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Brigadier-General John Sanctuary Nicholson, CB, CMG, CBE, DSO (19 May 1863 – 21 February 1924) was a British soldier and politician. He was a Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) from 1921 to 1924.

Born in Kensington, London, the son of William Nicholson and his wife Isabella.^[1] He was educated at Harrow and then in 1882 to the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.^[1] He was commissioned in 7th Hussars in February 1884 and in 1886 he spent eight years in India with his regiment before in 1894 being sent to Natal.^[1]

The 7th Hussars joined a force at Mafeking to suppress a native rising in Matabeleland.^[1] During these operations he raised and commanded a Corps of British South African Police.^[1] He became Commandant-General of the British South African Police and Inspector-General of Volunteers in Rhodesia from 1898 until 1903.^[1] In 1903 he succeeded Baden-Powell as Inspector-General of South African Constabulary and retired from the post as a Colonel in 1907.^[1]

With a father and brother both being members of parliament Nicholson contested a seat in East Dorset in the 1910 general election.^[1] He lost by 426 votes to Captain Guest but after a petition Guest was unseated.^[1] Nicholson stood again as a Conservative candidate in a by-election against Guests brother Henry Guest but was defeated again by a small margin.^[1] In the second general election of 1910 in December, he tried to get elected at Stafford but was defeated by 755 votes.^[1]

During the First World War he joined the British Expeditionary Force and from April 1915 to December 1918 he was Base Commandant at Calais.^[1] He had been promoted to Brigadier-General in 1916 and he retired from the Army in 1920.^[1]

In In 1921, he was elected the Member of Parliament for the Westminster Abbey constituency in a by-election following the death of the incumbent MP William Burdett-Coutts. He was re-elected in the following two general elections in 1922 and 1923. Nicholson, who had never married, died on 21 February 1924 of pneumonia at his house at South Audley Street, Mayfair aged 60.^[2], a by-election was held to replace him as a MP.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col A, p. 17. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)
^ "General Nicholson, M P.". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col F, p. 12. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)

Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume III 1919-1945, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (The Harvester Press 1976)

External links

Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by John Nicholson

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by William Burdett-Coutts	Member of Parliament for Westminster Abbey 1921 – 1924	Succeeded by Otho Nicholson

Template:Persondata

[obit-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m "General Nicholson. Soldier, Organizer And Politician., The Abbey Division". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col A, p. 17. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)

[Times43582-2] "General Nicholson, M P.". Obituaries. The Times. No. 43582. London. 22 February 1924. col F, p. 12. template uses deprecated parameter(s) (help)

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	'''Brigadier-General John Sanctuary Nicholson''', [[Order of the Bath\|CB]], [[Order of St Michael and St George\|CMG]], [[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]], [[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]] (19 May 1863 – 21 February 1924) was a [[United Kingdom\|British]] [[soldier]] and [[politician]]. He was a [[Conservative Party (UK)\|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) from 1921 to 1924.		'''Brigadier-General John Sanctuary Nicholson''', [[Order of the Bath\|CB]], [[Order of St Michael and St George\|CMG]], [[Order of the British Empire\|CBE]], [[Distinguished Service Order\|DSO]] (19 May 1863 – 21 February 1924) was a [[United Kingdom\|British]] [[soldier]] and [[politician]]. He was a [[Conservative Party (UK)\|Conservative]] [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) from 1921 to 1924.