The Towering Inferno

This article is about the film. For the band, see Towering Inferno (band). For the 1982 video game, see Towering Inferno (video game). For real life cases of fire in tall buildings, see Skyscraper fire.

The Towering Inferno
Theatrical release poster by John Berkey
Directed by	John Guillermin
Screenplay by	Stirling Silliphant
Based on	The Tower by Richard Martin Stern The Glass Inferno by Thomas N. Scortia & Frank M. Robinson
Produced by	Irwin Allen
Starring	Steve McQueen Paul Newman William Holden Faye Dunaway Fred Astaire Susan Blakely Richard Chamberlain Jennifer Jones O. J. Simpson Robert Vaughn Robert Wagner
Cinematography	Fred J. Koenekamp Joseph Biroc
Edited by	Carl Kress Harold F. Kress
Music by	John Williams
Production company	Irwin Allen Productions
Distributed by	20th Century Fox (United States) Warner Bros. (International)
Release date	December 14, 1974 (1974-12-14)
Running time	165 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$14 million
Box office	$203.3 million

The Towering Inferno is a 1974 American disaster film produced by Irwin Allen featuring an ensemble cast led by Paul Newman and Steve McQueen. Directed by John Guillermin, the film is a co-production between 20th Century Fox and Warner Bros., which was the first film to be a joint venture by two major Hollywood studios. It was adapted by Stirling Silliphant from a pair of novels, The Tower (1973) by Richard Martin Stern and The Glass Inferno (1974) by Thomas N. Scortia and Frank M. Robinson.

The film earned a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Picture and was the highest-grossing film of 1974. The picture was nominated for eight Oscars in all, winning three. In addition to McQueen and Newman, the cast includes William Holden, Faye Dunaway, Fred Astaire, Susan Blakely, Richard Chamberlain, O. J. Simpson, Robert Vaughn, Robert Wagner, Susan Flannery, Gregory Sierra, Dabney Coleman and in her final role, Jennifer Jones.

Plot

Architect Doug Roberts (Paul Newman) returns to San Francisco for the dedication of the Glass Tower, which he designed for developer James Duncan (William Holden). The tower, 1,688 feet (515 m) tall and 138 stories, is the world's tallest building. During testing, an electrical short starts an undetected fire on the 81st floor just after another such short occurs in the main utility room. Upon learning this Roberts sees the wiring is inadequate and suspects that Roger Simmons (Richard Chamberlain), the electrical subcontractor and Duncan's son-in-law, cut corners. Roberts confronts Simmons, who feigns innocence.

During the dedication ceremony, chief of Public Relations Dan Bigelow (Robert Wagner) turns on all the tower's lights, but Roberts orders them shut off to reduce the load on the electrical system. Smoke is seen on the 81st floor, and the San Francisco Fire Department is summoned. Roberts and engineer Will Giddings (Norman Burton) go to the 81st floor, where Giddings is fatally burned pushing a guard away from the fire. Roberts reports the fire to Duncan, who is courting Senator Gary Parker (Robert Vaughn) for an urban renewal contract and refuses to order an evacuation.

SFFD Chief Michael O'Halloran (Steve McQueen) arrives and forces Duncan to evacuate the guests from the Promenade Room on the 135th floor. Simmons admits to Duncan that he cut corners to bring the project back under budget and suggests other subcontractors did likewise. Fire overtakes the express elevators, killing a group whose elevator stops on the engulfed 81st floor. Bigelow and his mistress Lorrie (Susan Flannery) are killed when a separate fire traps them in the Duncan Enterprises offices on the 65th floor. Lisolette Mueller (Jennifer Jones), a guest being wooed by con man Harlee Claiborne (Fred Astaire), rushes to the 87th floor to check on a deaf mother and her two children. Security Chief Jernigan (O. J. Simpson) rescues the mother, but a ruptured gas line explodes and prevents Doug and the rest of the group from following. The explosion destroys the emergency stairs which they must traverse to reach an exit door leading to a service elevator which can take them to the 134th floor, below the Promenade Room. They await firemen sent to blow up hardened cement blocking access to it.

As firemen begin to bring the fire under control on floor 65, the electrical system fails, deactivating the passenger elevators; O'Halloran must rappel down the elevator shaft to safety.

An attempt at a helicopter rescue fails when two women run up to it, causing the pilot to try to evade them, crashing and setting the roof ablaze. A Navy rescue team attach a breeches buoy between the Promenade Room and the roof of the adjacent 102 story Peerless Building, and rescue a number of guests, including Patty Simmons (Susan Blakely), Duncan's daughter. Roberts rigs a gravity brake on the scenic elevator, allowing one trip down for twelve people, including Roberts' fiancée Susan Franklin (Faye Dunaway), Lisolette and the children saved earlier by her and Robert's efforts in the stairwell. An explosion near the 110th floor throws Lisolette from the elevator to her death and leaves the elevator hanging by a single cable, but O'Halloran rescues the elevator with a Navy helicopter.

As fire reaches the Promenade Room, a group of men led by Simmons attempts to commandeer the breeches buoy which is subsequently destroyed in an explosion, killing Simmons, Senator Parker and several other men. In a last-ditch strategy, O'Halloran and Roberts blow up water tanks atop the Tower with plastic explosives. Most of the remaining party-goers appear to survive as water rushes through the ruined building, extinguishing the flames, though it is clear that many are not so lucky.

Harlee Claiborne, in shock upon hearing of Lisolette's death, is given her cat by Jernigan. Duncan consoles his grieving daughter and promises that such a tragic disaster will never happen again. Roberts accepts O'Halloran's offer of guidance on how to build a fire-safe skyscraper. O'Halloran drives away, exhausted.

Cast

• Paul Newman as Doug Roberts, the Glass Tower architect
• Steve McQueen as Michael O'Halloran, SFFD 5th Battalion Chief
• William Holden as James Duncan, the builder
• Faye Dunaway as Susan Franklin, Doug Roberts' fiancée
• Fred Astaire as Harlee Claiborne, the con-man who flirts with Mrs. Mueller
• Susan Blakely as Patty Duncan Simmons, James Duncan's daughter
• Richard Chamberlain as Roger Simmons, the electrical engineer and Duncan's son-in-law
• Jennifer Jones as Lisolette Mueller
• O. J. Simpson as Harry Jernigan, the chief security officer
• Robert Vaughn as U.S. Senator Gary Parker
• Robert Wagner as Dan Bigelow, the public relations officer
• Susan Flannery as Lorrie
• Sheila Matthews Allen as Paula Ramsay
• Norman Burton as Will Giddings, electrical engineer
• Jack Collins as Mayor Robert "Bob" Ramsay
• Don Gordon as Kappy, SFFD Truck Co. 12 fire captain
• Felton Perry as Scott, SFFD Engine Co. 4 fireman
• Gregory Sierra as Carlos, the bartender
• Ernie Orsatti as Mark Powers, SFFD Engine Co. 4 fireman
• Dabney Coleman as SFFD Deputy Chief 1
• Elizabeth Rogers as Lady in Buoy
• Ann Leicester as Guest
• Norm Grabowski as Flaker, Navy Air Rescue Chief
• Ross Elliott as SFFD Deputy Chief 2
• Olan Soule as Johnson
• Carlena Gower as Angela Allbright
• Mike Lookinland as Phillip Allbright
• Carol McEvoy as Mrs. Allbright
• Scott Newman as Young fireman
• Paul Comi as Tim
• George Wallace as Chief officer
• Patrick Culliton as technician
• William Bassett as Leasing agent
• John Crawford as Callahan
• Erik Nelson as Wes
• Art Balinger as Announcer
• LCDR Norman Hicks as Pilot
• LTJG Thomas Karnahan as Co-pilot
• Maureen McGovern as Singer at the party (although not listed in the cast credits, her performance is acknowledged in the end titles.)
• William Traylor as Bill Harton, security guard (uncredited)

Development

The books

In April 1973 it was announced that Warner Bros., whose then production chief was John Calley, paid $350,000 for the rights to Stern's The Tower, prior to that book's publication. This amount was larger than originally reported – the book had been the subject of a bidding war between Warner Bros., Fox and Columbia: Columbia dropped out when the price reached $200,000 and Warner Bros. offered $390,000. Irwin Allen, who just had a big success with a disaster movie, The Poseidon Adventure was at Fox and persuaded that studio to make a higher offer when the book was sold to Warner Bros.

Eight weeks later Fox was submitted a novel The Glass Inferno which Allen says had "the same sort of characters, the same locale, the same story, the same conclusion." They bought the novel for a reported fee of $400,000.

Irwin Allen was concerned that two films about a tall building on fire might cannibalize each other, remembering what happened in the 1960s when rival biopics about Jean Harlow and Oscar Wilde were released. He convinced executives at both studios to join forces to make a single film on the subject. The studios issued a joint press release announcing the single film collaboration in October 1973. Stirling Sillphant, who had written The Poseidon Adventure, would write the script and Allen would produce. It was decided to split costs equally between the studios, but the film would be made at Fox, where Allen was based. Fox would distribute in the US and Canada, and Warner Bros. outside those territories. Warner Bros. also handled the worldwide television distribution rights. Incidents and character names were taken from both novels.

The total cost for the film was US$14,300,000.

Casting

Several actors who appeared in small roles, including John Crawford, Erik Nelson, Elizabeth Rogers, Ernie Orsatti, and Sheila Matthews, had previously appeared in The Poseidon Adventure, which Irwin Allen also produced. (Allen and Matthews were husband and wife.) Paul Newman's son Scott played the acrophobic fireman afraid to rappel down the elevator shaft.

McQueen and Newman

McQueen, Newman, and William Holden all wanted top billing. Holden was refused, his long-term standing as a box office draw having been eclipsed by both McQueen and Newman. To provide dual top billing, the credits were arranged diagonally, with McQueen lower left and Newman upper right. Thus, each appeared to have "first" billing depending on whether the credit was read left-to-right or top-to-bottom. This was the first time this "staggered but equal" billing was used in a movie, although it had been considered earlier for the same two actors regarding Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid until McQueen turned down the Sundance Kid role. McQueen is mentioned first in the film's trailers. In the cast list rolling from top to bottom at the film's end, however, McQueen and Newman's names were arranged diagonally as at the beginning; as a consequence, Newman's name is fully visible first there.

Both Newman and McQueen were paid $1 million.

Fred Astaire

Although famed for his dancing and singing in musical movies, Fred Astaire received his only Oscar nomination for this film. He also won both a BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award for his performance.

Shooting

Principal photography took place over 14 weeks. Guillermin says that Paul Newman and Steve McQueen were very good to work with and added a lot to their roles.

Music

The score was composed and conducted by John Williams, orchestrated by Herbert W. Spencer and Al Woodbury, and recorded at the 20th Century Fox scoring stage on October 31 and November 4, 7 and 11, 1974. The original recording engineer was Ted Keep.

Source music in portions of the film includes instrumental versions of "Again" by Lionel Newman and Dorcas Cochran, "You Make Me Feel So Young" by Josef Myrow and Mack Gordon, and "The More I See You" by Harry Warren and Mack Gordon.

A snippet of a cue from Williams’ score to Cinderella Liberty titled 'Maggie Shoots Pool' is heard in a scene when William Holden's character converses on the phone with Paul Newman's character. It is not the recording on the soundtrack album but a newer arrangement recorded for The Towering Inferno. An extended version is heard, ostensibly as source music in a deleted theatrical scene sometimes shown as part of a longer scene from the TV broadcast version.

One of the most sought-after unreleased music cues from the film is the one where Williams provides low-key lounge music during a party prior to the announcement of a fire. O'Hallorhan orders Duncan to evacuate the party; the music becomes louder as Lisolette and Harlee are seen dancing and Duncan lectures son-in-law Roger. Titled "The Promenade Room" on the conductor's cue sheet, the track features a ragged ending as Duncan asks the house band to stop playing. Because of this, Film Score Monthly did not add this cue to the expanded soundtrack album.

The Academy Award-winning song "We May Never Love Like This Again" was composed by Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn and performed by Maureen McGovern, who appears in a cameo as a lounge singer and on the score's soundtrack album, which features the film recording plus the commercially released single version. Additionally, the theme tune is interpolated into the film's underscore by Williams. The song's writers collaborated on "The Morning After" from The Poseidon Adventure, an Oscar-winning song which was also recorded by McGovern, although hers was not the vocal used in that film.

The first release of portions of the score from The Towering Inferno was on Warner Bros. Records early in 1975 (Catalog No. BS-2840)

1. "Main Title" (5:00)
2. "An Architect's Dream" (3:28)
3. "Lisolette And Harlee" (2:34)
4. "Something For Susan" (2:42)
5. "Trapped Lovers" (4:28)
6. "We May Never Love Like This Again" – Kasha/Hirschhorn, performed by Maureen McGovern (2:11)
7. "Susan And Doug" (2:30)
8. "The Helicopter Explosion" (2:50)
9. "Planting The Charges – And Finale" (10:17)

A near-complete release came on the Film Score Monthly label (FSM) on April 1, 2001 and was produced by Lukas Kendall and Nick Redman. FSM's was an almost completely expanded version remixed from album masters at Warner Bros. archives and the multi-track 35mm magnetic film stems at 20th Century Fox. Placed into chronological order and restoring action cues, it became one of the company's biggest sellers; only 4000 copies were pressed and it is now out of print.

Reports that this soundtrack and that of the film Earthquake (also composed by Williams) borrowed cues from each other are inaccurate. The version of "Main Title" on the FSM disc is the film version. It differs from the original soundtrack album version. There is a different balance of instruments in two spots, and in particular the snare drum is more prominent than the album version which also features additional cymbal work. Although the album was not a re-recording, the original LP tracks were recorded during the same sessions and several cues were combined. The film version sound was reportedly better than the quarter-inch WB two-track album master. Although some minor incidental cues were lost, some sonically 'damaged' cues – so called due to a deterioration of the surviving audio elements – are placed at the end of the disc's program time following the track "An Architect's Dream" which is used over the end credits sequence.

1. "Main Title" (5:01)
2. "Something For Susan" (2:42)
3. "Lisolette and Harlee" (2:35)
4. "The Flame Ignites" (1:01)
5. "More For Susan" (1:55)
6. "Harlee Dressing" (1:37)
7. "Let There Be Light" (:37)
8. "Alone At Last" (:51)
9. "We May Never Love Like This Again (Film Version)" – Maureen McGovern (2:04)
10. "The First Victims" (3:24)
11. "Not A Cigarette" (1:18)
12. "Trapped Lovers" (4:44)
13. "Doug's Fall/Piggy Back Ride" (2:18)
14. "Lisolette's Descent" (3:07)
15. "Down The Pipes/The Door Opens" (2:59)
16. "Couples" (3:38)
17. "Short Goodbyes" (2:26)
18. "Helicopter Rescue" (3:07)
19. "Passing The Word" (1:12)
20. "Planting The Charges" (9:04)
21. "Finale" (3:57)
22. "An Architect's Dream" (3:28)
23. "We May Never Love Like This Again (Album Version)" – Maureen McGovern (2:13)
24. "The Morning After (Instrumental)" (2:07)
25. "Susan And Doug (Album Track)" (2:33)
26. "Departmental Pride and The Cat (Damaged)" (2:34)
27. "Helicopter Explosion (Damaged)" (2:34)
28. "Waking Up (Damaged)" (2:39)

Release

The Towering Inferno was released in theatres on December 14, 1974.

Home media

The film was initially released on DVD by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment on April 15, 2003, with a special edition released on May 9, 2006.

Reception

Critical response

The Towering Inferno received positive reviews from critics and audiences alike upon its release, the film has an approval rating of 70% based on 33 reviews with an average rating of 6.6/10 on Rotten Tomatoes, The site's consensus states: "Although it is not consistently engaging enough to fully justify its towering runtime, The Towering Inferno is a blustery spectacle that executes its disaster premise with flair." Metacritic gave the film a score of 69 based on 11 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three out of four stars and praised it as "the best of the mid-1970s wave of disaster films". Variety praised the film as "one of the greatest disaster pictures made, a personal and professional triumph for producer Irwin Allen. The $14 million cost has yielded a truly magnificent production which complements but does not at all overwhelm a thoughtful personal drama." Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote that the film is "overwrought and silly in its personal drama, but the visual spectacle is first rate. You may not come out of the theater with any important ideas about American architecture or enterprise, but you will have had a vivid, completely safe nightmare." Pauline Kael, writing for The New Yorker, panned the writing and characters as retreads from The Poseidon Adventure, and further wrote "What was left out this time was the hokey fun. When a picture has any kind of entertainment in it, viewers don't much care about credibility, but when it isn't entertaining we do. And when a turkey bores us and insults our intelligence for close to three hours, it shouldn't preen itself on its own morality."

Gene Siskel of The Chicago Tribune gave the film two-and-a-half stars out of four, calling it "a stunt and not a story. It's a technical achievement more concerned with special effects than with people. That's why our attitude toward the film's cardboard characters is: let 'em burn."

Filmink called it "brilliant fun".

Box office

The film was one of the biggest grossing films of 1975 with theatrical rentals of $48,838,000 in the United States and Canada. In January 1976, it was claimed that the film had attained the highest foreign film rental for any film in its initial release with $43 million and went on to earn $56 million. When combined with the rentals from the United States and Canada, the worldwide rental is $104,838,000.

The film grossed $116 million in the United States and Canada and $203 million worldwide.

Awards and nominations

Award	Category	Recipient	Result	Ref.
Academy Awards	Best Picture	Irwin Allen	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actor	Fred Astaire	Nominated
	Best Art Direction	William J. Creber, Ward Preston and Raphaël Bretton	Nominated
	Best Cinematography	Fred J. Koenekamp & Joseph Biroc	Won
	Best Film Editing	Harold F. Kress and Carl Kress	Won
	Best Original Dramatic Score	John Williams	Nominated
	Best Original Song	"We May Never Love Like This Again" – Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn	Won
	Best Sound	Theodore Soderberg and Herman Lewis	Nominated
American Cinema Editors Awards	Best Edited Feature Film	Harold F. Kress and Carl Kress	Nominated
British Academy Film Awards	Best Actor in a Supporting Role	Fred Astaire	Won
	Best Art Direction	William J. Creber, Ward Preston and Raphaël Bretton	Nominated
	Best Cinematography	Fred J. Koenekamp	Nominated
	Best Original Music	John Williams (also for Jaws)	Won
David di Donatello Awards	Best Foreign Film	Irwin Allen	Won
Golden Globe Awards	Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture	Fred Astaire	Won
	Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture	Jennifer Jones	Nominated
	New Star of the Year – Actress	Susan Flannery	Won
	Best Screenplay – Motion Picture	Stirling Silliphant	Nominated
	Best Original Song – Motion Picture	"We May Never Love Like This Again" – Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn	Nominated
Golden Reel Awards	Best Sound Editing – Dialogue		Won
Goldene Kamera	Golden Screen		Nominated
Kinema Junpo Awards	Best Foreign Language Film	Irwin Allen and John Guillermin	Won
National Board of Review Awards	Outstanding Special Effects		Won
Satellite Awards (2006)	Best DVD Extras		Nominated
Satellite Awards (2009)	Best Classic DVD	The Towering Inferno (as part of Paul Newman: The Tribute Collection)	Nominated

See also

• List of American films of 1974
• Skyscrapers in film
• List of firefighting films
• "Disco Inferno", a song inspired by a scene in the film in which a discothèque catches fire

References

Sources

• Solomon, Aubrey (1988). Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History (The Scarecrow Filmmakers Series). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 257. ISBN 978-0810842441.
• Schleier, Merrill (2009). Skyscraper Cinema: Architecture and Gender in American Film. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. p. 273. ISBN 978-0816642823. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Mell, Eila (2005). Casting Might-Have-Beens: A Film-by-Film Directory of Actors Considered For Roles Given To Others. New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 244. ISBN 978-0786420179. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Itzkoff, Dave (2014). Mad as Hell: The Making of Network and the Fateful Vision of the Angriest Man in Movies. New York City: Times Books. p. 82. ISBN 978-0805095692. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Eldridge, Jeff; Williams, John (2001). "The Towering Inferno". Film Score Monthly (CD insert notes). 4 (3). Culver City, California, U.S.A.: 13.
• Santas, Constantine; Wilson, James M.; Colavito, Maria; Baker, Djoymi (2014). The Encyclopedia of Epic Films. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 522. ISBN 978-0810882478. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Franks, Don (2004). Entertainment Awards: A Music, Cinema, Theatre and Broadcasting Guide, 1928 Through 2003 (3rd ed.). New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 242. ISBN 978-0786417988. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Seger, Linda (1992). The Art of Adaptation: Turning Fact And Fiction Into Film (1st ed.). New York City: Henry Holt and Company. p. 88. ISBN 978-0805016260. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Derry, Charles (2009). Dark Dreams 2.0: A Psychological History of the Modern Horror Film from the 1950s to the 21st Century. New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 378. ISBN 978-0786433971. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Levinson, Peter (2009). Puttin' On the Ritz: Fred Astaire and the Fine Art of Panache, A Biography. New York City: St. Martin's Press. pp. 371–372. ISBN 978-0312353667. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Green, Paul (2011). Jennifer Jones: The Life and Films. New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 190. ISBN 978-0786460410. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
• Pollock, Christopher (2013). Reel San Francisco Stories: An Annotated Filmography of the Bay Area. United States: Castor-Pollux Publications. p. 199. ISBN 978-0578130422. Archived from the original on April 24, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.

External links

• The Towering Inferno at IMDb
• The Towering Inferno at AllMovie
• The Towering Inferno at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Towering Inferno website
• DVD Review: The Towering Inferno (Special Edition) at The-Trades.com
• Irwin Allen News Network (The Irwin Allen News Network's Towering Inferno page)
• Various releases of music from the film, on LP and CD
• Towering Inferno Memorabilia Archive (photos, storyboards, tower/set blueprints, and more)