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'''Fluocinolone acetonide''' is a [[corticosteroid]] primarily used in [[dermatology]] to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching. It is a synthetic [[hydrocortisone]] derivative. The fluorine substitution at position 9 in the steroid nucleus greatly enhances its activity. It was first synthesized in 1959 in the Research Department of Syntex Laboratories S.A. Mexico City.<ref>J S Mills, A. Bowers, Carl Djerassi and H.J. Ringold, Steroids CXXXVII. Synthesis of a New Class of Potent Cortical Hormones. 6α,9α-Difluoro-16α-Hydroxyprednisolone and its Acetonide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 80, 3399-3404 (1960)</ref> Preparations containing it were first marketed under the name Synalar. A typical dosage strength used in dermatology is 0.01–0.025%. One such cream is sold under the brand name '''Flucort-N''' and includes the antibiotic [[neomycin]].
'''Fluocinolone acetonide''' is a [[corticosteroid]] primarily used in [[dermatology]] to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.{{Citation needed|date=November 2019|reason=Please clarify which it is corticoid: gluco- or mineralo-}} It is a synthetic [[hydrocortisone]] derivative. The fluorine substitution at position 9 in the steroid nucleus greatly enhances its activity. It was first synthesized in 1959 in the Research Department of Syntex Laboratories S.A. Mexico City.<ref>J S Mills, A. Bowers, Carl Djerassi and H.J. Ringold, Steroids CXXXVII. Synthesis of a New Class of Potent Cortical Hormones. 6α,9α-Difluoro-16α-Hydroxyprednisolone and its Acetonide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 80, 3399-3404 (1960)</ref> Preparations containing it were first marketed under the name Synalar. A typical dosage strength used in dermatology is 0.01–0.025%. One such cream is sold under the brand name '''Flucort-N''' and includes the antibiotic [[neomycin]].


Fluocinolone acetonide was also found to strongly potentiate TGF-β-associated [[chondrogenesis]] of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, by increasing the levels of collagen type II by more than 100 fold compared to the widely used dexamethasone.<ref>Hara ES, Ono M, Pham HT, Sonoyama W, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Matsumoto T, Young MF, Olsen BR, Kuboki T. Fluocinolone Acetonide is a Potent Synergistic Factor of TGF-β3-Associated Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Surface Regeneration. J Bone Miner Res. 2015. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbmr.2502/abstract</ref>
Fluocinolone acetonide was also found to strongly potentiate TGF-β-associated [[chondrogenesis]] of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, by increasing the levels of collagen type II by more than 100 fold compared to the widely used dexamethasone.<ref>Hara ES, Ono M, Pham HT, Sonoyama W, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Matsumoto T, Young MF, Olsen BR, Kuboki T. Fluocinolone Acetonide is a Potent Synergistic Factor of TGF-β3-Associated Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Surface Regeneration. J Bone Miner Res. 2015. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbmr.2502/abstract</ref>

Revision as of 18:28, 16 November 2019

Fluocinolone acetonide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Pregnancy
category
  • C
Routes of
administration		Topical
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
MetabolismHepatic, CYP3A4-mediated
Elimination half-life1.3 to 1.7 hours
Identifiers
  • (1S,2S,4R,8S,9S,11S,12R,13S,19S)-12,19-difluoro-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-6,6,9,13-tetramethyl-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.000.607 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H30F2O6
Molar mass452.488 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C\1\C=C5/[C@@](/C=C/1)(C)[C@]2(F)[C@H]([C@H]3[C@](C[C@@H]2O)([C@@]4(OC(O[C@@H]4C3)(C)C)C(=O)CO)C)C[C@@H]5F
  • InChI=1S/C24H30F2O6/c1-20(2)31-19-9-13-14-8-16(25)15-7-12(28)5-6-21(15,3)23(14,26)17(29)10-22(13,4)24(19,32-20)18(30)11-27/h5-7,13-14,16-17,19,27,29H,8-11H2,1-4H3/t13-,14-,16-,17-,19+,21-,22-,23-,24+/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:FEBLZLNTKCEFIT-VSXGLTOVSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Fluocinolone acetonide is a corticosteroid primarily used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.[citation needed] It is a synthetic hydrocortisone derivative. The fluorine substitution at position 9 in the steroid nucleus greatly enhances its activity. It was first synthesized in 1959 in the Research Department of Syntex Laboratories S.A. Mexico City.[1] Preparations containing it were first marketed under the name Synalar. A typical dosage strength used in dermatology is 0.01–0.025%. One such cream is sold under the brand name Flucort-N and includes the antibiotic neomycin.

Fluocinolone acetonide was also found to strongly potentiate TGF-β-associated chondrogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells, by increasing the levels of collagen type II by more than 100 fold compared to the widely used dexamethasone.[2]

Fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implants have been used to treat non-infectious uveitis. A systematic review could not determine whether fluocinolone acetonide implants are superior to standard of care treatment for uveitis.[3]

It was patented in 1958 and approved for medical use in 1961.[4]

Classification

Flucinolone is a group V (0.025%) or group VI (0.01%) corticosteroid under US classification.

See also

References

  1. ^ J S Mills, A. Bowers, Carl Djerassi and H.J. Ringold, Steroids CXXXVII. Synthesis of a New Class of Potent Cortical Hormones. 6α,9α-Difluoro-16α-Hydroxyprednisolone and its Acetonide, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 80, 3399-3404 (1960)
  2. ^ Hara ES, Ono M, Pham HT, Sonoyama W, Kubota S, Takigawa M, Matsumoto T, Young MF, Olsen BR, Kuboki T. Fluocinolone Acetonide is a Potent Synergistic Factor of TGF-β3-Associated Chondrogenesis of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Surface Regeneration. J Bone Miner Res. 2015. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jbmr.2502/abstract
  3. ^ Brady CJ, Villanti AC, Law HA, Rahimy E, Reddy R, Sieving PC, Garg SJ, Tang J (2016). "Corticosteroid implants for chronic non-infectious uveitis". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2: CD010469. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010469.pub2. PMC 5038923. PMID 26866343.
  4. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 485. ISBN 9783527607495.


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