Buôn Ma Thuột
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Buôn Ma Thuột
Thành phố Buôn Ma Thuột Ban Mê Thuột, Lạc Giao | |
|---|---|
| Buôn Ma Thuột City | |
From top to bottom, left to right: City center. Buôn Ma Thuột city square seen from above, Buôn Ma Thuột cathedral, Khải Đoan pagoda, Buôn Ma Thuột central intersection Buôn Mê Thuột stadium | |
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  Buôn Ma Thuột Location of in Vietnam  Buôn Ma Thuột Buôn Ma Thuột (Southeast Asia)  Buôn Ma Thuột Buôn Ma Thuột (Asia) | |
| Coordinates: 12°40′N 108°3′E / 12.667°N 108.050°E | |
| Country |  Vietnam |
| Province | Đắk Lắk |
| Area | |
| • City (Class-1) | 377.18 km2 (145.63 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 536 m (1,759 ft) |
| Population (2019 census) | |
| • City (Class-1) | 375,590 |
| • Density | 1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 245,951 |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Website | buonmathuot |
12°40′N 108°3′E / 12.667°N 108.050°E Buôn Ma Thuột (formerly Lạc Giao)[1] or sometimes Buôn Mê Thuột or Ban Mê Thuột (), is the capital city of Đắk Lắk Province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Its population was 375,590 in 2019.[2] The city is the largest in Vietnam's Central Highlands region and is famous as the regional "capital of coffee".[3][4][5]
Buôn Ma Thuột has Buôn Ma Thuột Airport as its main airport.
Names
The name Buôn Ma Thuột derives from the language of the Ê Đê people. A possible interpretation of this language is the village of Father Thuot. Father Thuot, or Ama Y Thuot, held considerable power and prestige as the governing figure of Buon Ma Thuot Village during the late 19th century.[6][7]
History
In 1904 Đắk Lắk Province was established by the French and Buôn Ma Thuột was selected as the provincial administrative centre, rather than the trading center of Đôn on the Srepok River. Buôn Ma Thuột was originally settled by the Ê Đê, but due to the incoming Việt settlement after the Vietnam War and the active acculturation policy, less than 15% (around 40,000) are still Montagnards. An important battle took place there at the end of the Vietnam war.
Geography
The city is located at 12.6667° N 108.0500° E, right at the heart of the Central Highlands of Vietnam, 1300 km from Hanoi, 500 km from Da Nang, and 350 km from Ho Chi Minh City. Lying on a fairly flat highland, at an average height of 536 m (1,759 ft) above sea level, Buôn Ma Thuột has a vital role in Vietnam's national security and defense system.[citation needed] Buôn Ma Thuột is the capital of Đắk Lắk Province and also the biggest city in the Central Highlands region (Tây Nguyên).
Institutions
Buôn Ma Thuột is the site of Tây Nguyên University, which was founded in 1977 and has educated more than 27,000 students. The TNU offers training in 37 university programs, 8 college programs, and 6 college-university interlinking programs and pre-university programs.[8]
SocioEconomic (2022)
Economic Growth:
- The province's total gross domestic product (GRDP) grew by 8.94%, exceeding the planned target by 3.65%.
- Agricultural, forestry, and fishery production remained stable and played a key role in maintaining economic growth.
- The industrial production index increased by 16.75%, mainly due to controlled COVID-19 and the growth of the manufacturing sector.
- The mining sector experienced a decline due to difficulties in resource extraction policies and environmental protection regulations.
Business Development:
- Approximately 1,500 new enterprises were established with a registered capital of over 20,100 billion VND, a 42.72% increase from 2021.
Trade and Services:
- Retail sales and consumer service revenue reached over 100 trillion VND, a 19.9% increase from the previous year.
- Export turnover was estimated at 1.5 billion USD, a 30.32% increase, while import turnover was 450 million USD.
State Budget:
- Total state budget revenue was estimated at over 9,152 billion VND, a 39.38% increase.
- State budget expenditures totaled over 21,236 billion VND, with development investment expenditures increasing by 14.99%.
Social Indicators:
- The provincial population reached 1,918,440, an increase of 0.49%.
- The labor force from 15 years old and older increased to 1,146,335.
- Employment was provided to approximately 41,250 people, achieving 103.12% of the planned target.
Administrative reforms showed positive results, and political security and social order were maintained. During the press conference, questions about budget revenue and expenditures, new business registrations, and employment statistics were addressed by the leaders of the Đắk Lắk Statistics Department and other relevant departments. [9]
Goverment Resolution
The Government issued Resolution No. 103/NQCP to implement the Political Bureau's Conclusion No. 67KL/TW, aiming to build and develop Buôn Ma Thuột, Đắk Lắk province, up to 2030 with a vision to 2045.
Key Goals for 20212025:
- Economic Growth: Aim for an average annual growth rate above 11%.
- Economic Structure by 2025: Services sector to constitute 62%, industryconstruction 30%.
- Income: Average per capita income to reach 150 million VND.
- Labor and Training: Over 77% of the labor force to receive training; elimination of poverty; 80% of the population to have access to clean water; all communes to meet national health standards.
Main Objectives:
- Policy Implementation: All government levels and departments to propagate and execute the resolution.
- Planning and Development: Complete regional planning for Tây Nguyên and Đắk Lắk (2021-2030, vision 2050).
- Resource Mobilization: Focus on attracting investments and improving infrastructure for efficient use of resources.
- Economic Development: Leverage strengths in key economic areas, including developing human resources to meet Industry 4.0 demands.
- City Development: Establish Buôn Ma Thuột as a hub for science, technology, tourism, and culture in Tây Nguyên.
- Social Progress: Enhance the material and spiritual life of citizens.
- Environmental Protection: Proactively address climate change and resource management issues.
- National Defense and Security: Ensure political stability and safety.
- Party Building: Strengthen the Party's integrity and effectiveness.
Cooperation and Coordination:
- Government Collaboration: Ministries and agencies to work closely with local authorities for effective implementation.
- Regional Partnerships: Foster connections with neighboring provinces in the CambodiaLaosVietnam Development Triangle and other key economic regions for sustainable development.
LongTerm Vision (2030-2045):
- Urban Center Development: Buôn Ma Thuột to become a central urban area in Tây Nguyên, maximizing natural resources and cultural values.
- Sustainable Growth: Maintain high economic growth, shift economic structures, develop green and smart industries, and promote hightech urban agriculture.
- Technological Advancement: Embrace Industry 4.0 and innovation to improve human resource quality.
Climate
| Climate data for Buôn Ma Thuột, elevation 490 m (1,610 ft) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.3 (93.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
39.4 (102.9) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.1 (95.2) |
34.6 (94.3) |
34.6 (94.3) |
33.1 (91.6) |
33.1 (91.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
32.4 (90.3) |
39.4 (102.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 27.1 (80.8) |
29.6 (85.3) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.3 (91.9) |
31.8 (89.2) |
29.9 (85.8) |
29.2 (84.6) |
29.0 (84.2) |
28.9 (84.0) |
28.4 (83.1) |
27.2 (81.0) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.4 (84.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.5 (76.1) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.3 (75.7) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.0 (75.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
23.7 (74.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.0 (71.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
21.3 (70.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.1 (70.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
12.3 (54.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.9 (64.2) |
14.4 (57.9) |
17.0 (62.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 5.2 (0.20) |
3.8 (0.15) |
24.1 (0.95) |
84.3 (3.32) |
233.6 (9.20) |
245.1 (9.65) |
253.7 (9.99) |
309.8 (12.20) |
311.4 (12.26) |
198.8 (7.83) |
100.3 (3.95) |
26.4 (1.04) |
1,784.3 (70.25) |
| Average rainy days | 1.6 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 7.8 | 18.5 | 21.2 | 23.4 | 24.2 | 23.2 | 15.7 | 10.6 | 5.8 | 156.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 77.6 | 74.2 | 72.0 | 72.8 | 80.2 | 84.8 | 86.1 | 87.4 | 88.4 | 86.5 | 84.5 | 82.1 | 81.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 249.7 | 249.4 | 265.1 | 253.4 | 226.2 | 185.4 | 180.5 | 162.6 | 153.5 | 168.5 | 170.9 | 188.6 | 2,450.4 |
| Source 1: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[11] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: The Yearbook of Indochina (1930-1931 and 1932-1933)[12] [13] | |||||||||||||
Culture and Heritage
Coffee Capital
Although coffee was introduced to Vietnam as early as 1870, it was only widely cultivated in Đắk Lắk from the 1930s in plantations owned by French capitalists like CADA. The region's basalt red soil proved particularly suitable for coffee cultivation, leading to an increase in coffee growing areas. Currently, according to statistics, Đắk Lắk has more than 175,000 hectares of coffee (in reality, over 200,000 hectares, as some areas are not included in the official plan). Đắk Lắk is recognized as having the highest coffee yield in the world, significantly contributing to Vietnam's position as the second largest coffee exporter globally, with robusta coffee ranking first. Almost every district in Đắk Lắk grows coffee, but Buôn Ma Thuột coffee is considered the highest quality with a distinctive flavor, earning the city the title "coffee capital." [14][15]
Buôn Ma Thuột aspires to become the world's coffee capital, leveraging its renowned coffee quality and expanding its global influence. The city's unique cultural heritage, combined with its superior coffee production, positions it as a key player in the international coffee industry, aiming to elevate its status and recognition on the world stage. [16][17]
Khai Doan Pagoda
The Central Highlands' gong culture, recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, is showcased through unique performance styles and language. Oral folk literature, including the Đam San epic, is another rich intangible cultural heritage. Traditional wooden statues, mainly tomb statues, play a significant role in the spiritual life of the Ê Đê people, inspired by daily life, production activities, and spiritual customs.[18][19][20]
Coffee Festival
The Buôn Ma Thuột Coffee Festival, held biennially in Buôn Ma Thuột city, Đắk Lắk province, honors coffee, a dominant crop contributing 60% of Vietnam's coffee output. The festival, first organized in 2005, features activities related to coffee production and processing, alongside vibrant cultural and sports events and online transactions with the global market.[21][22][23]
See also
References
- ^ "Buon Me Thuot" Encyclopædia Britannica (2009 edition) Encyclopædia Britannica Online, accessed 24 September 2009
- ^ "Buôn Ma Thuột (District-level City, Đắk Lắk, Vietnam) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-07.
- ^ "Buon Ma Thuot, the capital of coffee". THE VOICE OF VIETNAM. 2015-04-09. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
- ^ "Dak Lak – The capital of Vietnamese coffee". Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
- ^ Learning, Innovative Language; Com, Vietnamesepod101. Learn Vietnamese (in Vietnamese).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "The process of the formation of Buôn Ma Thuột in DakLak through various historical periods". Daklak Department of Finance. February 17, 2024.
- ^ SemiColonWeb; Lắk, Bảo tàng Đắk. "ĐÔI ĐIỀU VỀ TÊN GỌI THÀNH PHỐ BUÔN MA THUỘT". daklakmuseum.vn. Retrieved 2024-02-17.
- ^ "HOME". www.ttn.edu.vn. Retrieved 2020-01-26.
- ^ baodaklak.vn https://baodaklak.vn/thoisu/202212/tocdotangtruongtongsanphamtinhdaklaknam2022tang8948e01555/. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Xây dựng Buôn Ma Thuột trở thành đô thị trung tâm vùng Tây Nguyên". khdt.daklak.gov.vn. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).
- ^ The Yearbook of Indochina (1930-1931)
- ^ The Yearbook of Indochina (1932-1933)
- ^ "Đắk Lắk - "Thủ phủ" cà-phê Việt Nam". Báo Nhân Dân điện tử (in Vietnamese). 2023-09-30. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Coffee, not roasted or decaffeinated exports by country |2022". wits.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Buôn Ma Thuột và tầm nhìn Thành phố cà phê của thế giới". Báo điện tử Tiền Phong (in Vietnamese). 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2023-12-08). "Thủ phủ cà phê Buôn Ma Thuột được Warner Bros. Discovery ca ngợi trên sóng toàn cầu". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Chùa Sắc Tứ Khải Đoan và vẻ đẹp cổ kính làm say lòng người". mia.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Sắc Tứ Khải Đoan - Ngôi chùa cuối cùng của Việt Nam được sắc tứ". laodong.vn (in Vietnamese). 2022-11-10. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ News, V. T. C. (2022-02-07). "Khải Đoan - ngôi chùa cuối cùng được phong Sắc tứ ở Việt Nam". Báo điện tử VTC News (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-06-21.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ "Chương trình chi tiết Lễ hội Cà phê Buôn Ma Thuột lần thứ 8 năm 2023 - Chi tiết tin - Trang chủ". daklak.gov.vn. Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ ONLINE, TUOI TRE (2023-02-03). "Lễ hội cà phê Buôn Ma Thuột năm 2023 có quy mô lớn nhất từ trước đến nay". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-06-21.
- ^ "Choáng ngợp với Lễ hội cà phê Buôn Ma Thuột đậm đà sắc màu văn hóa". mia.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2024-06-21.
External links
- "Establishing Buon Ma Thuot City and Adjusting the Border Between it and the Districts of Cu Jut, Ea Sup and Krong Pac of Darlac Province" Laws of Vietnam, Decree 8-CP, 21 January 1995
- "Buon Ma Thuot, Vietnam" Falling Rain Genomics, Inc.
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