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| signature =
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| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Lawrence Joseph Shehan.svg
| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Lawrence Joseph Shehan.svg
| motto = OMINIA IN CARITATE<BR>(All things in Love)
| motto = OMINIA IN CARITATE<br />(All things in Love)
}}
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{{Infobox cardinal styles
{{Infobox cardinal styles
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A non-profit youth center in Bridgeport, CT is named after him (The Cardinal Shehan Center).
A non-profit youth center in Bridgeport, CT is named after him (The Cardinal Shehan Center).


On October 1, 2019, a report by former Connecticut state Judge Robert Holzberg accused Shehan and other former bishops of the diocese of transferring priests accused of [[Catholic Church sexual abuse cases|sexual abuse]] without discipline.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sns-bc-ct--church-abuse-bridgeport-20191001-story.html |title=Report critical of church leaders' response to clergy abuse |last=Collins |first=Dave |date=October 1, 2019 |newspaper=The Chicago Tribune |access-date=October 3, 2019}}{{dead link|date=September 2021}}</ref><ref name="Baltimore Sun">[https://www.baltimoresun.com/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-ci-bridgeport-report-20191002-hxe7qh4fffdcffwjxwk3mebbgy-story.html ''Baltimore Sun'']</ref>
On October 1, 2019, a report by former Connecticut state Judge Robert Holzberg accused Shehan and other former bishops of the diocese of transferring priests accused of [[Catholic Church sexual abuse cases|sexual abuse]] without discipline.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/sns-bc-ct--church-abuse-bridgeport-20191001-story.html |title=Report critical of church leaders' response to clergy abuse |last=Collins |first=Dave |date=October 1, 2019 |newspaper=The Chicago Tribune |access-date=October 3, 2019}} {{dead link|date=September 2021}}</ref><ref name="Baltimore Sun">[https://www.baltimoresun.com/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-ci-bridgeport-report-20191002-hxe7qh4fffdcffwjxwk3mebbgy-story.html ''Baltimore Sun'']</ref>


===Archbishop of Baltimore===
===Archbishop of Baltimore===
On July 10, 1961, Shehan returned to Baltimore as its [[Coadjutor bishop|Coadjutor Archbishop]] (with right of succession) and [[Nicopolis ad Nestum|Titular Archbishop of Nicopolis ad Nestum]]. He succeeded [[Francis Patrick Keough]] as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore|Archbishop of Baltimore]] on December 8 of that same year. In this position, he led the nation's first [[diocese]] and held precedence, except for Cardinals created earlier and without the [[Title of honor|honorary]] title of [[Primate (bishop)|primacy]], over the [[Roman Catholicism in the United States|Church in America]]. After the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] ruled to [[Engel v. Vitale|remove prayer from public schools]] in 1962, Shehan warned that "[[secularization]] threatens to become a sort of state religion established by court decree".<ref>''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110219023737/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896525,00.html On Second Thought...] August 24, 1962</ref> He was also a strong advocate of [[civil rights]], banning segregation in all of Baltimore's Catholic institutions and walking in the [[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom]] in 1963.<ref name="Milestones">''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001702/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952523,00.html Milestones] September 10, 1984</ref> He also maintained [[Catholic Church and ecumenism|relations]] with [[Judaism]] and [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodoxy]].<ref name="Milestones"/> Cardinal Shehan worked with his friend [[Harry Lee Doll]], Episcopal Bishop of Maryland and President of the Maryland Council of Churches on both civil rights and ecumenical issues. Along with the President of [[St. Mary's Seminary and University]], Cardinal Shehan and Bishop Doll in 1968 founded Baltimore's Ecumenical Institute, in the city's Roland Park neighborhood.<ref>http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-10-11/news/1993284003_1_ecumenical-institute-christian-unity-ecumenical-prayer-service</ref>
On July 10, 1961, Shehan returned to Baltimore as its [[Coadjutor bishop|Coadjutor Archbishop]] (with right of succession) and [[Nicopolis ad Nestum|Titular Archbishop of Nicopolis ad Nestum]]. He succeeded [[Francis Patrick Keough]] as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore|Archbishop of Baltimore]] on December 8 of that same year. In this position, he led the nation's first [[diocese]] and held precedence, except for Cardinals created earlier and without the [[Title of honor|honorary]] title of [[Primate (bishop)|primacy]], over the [[Roman Catholicism in the United States|Church in America]]. After the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] ruled to [[Engel v. Vitale|remove prayer from public schools]] in 1962, Shehan warned that "[[secularization]] threatens to become a sort of state religion established by court decree".<ref>''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110219023737/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896525,00.html On Second Thought...] August 24, 1962</ref> He was also a strong advocate of [[civil rights]], banning segregation in all of Baltimore's Catholic institutions and walking in the [[March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom]] in 1963.<ref name="Milestones">''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071001001702/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952523,00.html Milestones] September 10, 1984</ref> He also maintained [[Catholic Church and ecumenism|relations]] with [[Judaism]] and [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodoxy]].<ref name="Milestones"/> Cardinal Shehan worked with his friend [[Harry Lee Doll]], Episcopal Bishop of Maryland and President of the Maryland Council of Churches on both civil rights and ecumenical issues. Along with the President of [[St. Mary's Seminary and University]], Cardinal Shehan and Bishop Doll in 1968 founded Baltimore's Ecumenical Institute, in the city's Roland Park neighborhood.<ref>http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-10-11/news/1993284003_1_ecumenical-institute-christian-unity-ecumenical-prayer-service {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2022}}</ref>


Shehan attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965, and [[Pope Paul VI]]<ref>''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930055648/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,839236-1,00.html 27 More Cardinals] February 5, 1965</ref> created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of ''[[Basilica di San Clemente|S. Clemente]]'' in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of February 22, 1965. Along with Cardinal [[Jaime de Barros Câmara]], he assisted Cardinal [[Leo Joseph Suenens]] in delivering one of the closing messages of the Council on December 8, 1965.<ref>Christus Rex. [http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html To Artists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403055431/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html |date=April 3, 2007 }}</ref> Within the [[Roman Curia]], Shehan held membership in the [[Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity|Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity]].<ref name="Milestones"/>
Shehan attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965, and [[Pope Paul VI]]<ref>''TIME'' Magazine. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930055648/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,839236-1,00.html 27 More Cardinals] February 5, 1965</ref> created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of ''[[Basilica di San Clemente|S. Clemente]]'' in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of February 22, 1965. Along with Cardinal [[Jaime de Barros Câmara]], he assisted Cardinal [[Leo Joseph Suenens]] in delivering one of the closing messages of the Council on December 8, 1965.<ref>Christus Rex. [http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html To Artists] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403055431/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/CDHN/v19.html |date=April 3, 2007 }}</ref> Within the [[Roman Curia]], Shehan held membership in the [[Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity|Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity]].<ref name="Milestones"/>

Revision as of 01:13, 31 August 2022

His Eminence

Lawrence Joseph Shehan
Cardinal, Archbishop Emeritus of Baltimore
SeeBaltimore
AppointedJuly 10, 1961 (coadjutor)
InstalledDecember 8, 1961
Term endedApril 2, 1974
PredecessorFrancis Keough
SuccessorWilliam Donald Borders
Other post(s)Cardinal-Priest of S. Clemente
Previous post(s)Auxiliary Bishop of Baltimore-Washington (1945-53)
Bishop of Bridgeport (1953-61)
Coadjutor Archbishop of Baltimore (1961)
Orders
OrdinationDecember 23, 1922
by Giuseppe Palica
ConsecrationDecember 12, 1945
by Amleto Giovanni Cicognani
Created cardinalFebruary 22, 1965
by Paul VI
RankCardinal- Priest
Personal details
Born(1898-03-18)March 18, 1898
Baltimore, Maryland
DiedAugust 26, 1984(1984-08-26) (aged 86)
Baltimore, Maryland
BuriedBaltimore, Maryland
MottoOMINIA IN CARITATE
(All things in Love)
Coat of armsLawrence Joseph Shehan's coat of arms
Styles of
Lawrence Shehan
Reference styleHis Eminence
Spoken styleYour Eminence
Informal styleCardinal
SeeBaltimore

Lawrence Joseph Shehan (March 18, 1898 – August 26, 1984) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Baltimore from 1961 to 1974 and was made a cardinal in 1965. Shehan was an advocate for civil rights and inter-faith dialogue.[1]

Early life and education

Lawrence Shehan was born in Baltimore, Maryland, to Thomas Patrick and Anastasia Dames (née Schofield) Shehan.[2] His father operated a tailors' supply business. He received his early education at local parochial schools in Baltimore.[3]

In 1911, he began his studies for the priesthood at St. Charles College, a college seminary in Ellicott City.[4] After graduating from St. Charles, Shehan enrolled at St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore in 1917.[5] He earned a B.A. in 1919 and a M.A. in 1920.[2]

In 1920, he was sent to continue his studies in Rome at the Pontifical Urban University, where he received a Doctor of Sacred Theology in 1923.[4]

Priesthood

On December 23, 1922, Shehan was ordained a priest by Archbishop Giuseppe Palica at the Basilica of St. John Lateran.[6] Following his return to the United States, he was first assigned as a curate at St. Patrick Catholic Church in Washington, D.C., a post which he held until 1941.[2] In addition to his pastoral duties, he served as assistant director (1929–36) and director (1936–45) of Catholic Charities in Washington.[4]

Shehan served as pastor of St. Patrick's Church from 1941 to 1945.[7] During his pastorate, he ended racial segregation at the parochial school in 1942 and hosted the Washington branch of the Catholic Interracial Council.[7] He was named a papal chamberlain in 1939, and raised to the rank of domestic prelate in 1945.[2]

Episcopacy

Auxiliary Bishop of Baltimore

On November 17, 1945, Shehan was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Baltimore-Washington and titular bishop of Lydda by Pope Pius XII.[6] He received his episcopal consecration on the following December 12 from Archbishop Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, with Bishops Peter Leo Ireton and John Michael McNamara serving as co-consecrators.[6] He was named pastor of SS. Philip and James Church in Baltimore in 1946.[2] In 1947, when the Archdiocese of Washington was separated from Baltimore, Shehan was assigned to remain in Baltimore.[4] He served as vicar general of the archdiocese from 1948 to 1953.[4]

Bishop of Bridgeport

Shehan was appointed the first Bishop of the newly erected Diocese of Bridgeport in Connecticut on August 25, 1953.[6] His installation took place on December 2 of that year.[6] During his tenure in Bridgeport, he established eighteen new parishes, built twenty-four new churches, and founded three high schools.[8] He also formed a Catholic Youth Organization, promoted vocations to the priesthood and religious life, and began parish ministry for the increasing number of Hispanic, Portuguese, and Brazilian immigrants.[8] In October 1960, he convoked the first synod of Bridgeport to complete the initial organization of the diocese and to establish a uniform code of practice and discipline for the clergy.[8] A non-profit youth center in Bridgeport, CT is named after him (The Cardinal Shehan Center).

On October 1, 2019, a report by former Connecticut state Judge Robert Holzberg accused Shehan and other former bishops of the diocese of transferring priests accused of sexual abuse without discipline.[9][10]

Archbishop of Baltimore

On July 10, 1961, Shehan returned to Baltimore as its Coadjutor Archbishop (with right of succession) and Titular Archbishop of Nicopolis ad Nestum. He succeeded Francis Patrick Keough as Archbishop of Baltimore on December 8 of that same year. In this position, he led the nation's first diocese and held precedence, except for Cardinals created earlier and without the honorary title of primacy, over the Church in America. After the Supreme Court ruled to remove prayer from public schools in 1962, Shehan warned that "secularization threatens to become a sort of state religion established by court decree".[11] He was also a strong advocate of civil rights, banning segregation in all of Baltimore's Catholic institutions and walking in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963.[12] He also maintained relations with Judaism and Eastern Orthodoxy.[12] Cardinal Shehan worked with his friend Harry Lee Doll, Episcopal Bishop of Maryland and President of the Maryland Council of Churches on both civil rights and ecumenical issues. Along with the President of St. Mary's Seminary and University, Cardinal Shehan and Bishop Doll in 1968 founded Baltimore's Ecumenical Institute, in the city's Roland Park neighborhood.[13]

Shehan attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965, and Pope Paul VI[14] created him Cardinal-Priest of S. Clemente in the consistory of February 22, 1965. Along with Cardinal Jaime de Barros Câmara, he assisted Cardinal Leo Joseph Suenens in delivering one of the closing messages of the Council on December 8, 1965.[15] Within the Roman Curia, Shehan held membership in the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity.[12]

He was in conflict with Fr. Gommar DePauw, a Baltimore priest and founder of a Traditionalist Catholic Movement.[16]

Considered a liberal in his positions, Shehan supported Fr. Charles Curran[17] and open housing, and condemned the Vietnam War.[18]

He celebrated an aboriginal Mass at the 1973 Eucharistic Congress in Melbourne.[19]

Later life and death

He resigned as Baltimore's archbishop on April 2, 1974, after twelve years of service. He was never able to participate in a papal conclave—he was the last cardinal to turn eighty prior to the August 1978 conclave, at which, by Pope Paul's decree, cardinals over eighty were excluded.

Shehan died in Baltimore at age 86, and is buried in the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen.

The Lawrence Cardinal Shehan Chair in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Johns Hopkins University was established in 1993 by Good Samaritan Hospital of Maryland Inc. in honor of Lawrence Cardinal Shehan.[20]

See also

References

  1. ^ Pearson, Richard. "Cardinal Shehan of Baltimore Dies at 86", The Washington Post, August 27, 1984
  2. ^ a b c d e Curtis, Georgina Pell (1961). The American Catholic Who's Who. Vol. XIV. Grosse Pointe, Michigan: Walter Romig.
  3. ^ "Lawrence Cardinal Shehan Dies; Retired Archbishop of Baltimore". The New York Times. August 27, 1984.
  4. ^ a b c d e Miranda, Salvador. "SHEHAN, Lawrence Joseph (1898-1984)". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church.
  5. ^ "His Eminence Lawrence Cardinal Shehan". Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Lawrence Joseph Cardinal Shehan". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  7. ^ a b "Our History". St. Patrick Catholic Church (Washington, DC).
  8. ^ a b c "The Bishops of Bridgeport". Roman Catholic Diocese of Bridgeport. Archived from the original on May 30, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
  9. ^ Collins, Dave (October 1, 2019). "Report critical of church leaders' response to clergy abuse". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 3, 2019. [dead link]
  10. ^ Baltimore Sun
  11. ^ TIME Magazine. On Second Thought... August 24, 1962
  12. ^ a b c TIME Magazine. Milestones September 10, 1984
  13. ^ http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-10-11/news/1993284003_1_ecumenical-institute-christian-unity-ecumenical-prayer-service [bare URL]
  14. ^ TIME Magazine. 27 More Cardinals February 5, 1965
  15. ^ Christus Rex. To Artists Archived April 3, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ TIME Magazine. De Pauw's Departure January 28, 1966
  17. ^ TIME Magazine. Time for Boy Scouts? April 28, 1967
  18. ^ TIME Magazine. A Fighter Bows Out April 15, 1974
  19. ^ TIME Magazine. "Spiritual Olympics" in Melbourne March 12, 1973
  20. ^ "Professorships", JHU

Episcopal succession

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
none
 Bishop of Bridgeport
1953–1961 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Archbishop of Baltimore
1961–1974 		Succeeded by
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