, commenters in the Amazon.com reviews for the memoir began posting critical reviews, accusing Fu of lying about events in her past.[17] Around the same time, first in English,[15] then in Chinese [40] on Forbes China, Forbes published an interview with Fu that discussed Fu's memoir and her early life, which contained an inaccurate interpretation of where Ping Fu lived during the cultural revolution.[41][42][43] Chinese netizens responded to the piece with criticisms regarding alleged fabrication of events and inconsistencies in media coverage of Fu,[41][44] which raised questions in the media about the veracity of details included in the memoir.[45] Chinese blogger Fang Zhouzi was among the critics[46] and he later raised further questions and criticisms based on earlier media coverage of Fu.[44] Following the initial criticisms from Fang Zhouzi and other critics, commenters appearing to be non-native English speakers knowledgeable about Chinese history posted hundreds of negative comments in the memoir's Amazon.com reviews, leading The Daily Beast and New York Times [47] to conclude that Ping was the subject of an online attack.[17][48]

Fu responded to the criticisms through a public statement,[49] and a post on the Huffington Post website answering questions that were raised about her childhood, education and being forced to leave China.[11] She acknowledged that there were some inaccuracies in the book.[27] She also acknowledged that the Red Guard atrocity she related in the memoir and media interviews regarding a teacher being pulled apart by four horses may have been an emotional memory, the result of hearing tales of such barbarity in old China as a child and having nightmares about it, or seeing it in a movie, rather than actually seeing it.[43][50][51] In response to questions about accuracy of details in the book, her publisher stated that the book is a memoir, rather than a journalistic account of the Cultural Revolution.[46][50] Fu has said that a second print of the memoir will correct inaccuracies that have been pointed out.[51]

Awards and recognitions

For her work with Geomagic, Fu has received a number of awards. In 2003 she was named the Ernst & Young "Entrepreneur of the Year" for the Carolinas and received the Entrepreneurial Inspiration Award from North Carolina's Council for Entrepreneurial Development.[10] The following year, Fast Company named her a 2004 "Fast 50" winner.[10][52] In 2005, Inc. magazine named Ping its "Entrepreneur of the Year".[8]

The America China Business Women’s Alliance awarded Fu its "Business Innovation Award" in 2008[53] and she received the 2010 "Leadership Award" from the CAD Society.[52] The next year, she was given a "Lifetime Achievement" award by the Triangle Business Journal.[6] In 2011 she was given the William C. Friday Award at North Carolina State University,[54] and in 2012, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services named Fu as an "Outstanding American by Choice".[31]

References

  1. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 13)
  2. ^ a b Lauren K. Ohnesorge (3 January 2013). "Geomagic's Ping Fu sells her company to S.C. partner". Triangle Business Journal. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  3. ^ a b Matthew Hall (19 March 2013). "Bending with the winds of 3D change". The Age. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  4. ^ "Manufacturing the Future: Investor Day Presentation" (PDF). 3dsystems.com. 3D Systems. June 2013. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
  5. ^ Fu, Ping; Fox, Meimei (2013). Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds. Penguin. ISBN 978-1591846819.
  6. ^ a b c Monica Chen (26 August 2011). "Ping Fu - Geomagic". Triangle Business Journal. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h John Brant (1 December 2005). "Entrepreneur of the Year: Ping Fu". Inc. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  8. ^ a b Rick Smith (January 2006). "American Dreams Do Come True". Raleigh Metro Magazine. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  9. ^ a b Marsha Walton (10 May 2010). "Geomagic's Ping Fu Rises in Tech Firmament". Women's eNews. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Going For Growth". Fast Company. 1 January 2003. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  11. ^ a b c Ping Fu (1 February 2013). "Clarifying the Facts in Bend, Not Break". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  12. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 3)
  13. ^ a b c Kathleen Schalch (18 March 2006). "Ping Fu: Re-Creating The World In All Its Dimensions". NPR. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  14. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, pp. 253–254)
  15. ^ a b c d e Jenna Goudreau (23 January 2013). "One Woman's Journey From China's Cultural Revolution To Top American Tech Entrepreneur". Forbes. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  16. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 255)
  17. ^ a b c d Harold Evans (11 February 2013). "The Persecution of Ping Fu". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  18. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 258)
  19. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, pp. 66–67)
  20. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 96)
  21. ^ a b Aronson, Deb (July 2007). "The Tao of Fu". Illinois Alumni Magazine. University of Illinois Alumni Association. Archived from the original on 2010-02-28.
  22. ^ a b Paul Andrews (5 October 1997). "Profit Without Honor". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  23. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, p. 131)
  24. ^ Fu & Fox (2012, pp. 134, 149–152)
  25. ^ James Hilton (May 2008). "AI Interview with Ping Fu, president and CEO of Geomagic Inc". Automotive Industries. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  26. ^ "NCWIT Interview with Ping Fu" (PDF). National Center for Women & Information Technology. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  27. ^ a b Didi Kirsten Tatlow (20 February 2013). "True or False? The Tussle Over Ping Fu's Memoir". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  28. ^ "Advisors". geomagic.com. Geomagic. 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
  29. ^ "3D Systems Releases Geomagic Designer Packages". 2013-04-25. Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  30. ^ "People at DDD - Executives, Board & Key Employees at 3D Systems Corp. - WSJ.com". Retrieved 2013-05-28.
  31. ^ a b "2012 Outstanding American by Choice Recipients". uscis.gov. U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services. 26 June 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  32. ^ "Ping Fu joins the Long Now board". longnow.org. Long Now Foundation. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  33. ^ "Ping Fu". kenaninstiture.unc.edu. University of North Carolina. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  34. ^ "Dana Walden Joins Live Nation Board". Hollywood Reporter. 8 June 2018. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
  35. ^ "Advisors". modernmeadow.com. Modern Meadow. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  36. ^ "Welcome Ping Fu and Dennis Bartels to the Burning Man Project Board". Burning Man Journal. Burning Man Projeect. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  37. ^ "About: Bend, Not Break". Penguin.com. Penguin Group USA. 31 December 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  38. ^ a b Leigh Newman. "New Memoirs So Powerful They'll Turn Your Life Inside Out". oprah.com. Harpo Productions. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
  39. ^ Melanie Kirkpatrick (8 January 2013). "The Art Of Resilience". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
  40. ^ Jenna Goudreau (25 January 2013). "从文化大革命到高科技企业家：傅苹的人生路". Forbes.
  41. ^ a b Jenna Goudreau (31 January 2013). "'Bend, Not Break' Author Ping Fu Responds To Backlash". Forbes. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
  42. ^ Russell Flannery (31 January 2013). "One Bold And Controversial Lady: "Bend, Not Break" Author Ping Fu". Forbes. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  43. ^ a b Philip Sherwell (10 February 2013). "Chinese-American tech boss Ping Fu denies inventing Cultural Revolution horrors". The Telegraph. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  44. ^ a b Josh Rudolph (7 February 2013). "Ping Fu Defends Memoir After Chinese Netizens Attack". China Digital Times. Retrieved 8 April 2013.
  45. ^ Tania Branigan; Ed Pilkington (13 February 2013). "Ping Fu's childhood tales of China's cultural revolution spark controversy". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  46. ^ a b Felicity Capon (5 February 2013). "Doubts over Chinese author lauded by Michelle Obama". The Telegraph. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  47. ^ JOE NOCERA (28 June 2013). "Cultural Revolution Vigilantes". New York Times. Retrieved 29 June 2013.
  48. ^ Katie Baker (4 February 2013). "Ping Fu Defends 'Bend, Not Break' Memoir Against Online Chinese Attack". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  49. ^ Ping Fu (1 February 2013). "Sad, But Not Broken". Huffington Post. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  50. ^ a b Tania Branigan; Ed Pilkington (4 February 2013). "Chinese cast doubt over executive's rags to riches tale". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 February 2013.
  51. ^ a b Didi Kirsten Tatlow (20 February 2013). "Ensnared in the Trap of Memory". The New York Times. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  52. ^ a b "CAD Society Announces Ping Fu of Geomagic as Winner of the 2010 CAD Society Leadership Award". Computer Graphics World. 19 April 2010. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  53. ^ Tyler O'Neal (6 November 2008). "Ping Fu of Geomagic receives innovation award". SC Online News. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  54. ^ "William C. Friday Award". 23 February 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
  • Fu, Ping; Fox, MeiMei (2012). Bend, Not Break: A Life in Two Worlds. Portfolio Hardcover. p. 288. ISBN 978-1591845522.
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