Jump to content

1521: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
Undid revision 1177274550 by 182.18.213.76 (talk) - breaks nav
m highlight month
Line 18: Line 18:
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Ferdinand Magellan]] reaches the [[Philippines]], in eastern [[Samar]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arcilla |first1=José S. |title=An Introduction to Philippine History |date=1998 |publisher=Ateneo University Press |isbn=978-971-550-261-0 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uxEYobbU-D8C&dq=%2216+march+1521%22+ferdinand+magellan+philippines&pg=PA1 |access-date=25 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 16]] &ndash; [[Ferdinand Magellan]] reaches the [[Philippines]], in eastern [[Samar]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arcilla |first1=José S. |title=An Introduction to Philippine History |date=1998 |publisher=Ateneo University Press |isbn=978-971-550-261-0 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uxEYobbU-D8C&dq=%2216+march+1521%22+ferdinand+magellan+philippines&pg=PA1 |access-date=25 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 31]] &ndash; The [[First Mass in the Philippines]] is held.<ref>{{cite book|author=Rosario Mendoza Cortes|title=The Filipino Saga: History as Social Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7hdwAAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=New Day Publishers|isbn=978-971-10-1055-3|page=29}}</ref>
* [[March 31]] &ndash; The [[First Mass in the Philippines]] is held.<ref>{{cite book|author=Rosario Mendoza Cortes|title=The Filipino Saga: History as Social Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7hdwAAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=New Day Publishers|isbn=978-971-10-1055-3|page=29}}</ref>
* April or May &ndash; The [[Battle of Tunmen]] occurs, in [[Tuen Mun]] (present-day Hong Kong), where the Ming dynasty navy defeats the Portuguese navy.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hao |first1=Zhidong |title=Macau History and Society |date=1 January 2011 |publisher=Hong Kong University Press |isbn=978-988-8028-54-2 |pages=11–12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LP9q1dzVRYQC&q=%22april%22+tunmen |access-date=25 July 2023 }}</ref> Arguably the first Sino-European battle in world history.
* [[April]] or [[May]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Tunmen]] occurs, in [[Tuen Mun]] (present-day Hong Kong), where the Ming dynasty navy defeats the Portuguese navy.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hao |first1=Zhidong |title=Macau History and Society |date=1 January 2011 |publisher=Hong Kong University Press |isbn=978-988-8028-54-2 |pages=11–12 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LP9q1dzVRYQC&q=%22april%22+tunmen |access-date=25 July 2023 }}</ref> Arguably the first Sino-European battle in world history.
* [[April 7]]
* [[April 7]]
** [[Ferdinand Magellan]] arrives at [[Cebu]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aluit |first1=Alphonso J. |title=The Philippines: Comprehensive, Authoritative, Up-to-date |date=1990 |publisher=Solar Publishing Company |isbn=978-971-17-0637-1 |page=305 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWZxAAAAMAAJ&q=%227%20april%201521%22 |access-date=25 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
** [[Ferdinand Magellan]] arrives at [[Cebu]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aluit |first1=Alphonso J. |title=The Philippines: Comprehensive, Authoritative, Up-to-date |date=1990 |publisher=Solar Publishing Company |isbn=978-971-17-0637-1 |page=305 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GWZxAAAAMAAJ&q=%227%20april%201521%22 |access-date=25 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:58, 31 December 2023

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1521 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1521
MDXXI
Ab urbe condita2274
Armenian calendar970
ԹՎ ՋՀ
Assyrian calendar6271
Balinese saka calendar1442–1443
Bengali calendar928
Berber calendar2471
English Regnal year12 Hen. 8 – 13 Hen. 8
Buddhist calendar2065
Burmese calendar883
Byzantine calendar7029–7030
Chinese calendar庚辰年 (Metal Dragon)
4218 or 4011
    — to —
辛巳年 (Metal Snake)
4219 or 4012
Coptic calendar1237–1238
Discordian calendar2687
Ethiopian calendar1513–1514
Hebrew calendar5281–5282
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1577–1578
 - Shaka Samvat1442–1443
 - Kali Yuga4621–4622
Holocene calendar11521
Igbo calendar521–522
Iranian calendar899–900
Islamic calendar927–928
Japanese calendarEishō 18 / Daiei 1
(大永元年)
Javanese calendar1438–1439
Julian calendar1521
MDXXI
Korean calendar3854
Minguo calendar391 before ROC
民前391年
Nanakshahi calendar53
Thai solar calendar2063–2064
Tibetan calendar阳金龙年
(male Iron-Dragon)
1647 or 1266 or 494
    — to —
阴金蛇年
(female Iron-Snake)
1648 or 1267 or 495
Diet of Worms

1521 (MDXXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1521st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 521st year of the 2nd millennium, the 21st year of the 16th century, and the 2nd year of the 1520s decade.

Events

Neacșu's letter, the oldest surviving document written in Romanian has the oldest appearance of the word "Rumanian"

January–June

July–December

Date unknown

Births

Maria of Portugal, Duchess of Viseu

Deaths

Zhengde Emperor
Ferdinand Magellan
Juan Ponce de León
Saint Margaret of Lorraine
Pope Leo X
King Manuel I of Portugal
Blessed Domenico Spadafora

References

  1. ^ Michael M. Tavuzzi (1997). Prierias: The Life and Works of Silvestro Mazzolini Da Prierio, 1456-1527. Duke University Press. p. 80. ISBN 0-8223-1976-4.
  2. ^ Hugh Chisholm; James Louis Garvin (1926). The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature & General Information. Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 137.
  3. ^ Pitcher, Donald Edgar (1972). An Historical Geography of the Ottoman Empire: From Earliest Times to the End of the Sixteenth Century. Brill Archive. p. 113. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  4. ^ The Downside Review. Downside Abbey. 1970. p. 284.
  5. ^ Annual Economic Review and Statistical Abstract, Guam. Economic Research Center, Department of Commerce. 1994. p. 1. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  6. ^ Rogers, Robert F.; Ballendorf, Dirk Anthony (1989). "Magellan's Landfall in the Mariana Islands". The Journal of Pacific History. 24 (2): 193–208. doi:10.1080/00223348908572614. ISSN 0022-3344. JSTOR 25169001. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  7. ^ Gritsch, Eric W. (May 1, 2009). Martin - God's Court Jester: Luther in Retrospect. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-60608-637-7. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  8. ^ Arcilla, José S. (1998). An Introduction to Philippine History. Ateneo University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-971-550-261-0. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  9. ^ Rosario Mendoza Cortes (2000). The Filipino Saga: History as Social Change. New Day Publishers. p. 29. ISBN 978-971-10-1055-3.
  10. ^ Hao, Zhidong (January 1, 2011). Macau History and Society. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 11–12. ISBN 978-988-8028-54-2. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  11. ^ Aluit, Alphonso J. (1990). The Philippines: Comprehensive, Authoritative, Up-to-date. Solar Publishing Company. p. 305. ISBN 978-971-17-0637-1. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  12. ^ Old, Hughes Oliphant (May 2, 2002). The Reading and Preaching of the Scriptures in the Worship of the Christian Church, Volume 4: The Age of the Reformation. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-8028-4775-1. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  13. ^ a b Haliczer, Stephen (1981). The Comuneros of Castile : the forging of a revolution, 1475-1521. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 204. ISBN 978-0-299-08500-1. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  14. ^ "HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH*". www.ccel.org. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  15. ^ Saxl, Fritz (1970). A heritage of images: a selection of lectures. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-14-055088-7. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  16. ^ Martínez-García, Ángeles; Gómez-Aguilar, Antonio (2019). "Magallanes: Building a Hero". Revista Latina de Comunicación Socia. 74: 618–636. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  17. ^ a b Harris, Barbara (1976). "The Trial of the Third Duke of Buckingham-A Revisionist View". The American Journal of Legal History. 20 (1): 15–26. doi:10.2307/844847. ISSN 0002-9319. JSTOR 844847. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
  18. ^ Studies. Studies. 1985. p. 230.
  19. ^ Darian-Smith, Eve (May 20, 2010). Religion, Race, Rights: Landmarks in the History of Modern Anglo-American Law. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-84113-729-2. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  20. ^ Geiss, James (1988). "The Chia-ching reign, 1522–1566". The Cambridge History of China. Vol. 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644. Cambridge University Press. pp. 440–510. ISBN 978-0-521-24332-2. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  21. ^ Soraluce, Nicolás de (1864). Historia de la m. n. y m. l. Provincia de Guipúzcoa (in Spanish). Madrid: Joaquin Bernat. p. 241. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  22. ^ Sheppard, Si (2018). Tenochtitlan 1519– 21. Clash Of Civilizations ( Si Sheppard). Bloomsbury. p. 87. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  23. ^ Wheatcroft, Andrew (April 28, 2009). The Enemy at the Gate: Habsburgs, Ottomans, and the Battle for Europe. Basic Books. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7867-4454-1. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  24. ^ Sarı, İbrahim (February 6, 2013). TÜRK'ÜN SAVAŞLARI: Türklerin İslam Dünyasındaki Liderliği ve Savaşları (in Turkish). Kitapoku. p. 216. ISBN 978-605-4746-20-0. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  25. ^ Krentz, Natalie (March 14, 2014). Ritualwandel und Deutungshoheit: Die frühe Reformation in der Residenzstadt Wittenberg (1500-1533) (in German). Mohr Siebeck. p. 205. ISBN 978-3-16-152679-4. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  26. ^ Mary Agnes Burniston Brazier (1959). The Historical Development of Neurophysiology. American Physiological Society. p. 4.
  27. ^ A short history of the USSR. Moscow: Progress Publishers. 1965. p. 90. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  28. ^ Beach, Frederick Converse; Morgan, Forrest; Rines, George Edwin; Roe, Edward Thomas; Dole, Nathan Haskell; Copeland, Thomas Campbell (1903). The Encyclopedia Americana. Americana Company. p. 94. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  29. ^ Nuovo dizionario istorico (in Italian). Vol. XV. Naples: per Michele Morelli. 1791. p. 218. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  30. ^ Horning, Wilhelm (1887). Dr. Johann Marbach, Pfarrer zu St. Nikolai, Münsterprediger, Professor und Präsident des Luth. Kirchenconvents in Strassburg, 1545-1581 (in German). Strasbourg: C.A. Vomhoff. p. 11. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  31. ^ Vindry, Fleury (1901). Dictionnaire de l'état-major français au XVIe siècle (in French). Castanet. p. 161. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  32. ^ "St. Peter Canisius". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  33. ^ Allgemeine deutsche biographie (in German). Vol. 14. Duncker und Humblot. 1881. p. 369. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  34. ^ Vasconcellos, Carolina Michaëlis de (1902). A infanta D. Maria de Portugal (1521-1577) e suas damas (in Brazilian Portuguese). Typ. a vapor de A. J. de Souza & irmão. p. 17. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  35. ^ Bricka, Carl Frederik (1892). Dansk biografisk lexikon (in Danish). Vol. 6. F. Hegel & Søn. p. 569. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  36. ^ Grolier Incorporated (1997). The encyclopedia Americana. Grolier Incorporated. p. 18. ISBN 9780717201303.
  37. ^ Fantoni, Marcello (2005). Il Rinascimento italiano e l'Europa (in Italian). Fondazione Cassamarca. p. 165. ISBN 978-88-89527-17-7. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  38. ^ "Guicciardini, Lodovico". Grove Art Online. 2003. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T035507. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  39. ^ "Sheffield, Edmund, first Baron Sheffield". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/25292. Retrieved July 26, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  40. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of May 17, 1570". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  41. ^ RACAR, Revue D'art Canadienne: Canadian Art Review. Society for the Promotion of Art History Publications in Canada. 1990. p. 18.
  42. ^ Zahl, Paul (June 2001). Five Women of the English Reformation. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-8028-3045-6. Retrieved July 26, 2023.
  43. ^ "Aylmer, John". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/935. Retrieved July 26, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  44. ^ "陶晴賢(すえはるかた)とは?". コトバンク (in Japanese). Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  45. ^ O'Sullivan, Dan (May 15, 2016). The Reluctant Ambassador: The Life and Times of Sir Thomas Chaloner, Tudor Diplomat. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-4456-5165-1. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  46. ^ Mann, Brian Richard (1983). The secular madrigals of Filippo di Monte, 1521-1603. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-8357-1402-0. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  47. ^ Frederic, Louis (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard University Press. p. 794. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  48. ^ "Wyatt, Sir Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30112. Retrieved July 27, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  49. ^ "Katherine [Catherine] [née Katherine Howard]". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/4892. Retrieved July 27, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  50. ^ Fisquet, Honoré (1864). La France pontificale (in French). Etienne Repos. p. 229. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  51. ^ "Johann II". www.deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  52. ^ 中国官场总览 (in Chinese). 經濟日報出版社. 1999. p. 1658. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  53. ^ Deborah Wei; Rachael Kamel (1998). Resistance in Paradise: Rethinking 100 Years of U.S. Involvement in the Caribbean and the Pacific. American Friends Service Committee. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-910082-33-4.
  54. ^ La-Mure, Jean Marie de (1868). Histoire des ducs de Bourbon et des comtes de Forez: en forme d'annales sur preuves authentiques (in French). Potier. p. 564. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  55. ^ Max Reinhart; James N. Hardin (1997). German Writers of the Renaissance and Reformation, 1280-1580. Gale Research. p. 21. ISBN 978-0-7876-1069-2.
  56. ^ Herbermann, Charles George (1913). The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. Encyclopedia Press. p. 214. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  57. ^ Cappelletti, Giuseppe (1852). Storia della repubblica di Venezia dal suo principio sino al giorno d'oggi (in Italian). Vol. 8, 9. G. Antenelli. p. 33. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  58. ^ Slavicek, Louise Chipley (2009). Juan Ponce de León. Infobase Publishing. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4381-0684-7. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  59. ^ "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of December 10, 1477". cardinals.fiu.edu. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  60. ^ Elders, Willem (2013). Josquin Des Prez and His Musical Legacy: An Introductory Guide. Leuven University Press. p. 17. ISBN 978-90-5867-941-3. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  61. ^ Kohnle, Armin; Rudersdorf, Manfred (June 28, 2022). Briefe und Akten zur Kirchenpolitik Friedrichs des Weisen und Johanns...: Band 2: 1518–1522. Bearbeitet von Stefan Michel, Beate Kusche, Ulrike Ludwig, Konstantin Enge, Dagmar Blaha und Alexander Bartmuß unter Mitarbeit von Saskia Jähnigen und Steven Bickel (in German). Evangelische Verlagsanstalt. p. 20. ISBN 978-3-374-07173-9. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  62. ^ "Poynings, Sir Edward". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/22683. Retrieved July 27, 2023. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  63. ^ Fayrfax, Robert (January 1, 1985). Sacred Music from the Lambeth Choirbook. A-R Editions, Inc. p. viii. ISBN 978-0-89579-150-4. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  64. ^ Laurent, Eugène (1854). Histoire de Marguerite de Lorraine, Duchesse d'Alençon, bisaïeule de Henri IV., etc (in French). Barbier. p. 306. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  65. ^ "Leo X | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
  66. ^ Costa, António Leite da (November 4, 2019). História de Portugal (in European Portuguese). Leya. p. 109. ISBN 978-972-20-6863-5. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  67. ^ Brigliadori, Egidio; Pasquini, Agostino (2000). Religiosità in Valconca: vicende e figure (in Italian). Silvana. p. 122. ISBN 978-88-8215-266-6. Retrieved July 27, 2023.