Turkish Football Championship: Difference between revisions

Türkiye Futbol Şampiyonası
Founded	1924
Folded	1951
Country	Turkey
Number of clubs	various
Level on pyramid	1
Relegation to	None
Domestic cup(s)	Prime Minister's Cup
Last champions	Beşiktaş (2nd title)
Most championships	Fenerbahçe (3 titles); Harp Okulu (3 titles)

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The Turkish Football Championship (Turkish: Türkiye Futbol Şampiyonası) was a top-level football competition in Turkey. It was the first nationwide championship in Turkish football history. The championship was organised by the Turkish Football Federation (then called Futbol Hey'et-i Müttehidesi).^[1] The tournament system was based on a knockout competition, contested between the winners of each of the country's regional leagues.

After 1951 and the professionalization of Turkish football, the competition continued under the name Turkish Amateur Football Championship (Turkish: Türkiye Amatör Futbol Şampiyonası) with a completely different status. It was no longer the top-flight championship in Turkey, leaving only amateur teams as participants.

Fenerbahçe and Harp Okulu are the most successful clubs with three titles.^[2]^[3]^[4]

History

The first competition was held in 1924.^[5] Qualified for the tournament were the champions of the various Turkish regional leagues. The only exceptions were Harbiye and Bahriye, the clubs of the Turkish Military Academy and Naval Academy respectively. Both clubs were included by the Turkish Football Federation (TFF) as military clubs, and not as champions of a civilian regional league. Then the competition was not held for the following two years due to insufficient funds.

In 1927 the Turkish government funded the championship and the expenses of the clubs, so that they could afford the trip to the capital Ankara, where all matches took place in the first two editions.^[6] The third edition was started in 1932 and the series continued until the end of the season in 1935.

The competition was not held for the following four years. In this period the Turkish National Division, the first national football league in Turkey, was introduced by the TFF. From 1940 to 1950, both national championships were held at the same time. The difference between both tournaments was the competition system and the qualification criteria. In 1944 a special super cup, the Prime Minister's Cup, was launched by the TFF, which was competed by the winners of both championships. It was one of the earliest football super cups in the world.^[7] The cup was held in that format until 1950, when the National Division was concluded.

The championship was resumed again in 1940 and was played every year (except for 1943 and 1948) until 1951. In 1942 a new format was introduced. From this year on the champions were decided in the so-called Final Group, which consisted of the champions of the three major regional leagues (Istanbul, Ankara, and İzmir Leagues), and the winners of a qualification play-off, contested by the winners of the regional qualification groups. The 1951 edition was the last one as the top-level championship, as Turkish football became professional in September 1951. From then on the competition continued under the name Turkish Amateur Football Championship until 1996, consisting only of amateur teams.

Champions

Year	Winners	Runners-up
1924	Harbiye (1)	Bahriye
1925–26	Not held due to insufficient funds.
1927	Muhafızgücü (1)^[6]	Altınordu
1928–31	Not held due to the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and insufficient funds.
1932	İstanbulspor (1)	Altınordu
1933	Fenerbahçe (1)	İzmirspor
1934	Beşiktaş (1)	Altay
1935	Fenerbahçe (2)	Altınordu
1936–39	Not held due to the introduction of the National League.
1940	Eskişehir Demirspor (1)	Fenerbahçe
1941	Gençlerbirliği (1)	Beşiktaş
1942	Harp Okulu (2)	Göztepe
1943	Not held
1944	Fenerbahçe (3)	Harp Okulu
1945	Harp Okulu (3)	İzmit Harp Filosu
1946	Gençlerbirliği (2)	Beşiktaş
1947	Ankara Demirspor (1)	Fenerbahçe
1948	Not held due to the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.
1949	Ankaragücü (1)	Galatasaray
1950	Göztepe (1)	Gençlerbirliği
1951	Beşiktaş (2)	Altay

Source:^[2]

Performance by club

Club	Titles	Runners-up	Years won
Fenerbahçe	3	2	1933, 1935, 1944
Harp Okulu	3	1	1924, 1942, 1945
Beşiktaş	2	2	1934, 1951
Gençlerbirliği	2	1	1941, 1946
Göztepe	1	1	1950
Muhafızgücü	1	–	1927
İstanbulspor	1	–	1932
Eskişehir Demirspor	1	–	1940
Ankara Demirspor	1	–	1947
Ankaragücü	1	–	1949
Altınordu	–	3	–
Altay	–	2	–
Bahriye	–	1	–
İzmirspor	–	1	–
İzmit Harp Filosu	–	1	–
Galatasaray	–	1	–

External links

RSSSF

References

^ "1936'ya kadar süren bu dönemde ilk Türkiye Şampiyonası Ankara'da yapılmış ve şampiyon Harbiye olmuştur". www.tff.org (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Turkey – List of Champions". RSSSF. RSSSF. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
^ "Futbolda Türkiye Şampiyonluklarımız". fenerbahce.org (in Turkish). Fenerbahçe SK Official Website. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
^ "Türkiye Futbol Birinciliği". Erdinç Sivritepe. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
^ "TamSaha dergisi – Memleketin ilk futbol birincisi" (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation, Mehmet Yüce. p. 66. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
^ ^a ^b "TamSaha" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation, Mehmet Yüce. p. 90. Retrieved 18 December 2017. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
^ "First National League and Cup Competitions and a Super Cup". Erdinç Sivritepe. Retrieved 4 March 2018.

Sources

Yüce, Mehmet (2015). İdmancı Ruhlar: Futbol Tarihimizin Klasik Devreleri: 1923–1952. Türkiye Futbol Tarihi (in Turkish). Vol. 2. Istanbul: İletişim Yayınları. ISBN 9789750516955.
Arıpınar, Erdoğan; et al. (June 1992). Türk Futbol Tarihi 1904–1991 (in Turkish). Vol. 1. Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu Yayınları.

[1] "1936'ya kadar süren bu dönemde ilk Türkiye Şampiyonası Ankara'da yapılmış ve şampiyon Harbiye olmuştur". www.tff.org (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved 26 October 2017.

[RSSSF-2] "Turkey – List of Champions". RSSSF. RSSSF. Retrieved 25 February 2018.

[Turkish_championships-3] "Futbolda Türkiye Şampiyonluklarımız". fenerbahce.org (in Turkish). Fenerbahçe SK Official Website. Retrieved 15 February 2019.

[4] "Türkiye Futbol Birinciliği". Erdinç Sivritepe. Retrieved 26 October 2017.

[TamSaha-5] "TamSaha dergisi – Memleketin ilk futbol birincisi" (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation, Mehmet Yüce. p. 66. Archived from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.

[TamSaha2-6] "TamSaha" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation, Mehmet Yüce. p. 90. Retrieved 18 December 2017. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)

[7] "First National League and Cup Competitions and a Super Cup". Erdinç Sivritepe. Retrieved 4 March 2018.

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v t e Top level Turkish football league seasons
Türkiye Futbol Şampiyonası	1924 1927 1932 1933 1934 1935 1940 1941 1942 1944 1945 1946 1947 1949 1950 1951
Millî Küme	1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1950
Federasyon Kupası	1956–57 1957–58
Millî Lig	1959 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63
1. Lig	1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01
Süper Lig	2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21 2021–22 2022–23 2023–24 2024–25
Champions	Fenerbahçe (28) Galatasaray (25) Beşiktaş (21) Trabzonspor (7) Harp Okulu (3) Gençlerbirliği (2) Muhafızgücü (1) İstanbulspor (1) Güneş (1) Eskişehir Demirspor (1) Ankara Demirspor (1) Ankaragücü (1) Göztepe (1) Bursaspor (1) Başakşehir (1)

v t e Top-level men's football leagues of Europe (UEFA)
Current	Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark England Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Georgia Germany Gibraltar Greece Hungary Iceland Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kosovo Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Northern Ireland Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Ireland Romania Russia San Marino Scotland Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine Wales
Defunct	Austria Tagblatt Pokal Gauliga Ostmark Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Republic State Czechoslovakia Denmark East Germany England Finland Germany Bezirksliga Bayern Gauliga Kreisliga Bayern Hessen Nordmain Odenwald Pfalz Saar Südmain Südwest Württemberg Nordkreis-Liga Oberliga Berlin Oberliga Nord Oberliga Süd Oberliga Südwest Oberliga West Südkreis-Liga Westkreis-Liga Gibraltar Herzeg-Bosnia Mandatory Palestine Scotland Premier Division Premier League Saarland Serbia and Montenegro Soviet Union Turkey Turkish Championship National Division Yugoslavia
Liechtenstein is the only UEFA member association without a national league.