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{{Short description|Norwegian pianist and composer (1847–1907)}} |
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[[File:Agathe Backer Grøndahl.jpg|thumb|250px|Agathe Backer Grøndahl, |
[[File:Agathe Backer Grøndahl.jpg|thumb|250px|Agathe Backer Grøndahl, {{c.|1870}}]] |
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'''Agathe Ursula Backer Grøndahl''' (1 December 1847 – 4 June 1907) was a |
'''Agathe Ursula Backer Grøndahl''' (1 December 1847 – 4 June 1907) was a [[Norwegians|Norwegian]] [[pianist]] and [[composer]]. Her son [[Fridtjof Backer-Grøndahl]] (1885–1959) was also a pianist and composer, who promoted his mother's compositions in his concerts. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Agathe Backer was born in [[Holmestrand]] in 1847,<ref name=Backer>{{cite book|last=Backer|first=Theodore|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Musicians|year=1905|publisher=G. Schirmer|location=New York|pages=33|url=http://hz.imslp.net/files/imglnks/usimg/5/5a/IMSLP95741-PMLP192847-A_biographical_dictionary_of_musicians_1905_stanford.pdf}}</ref> in a wealthy and art-loving home, as the second youngest of four sisters, all gifted in drawing and music. In 1857 she moved with her family to [[Oslo|Christiania]], where she studied with [[Otto Winther-Hjelm]], [[Halfdan Kjerulf]] and [[Ludvig Mathias Lindeman]].<ref name=Backer/> Between 1865 and 1867 she became a pupil of [[Theodor Kullak]] and studied composition under [[Richard Wuerst]] at the ''Akademie der Tonkunst'' in [[Berlin]],<ref name=Backer/> where she lived together with her sister [[Harriet Backer]].<ref name="Dahm">{{cite web|last=Dahm|first=Cecilie|title=Agathe Backer Grøndahl|url=http://snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Agathe_Backer_Gr%C3%B8ndahl/utdypning|work=Store Norske Leksikon|publisher=SNL|accessdate=23 June 2012|language=no}}</ref> She won fame there with her interpretation of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)|"Emperor" Concerto]]. |
'''Agathe Ursula Backer''' was born in [[Holmestrand]] in 1847,<ref name=Backer>{{cite book|last=Backer|first=Theodore|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Musicians|year=1905|publisher=G. Schirmer|location=New York|pages=33|url=http://hz.imslp.net/files/imglnks/usimg/5/5a/IMSLP95741-PMLP192847-A_biographical_dictionary_of_musicians_1905_stanford.pdf|access-date=2017-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226020652/http://hz.imslp.net/files/imglnks/usimg/5/5a/IMSLP95741-PMLP192847-A_biographical_dictionary_of_musicians_1905_stanford.pdf|archive-date=2017-12-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> in a wealthy and art-loving home, as the second youngest of four sisters, all gifted in drawing and music. In 1857, she moved with her family to [[Oslo|Christiania]], where she studied with [[Otto Winther-Hjelm]], [[Halfdan Kjerulf]] and [[Ludvig Mathias Lindeman]].<ref name=Backer/> Between 1865 and 1867 she became a pupil of [[Theodor Kullak]] and studied composition under [[Richard Wuerst]] at the ''Akademie der Tonkunst'' in [[Berlin]],<ref name=Backer/> where she lived together with her sister [[Harriet Backer]].<ref name="Dahm">{{cite web|last=Dahm|first=Cecilie|title=Agathe Backer Grøndahl|url=http://snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Agathe_Backer_Gr%C3%B8ndahl/utdypning|work=Store Norske Leksikon|publisher=SNL|accessdate=23 June 2012|language=no}}</ref> She won fame there with her interpretation of [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)|"Emperor" Concerto]]. |
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After her arrival to Norway in 1868, she debuted with [[Edvard Grieg]], then 26 years old, as conductor of the Philharmonic Society.<ref name="Dahm"/> A recommendation from [[Ole Bull]] led to further studies with [[Hans von Bülow]] in [[Florence]] in 1871.<ref name=Backer/><ref group="n">Her songs from this early period are in the German Romantic tradition of [[Felix Mendelssohn]] and [[Robert Schumann]], but also reflect her own ability to shape a melody and use the piano in a rich manner.</ref> Later the same year she played at the [[Gewandhaus]] in [[Leipzig]], becoming a pupil of [[Franz Liszt]] in [[Weimar]] in 1873.<ref name=Backer/> In 1874 she married the conductor and singing teacher [[Olaus Andreas Grøndahl]], and was generally known thereafter as '''Agathe Backer Grøndahl'''.<ref>{{ Cite book | author = Dahm, Cecilie | year = 1998 | title = Agathe Backer Grøndahl: komponisten og pianisten | isbn = 8256011521 | place = Oslo | publisher = Solum | url = http://urn.nb.no/URN:NBN:no-nb_digibok_2010062508041 }}</ref> During the second half of the 1870s she built up an outstanding pianist career with a series of concerts in the Nordic countries, also playing with very great success in [[London]] and [[Paris]]. |
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[[File:Norske komponister ved Musikkfesten i Bergen, 1898.jpg|thumb|left|1898 Music festival in Bergen by [[Agnes Nyblin]]. Left to right: [[Christian Cappelen]], [[Catharinus Elling]], [[Ole Olsen (musician)|Ole Olsen]], [[Gerhard Schjelderup|Gerhard Rosenkrone Schelderup]], [[Iver Holter]], Agathe Backer Grøndahl, [[Edvard Grieg]], [[Christian Sinding]], [[Johan Svendsen]] and [[Johan Halvorsen]] ]] |
[[File:Norske komponister ved Musikkfesten i Bergen, 1898.jpg|thumb|left|1898 Music festival in Bergen by [[Agnes Nyblin]]. Left to right: [[Christian Cappelen]], [[Catharinus Elling]], [[Ole Olsen (musician)|Ole Olsen]], [[Gerhard Schjelderup|Gerhard Rosenkrone Schelderup]], [[Iver Holter]], Agathe Backer Grøndahl, [[Edvard Grieg]], [[Christian Sinding]], [[Johan Svendsen]] and [[Johan Halvorsen]] ]] |
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In 1889 and 1890 she gave concerts in London and [[Birmingham]] with a wide-ranging program, including Grieg's [[piano concerto]].<ref name="Dahm"/> After that she was proclaimed one of the century's greatest piano artists by [[George Bernard Shaw]], who also remarked on the sensitiveness, symmetry and artistic economy of her compositions.<ref>Shaw, G B. Shaw's Music. ed D. Laurence. The Bodley Head. Vol 1, pp 654-710</ref> At the World Exhibition in Paris in 1889, she repeated her success with her brilliant interpretation of Grieg's piano concerto.<ref name="Dahm"/> It was then that she began |
In 1889 and 1890 she gave concerts in London and [[Birmingham]] with a wide-ranging program, including Grieg's [[piano concerto]].<ref name="Dahm"/> After that she was proclaimed one of the century's greatest piano artists by [[George Bernard Shaw]], who also remarked on the sensitiveness, symmetry and artistic economy of her compositions.<ref>Shaw, G B. Shaw's Music. ed D. Laurence. The Bodley Head. Vol 1, pp 654-710</ref> At the World Exhibition in Paris in 1889, she repeated her success with her brilliant interpretation of Grieg's piano concerto.<ref name="Dahm"/> It was then that she began experiencing nerve problems, although she eventually resumed her artistic career as a pianist. Later in the 1890s she became almost completely [[deaf]]. She gave her last concerts in Sweden and Finland in the autumn of 1901. Then she retired to teaching. |
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⚫ | As a teacher she was markedly successful and influential. Her students included [[Erika Stang]] and [[Bertha Tapper]]. Her children studied under her and are counted with her gifted pupils. She was the author of many songs and a great deal of music for the piano, and both as pianist and composer stands at the head of modern music in Norway.<ref name=Hubbard>{{cite book|last=Hubbard|first=W. L.|title=The American history and encyclopedia of music - Vol. 5|year=1908|publisher=Toledo, New York|pages=33–34|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanhistorye05hubbiala/americanhistorye05hubbiala_djvu.txt}}</ref> Agathe Backer Grøndahl died at her home in [[Ormøya]], outside Christiania, at the age of 59.<ref name="Dahm"/> She is today chiefly remembered for her piano pieces and songs. |
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=== Teaching style === |
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⚫ | As a teacher she was markedly successful and influential. Her children studied under her and are counted with her gifted pupils. She was the author of many songs and a great deal of music for the piano, and both as pianist and composer stands at the head of modern music in Norway.<ref name=Hubbard>{{cite book|last=Hubbard|first=W. L.|title=The American history and encyclopedia of music - Vol. 5|year=1908|publisher=Toledo, New York|pages=33–34|url=https://archive.org/stream/americanhistorye05hubbiala/americanhistorye05hubbiala_djvu.txt}}</ref> Agathe Backer Grøndahl died at her home in [[Ormøya]], outside Christiania, at the age of 59.<ref name="Dahm"/> She is today chiefly remembered for her piano pieces and songs. |
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=== Compositional style === |
=== Compositional style === |
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Agathe Backer |
Agathe Backer Grøndahl played a major role in the period often called the golden age of Norwegian music history. She composed in total some 400 pieces spanning seventy opus numbers. She was a prominent character on the Norwegian musical scene and a close friend of [[Edvard Grieg]]. Her earlier compositions synthesized the predominant pianistic and stylistic ideas of 1850s Europe. In her later years however, her style transformed and anticipated some of the early twentieth century impressionistic ideas, which ultimately led the composer [[Pauline Hall (composer)|Pauline Hall]] to call her the first true Norwegian impressionist. |
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== List of works == |
== List of works == |
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*''6 concert-etuder,'' Op. 11 (1881) |
*''6 concert-etuder,'' Op. 11 (1881) |
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*''3 morceaux,'' Op. 15 (1882) |
*''3 morceaux,'' Op. 15 (1882) |
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*''4 skizzer,'' Op. 19 (1886) |
*''4 {{lang|de|skizzer}},'' Op. 19 (1886) |
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*''Suite, 5 movements'' Op. 20 (1887) |
*''Suite, 5 movements'' Op. 20 (1887) |
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*''3 études,'' Op. 22 (1888) |
*''3 études,'' Op. 22 (1888) |
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*''Concert-études,'' Op. 58 (Copenhagen, 1903) |
*''Concert-études,'' Op. 58 (Copenhagen, 1903) |
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*''6 klaverstykker,'' Op. 59 (1903) |
*''6 klaverstykker,'' Op. 59 (1903) |
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*''Prélude, Op.61, No. 1 (Copenhagen, 1904) |
*''Prélude,'' Op.61, No. 1 (Copenhagen, 1904) |
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**''Grand menuet, Op.61, No. 2 |
**''Grand menuet,'' Op.61, No. 2 |
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*''Lettere fantasistykker,'' Op. 63 (Copenhagen, 1904) |
*''Lettere fantasistykker,'' Op. 63 (Copenhagen, 1904) |
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*''Danse burlesque, Op.64, No. 1 (1905) |
*''Danse burlesque,'' Op.64, No. 1 (1905) |
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**''Valse caprice,'' Op.64, No. 2 |
**''Valse caprice,'' Op.64, No. 2 |
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*''Barnlige Billeder [Children Pictures], 6 fantasias,'' Op. 66 (1905) |
*''Barnlige Billeder [Children Pictures], 6 fantasias,'' Op. 66 (1905) |
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*{{ChoralWiki|Agathe Backer Grøndahl}} |
*{{ChoralWiki|Agathe Backer Grøndahl}} |
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*[http://www.lieder.net/lieder/get_settings.html?ComposerId=3264 Vocal texts with translations] at [http://www.lieder.net/ The LiederNet Archive] |
*[http://www.lieder.net/lieder/get_settings.html?ComposerId=3264 Vocal texts with translations] at [http://www.lieder.net/ The LiederNet Archive] |
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*[http://www.grovemusic.com Grinde, Nils: "Grondahl, Agathe Backer (Ursula)"], Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 March 2007) |
*[http://www.grovemusic.com Grinde, Nils: "Grondahl, Agathe Backer (Ursula)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516041031/http://www.grovemusic.com/ |date=2008-05-16 }}, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 March 2007) |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070531023407/http://www.leonarda.com/composers-LE/comp338a.html Agathe Backer Grøndahl] at Leonarda Records |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070531023407/http://www.leonarda.com/composers-LE/comp338a.html Agathe Backer Grøndahl] at Leonarda Records |
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*[http://www.pianopedia.com/w_6785_grondahl.aspx Fantasistykker] at Pianopedia.com |
*[http://www.pianopedia.com/w_6785_grondahl.aspx Fantasistykker] at Pianopedia.com |
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*[http://www.kapralova.org/journal12.PDF Hambro, Camilla: ''Agathe Backer Grøndahl (1847–1907): "A perfectly plain woman?''], The Kapralova Society Journal (2009), vol. 7 no. 1 |
*[http://www.kapralova.org/journal12.PDF Hambro, Camilla: ''Agathe Backer Grøndahl (1847–1907): "A perfectly plain woman?''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801235717/http://www.kapralova.org/journal12.PDF |date=2019-08-01 }}, The Kapralova Society Journal (2009), vol. 7 no. 1 |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:1847 births]] |
[[Category:1847 births]] |
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[[Category:1907 deaths]] |
[[Category:1907 deaths]] |
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[[Category:19th-century classical composers]] |
[[Category:19th-century Norwegian classical composers]] |
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[[Category:19th-century Norwegian pianists]] |
[[Category:19th-century Norwegian pianists]] |
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[[Category:20th-century classical pianists]] |
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[[Category:19th-century women composers]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:11, 10 November 2024
Agathe Ursula Backer Grøndahl (1 December 1847 – 4 June 1907) was a Norwegian pianist and composer. Her son Fridtjof Backer-Grøndahl (1885–1959) was also a pianist and composer, who promoted his mother's compositions in his concerts.
Biography
[edit]Agathe Ursula Backer was born in Holmestrand in 1847,[1] in a wealthy and art-loving home, as the second youngest of four sisters, all gifted in drawing and music. In 1857, she moved with her family to Christiania, where she studied with Otto Winther-Hjelm, Halfdan Kjerulf and Ludvig Mathias Lindeman.[1] Between 1865 and 1867 she became a pupil of Theodor Kullak and studied composition under Richard Wuerst at the Akademie der Tonkunst in Berlin,[1] where she lived together with her sister Harriet Backer.[2] She won fame there with her interpretation of Beethoven's "Emperor" Concerto.
After her arrival to Norway in 1868, she debuted with Edvard Grieg, then 26 years old, as conductor of the Philharmonic Society.[2] A recommendation from Ole Bull led to further studies with Hans von Bülow in Florence in 1871.[1][n 1] Later the same year she played at the Gewandhaus in Leipzig, becoming a pupil of Franz Liszt in Weimar in 1873.[1] In 1874 she married the conductor and singing teacher Olaus Andreas Grøndahl, and was generally known thereafter as Agathe Backer Grøndahl.[3] During the second half of the 1870s she built up an outstanding pianist career with a series of concerts in the Nordic countries, also playing with very great success in London and Paris.
In 1889 and 1890 she gave concerts in London and Birmingham with a wide-ranging program, including Grieg's piano concerto.[2] After that she was proclaimed one of the century's greatest piano artists by George Bernard Shaw, who also remarked on the sensitiveness, symmetry and artistic economy of her compositions.[4] At the World Exhibition in Paris in 1889, she repeated her success with her brilliant interpretation of Grieg's piano concerto.[2] It was then that she began experiencing nerve problems, although she eventually resumed her artistic career as a pianist. Later in the 1890s she became almost completely deaf. She gave her last concerts in Sweden and Finland in the autumn of 1901. Then she retired to teaching.
As a teacher she was markedly successful and influential. Her students included Erika Stang and Bertha Tapper. Her children studied under her and are counted with her gifted pupils. She was the author of many songs and a great deal of music for the piano, and both as pianist and composer stands at the head of modern music in Norway.[5] Agathe Backer Grøndahl died at her home in Ormøya, outside Christiania, at the age of 59.[2] She is today chiefly remembered for her piano pieces and songs.
Compositional style
[edit]Agathe Backer Grøndahl played a major role in the period often called the golden age of Norwegian music history. She composed in total some 400 pieces spanning seventy opus numbers. She was a prominent character on the Norwegian musical scene and a close friend of Edvard Grieg. Her earlier compositions synthesized the predominant pianistic and stylistic ideas of 1850s Europe. In her later years however, her style transformed and anticipated some of the early twentieth century impressionistic ideas, which ultimately led the composer Pauline Hall to call her the first true Norwegian impressionist.
List of works
[edit]Songs
[edit]- 3 Songs, Op. 1, (1868–9)
- 5 Songs, Op. 2, (1871)
- 5 Songs, Op. 3, (1870–73)
- 7 Songs, Op. 4, (1869–74)
- 4 Songs, Op. 5, (1871–2)
- 6 Songs, Op. 6 (1867–71)
- Summer Life, 4 Songs, Op. 7
- 5 Songs, Op. 8 (1871–6)
- 6 Songs, Op. 9 (1871–9)
- 4 Songs, Op. 10 (1871–5)
- 5 Songs, Op. 12 (1879)
- 5 Songs, Op. 13 (1881)
- 6 deutsche Lieder, Op. 14
- 6 Songs, Op. 16
- Songs at Sea, Op. 17 (1884)
- 7 Folkeviser og Romanser, Op. 18
- Serenade, Op. 21 (1888)
- 5 Songs, Op. 23 (1888)
- 6 Songs, Op. 26 (1890)
- 6 Songs, Op. 27 (1890)
- Chant de Noces: Bryllupsmorgen, Op. 28 (1890)
- 10 Songs, Op. 29, (1892)
- 10 Songs, Op. 31, (1894)
- Norske folkeviser, arrangements, Op. 34 (1894)
- The Night is Calm, Old Folks Waltz, Op. 40 (1897)
- 5 Songs, Op. 41 (1897)
- The Child's Spring Day, song cycle, Op. 42 (1899)
- 8 kjaempeviser, Op. 43 (1896–7)
- 20 folke- og skjaemteviser, Op. 43 (1896–7)
- 5 Songs, Op. 46, (1897–9)
- 2 Sange fra havet, Op. 48
- 3 Sange i moll, Op. 49
- Sommer (Jynge), 8 songs, Op. 50 (1899)
- 12 folkeviser og melodier fra fremmede lande, Op. 51 (1902)
- The Mother Sings, 8 songs, Op. 52 (1900)
- Sydover 6 songs, Op. 54 1900
- Ahasverus, 6 songs, Op. 56 (1900)
- 6 deutsche Liebeslieder aus der Jugend, Op. 60 (1869–1900)
- Clover Field, Op. 62 (1901)
- 4 Songs, Op. 65 (1901–4)
- One more Glimpse, Op. 70 (1907)
Piano solo
[edit]- 6 concert-etuder, Op. 11 (1881)
- 3 morceaux, Op. 15 (1882)
- 4 skizzer, Op. 19 (1886)
- Suite, 5 movements Op. 20 (1887)
- 3 études, Op. 22 (1888)
- 6 idylles, Op. 24 (1888)
- 3 klaverstykker, Op. 25 (1890)
- Norske folkeviser og folkedanse, Op. 30 (1891)
- 3 études de concert, Op. 32 (Copenhagen, 1895)
- Norske folkeviser og folkedanse, Op. 33 (1894)
- 3 klaverstykker, Op. 35 (1894)
- Fantasistykker, Op. 36 (1895)
- Serenade, Op. 37 (1896)
- 3 ungarske studier, Op. 38 (1896)
- Fantasistykker, Op. 39 (1896)
- In the Blue Mountain, fairytale suite, 6 pieces, Op. 44 (1897)
- Fantasistykker, Op. 45 (1897)
- Etudes de concert, Op. 47 (Copenhagen, 1901)
- 3 klaverstykker, Op. 53 (1900)
- Smaa fantasistykker, Op. 55 (1902)
- Etudes de concert, Op. 57 (Copenhagen, 1903)
- Concert-études, Op. 58 (Copenhagen, 1903)
- 6 klaverstykker, Op. 59 (1903)
- Prélude, Op.61, No. 1 (Copenhagen, 1904)
- Grand menuet, Op.61, No. 2
- Lettere fantasistykker, Op. 63 (Copenhagen, 1904)
- Danse burlesque, Op.64, No. 1 (1905)
- Valse caprice, Op.64, No. 2
- Barnlige Billeder [Children Pictures], 6 fantasias, Op. 66 (1905)
- 2 klaverstykker, Op. 68 (1907)
- 3 klaverstykker, Op. 69 (1907)
Discography
[edit]- Kirsten Flagstad-Songs (1994)
- Kirsten Flagstad Early Recordings 1914-1941 (1995)
- The Danish Nightingale (1995)
- Povla Frijsh - The Complete Recordings (1995)
- Women Composers (1996)
- Women's Voices: Five Centuries of Song (1997)
- Norsk Romances (2000)
- Bravourisimo - Wiener Boheme Quartett (2000)
- Agathe Backer Grøndahl (2000)
- Agathe Backer Grøndahl: Piano Music (2001)
- Norwegian Classical Favorites (2004)
- Women's Work: Solo Piano Music (2006)
- Noel (2006)
- Agathe Backer Grøndahl: Complete Piano Music, Vols. 1 - 5: Natalia Strelchenko (2007)
Notes
[edit]- ^ Her songs from this early period are in the German Romantic tradition of Felix Mendelssohn and Robert Schumann, but also reflect her own ability to shape a melody and use the piano in a rich manner.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Backer, Theodore (1905). A Biographical Dictionary of Musicians (PDF). New York: G. Schirmer. p. 33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-12-26. Retrieved 2017-12-25.
- ^ a b c d e Dahm, Cecilie. "Agathe Backer Grøndahl". Store Norske Leksikon (in Norwegian). SNL. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
- ^ Dahm, Cecilie (1998). Agathe Backer Grøndahl: komponisten og pianisten. Oslo: Solum. ISBN 8256011521.
- ^ Shaw, G B. Shaw's Music. ed D. Laurence. The Bodley Head. Vol 1, pp 654-710
- ^ Hubbard, W. L. (1908). The American history and encyclopedia of music - Vol. 5. Toledo, New York. pp. 33–34.
External links
[edit]- Free scores by Agathe Backer Grøndahl at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
- Free scores by Agathe Backer Grøndahl in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
- Vocal texts with translations at The LiederNet Archive
- Grinde, Nils: "Grondahl, Agathe Backer (Ursula)" Archived 2008-05-16 at the Wayback Machine, Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed 28 March 2007)
- Agathe Backer Grøndahl at Leonarda Records
- Fantasistykker at Pianopedia.com
- Hambro, Camilla: Agathe Backer Grøndahl (1847–1907): "A perfectly plain woman? Archived 2019-08-01 at the Wayback Machine, The Kapralova Society Journal (2009), vol. 7 no. 1
- 1847 births
- 1907 deaths
- 19th-century Norwegian classical composers
- 19th-century classical pianists
- 19th-century Norwegian pianists
- 20th-century Norwegian classical composers
- 20th-century classical pianists
- 20th-century Norwegian pianists
- Burials at the Cemetery of Our Saviour
- Deaf classical musicians
- Norwegian deaf people
- Norwegian women classical composers
- Norwegian classical pianists
- Norwegian Romantic composers
- Norwegian women pianists
- Norwegian women classical pianists
- Composers for piano
- 20th-century women composers
- 19th-century women composers
- People from Holmestrand
- 19th-century women pianists
- 20th-century women pianists