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Next Serbian parliamentary election
Serbia
← 2023 by 31 December 2027
All 250 seats in the National Assembly
126 seats needed for a majority
Parliamentary group Leader Current seats
AV–SNSDS Miloš Vučević 112
SSP Marinika Tepić 16
NPS–NLS Miroslav Aleksić 13
SPS–Zeleni Ivica Dačić 13
NADA Miloš Jovanović 13
ZLF Radomir Lazović 10
SRCE Zdravko Ponoš 9
DS Zoran Lutovac 8
ZS–RS–USS Miloljub Albijanić [sr] 6
MI–GIN Branko Pavlović 6
MI–SN Branimir Nestorović 6
PUPS Milan Krkobabić 6
VMSZ Bálint Pásztor 6
SDPS Rasim Ljajić 6
JS Dragan Marković 5
EU Aleksandar Jovanović 5
PSG–SDAS–PVD Pavle Grbović 5
Independents 5
Incumbent Prime Minister
Miloš Vučević
SNS

Parliamentary elections will be held in Serbia by 31 December 2027 to elect members of the National Assembly.

The Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) came to power in 2012 after forming a government with Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS). In the 2023 parliamentary election, SNS re-gained its parliamentary majority. Due to the allegations of electoral fraud, protests were held after the election, with its organisers calling for the annulment of the results. Miloš Vučević became the prime minister of Serbia in May 2024.

Background

A populist coalition, led by the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), came to power after the 2012 election, along with the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS).[1][2] Aleksandar Vučić, who initially served as deputy prime minister and later as prime minister, was elected president in 2017 and re-elected in 2022.[3][4] Since he came to power, observers have assessed that Serbia has suffered from democratic backsliding into authoritarianism, followed by a decline in media freedom and civil liberties.[5][6] The V-Dem Institute has categorised Serbia as an electoral autocracy since 2014, while Freedom House noted in 2024 that SNS "eroded political rights and civil liberties, put pressure on independent media, the opposition, and civil society organisations".[7][8][9]

On 17 December 2023, parliamentary elections were held in Serbia; it was a snap election.[10] The election resulted in a victory of the SNS-led Serbia Must Not Stop electoral alliance, winning a majority of seats in the National Assembly of Serbia.[11] The second place was obtained by Serbia Against Violence (SPN), a broad coalition of opposition parties, winning 65 seats in total.[11] The SPS electoral alliance, however, collapsed and only won 18 seats, its worst result since the 2007 parliamentary election.[11] Despite this, according to non-governmental and monitoring organisations, the election day was marked with electoral fraud, with irregularities such as the Bulgarian train and vote buying.[12][13] The Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights concluded this in its report that was published in February 2024.[14] Protests were held up to 30 December, with its organisers, including SPN, calling for the results to be annulled.[15][16] Amidst the protests, a riot occurred after an unsuccessful attempt from opposition councillors trying to enter the building of the City Assembly of Belgrade.[17] After the elections, the European Parliament held a session in January 2024, discussing the 2023 elections in Serbia.[18] A month later, it adopted a resolution regarding the election.[19]

After several months of negotiations, SNS formed a new government on 2 May, with Miloš Vučević, who is also the president of SNS, as prime minister.[20]

Electoral system

The 250 members of the National Assembly are elected by closed-list proportional representation from a single nationwide constituency.[21][22] Eligible voters vote for electoral lists, on which the candidates of the accepted lists are present.[22] A maximum of 250 candidates could be present on a single electoral list.[22] An electoral list could be submitted by a registered political party, a coalition of political parties, or a citizens' group.[22] To submit an electoral list, at least 10,000 valid signatures must be collected, though ethnic minority parties only need to collect 5,000 signatures to qualify on the ballot.[22][23] At least 40 percent of candidates on electoral lists must be female.[24] The electoral list is submitted by its chosen representative or representatives.[25] An electoral list could be declined, after which those who had submitted can fix the deficiencies in a span of 48 hours, or rejected, if the person is not authorised to nominate candidates.[25] The name and date of the election, names of the electoral lists and its representatives, and information on how to vote are only present on the voting ballot.[25]

The Republic Electoral Commission (RIK), local election commissions, and polling boards oversee the election.[25] Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method with an electoral threshold of 3 percent of all votes cast, although the threshold is waived for ethnic minority parties.[21][26] The seats are distributed by dividing the total number of votes received by the electoral list participating in the distribution of seats by each number from one to 250.[25] If two or more electoral lists receive the same quotients on the basis of which the seat is distributed, the electoral list that received the greater number of votes has priority.[25] Parliamentary seats are awarded to candidates from electoral lists according to their order, starting with the first candidate from an electoral list.[22]

A parliamentary election is called by the president of Serbia, who also has to announce its date and dissolve the National Assembly in the process.[22][25] According to law, the next parliamentary election is supposed to take place by 31 December 2027.[27] It is possible for a snap election to take place.[28] To vote, a person has to be a citizen and resident of Serbia and at least 18 years old.[27] For those who live abroad, they are able to vote at diplomatic missions.[21] At least five days before the election, citizens are notified about the election; citizens receive information about the day and time of the election and the address of the polling station where they can vote.[22] Election silence begins two days before the voting day, and it lasts until the closure of all polling stations.[29] During the election day, eligible voters could vote from 07:00 (UTC+01:00) to 20:00, though if the polling station is opened later than 07:00, voting is then extended by the amount of time for which the opening of the polling station was delayed.[25][30] Voters who are not able to vote at polling stations due to being sick, old, or invalid have to inform their election commission before 11:00 so that they could vote on the election day from their home between after 11:00.[30]

Election date

By law, the next parliamentary election should take place by 31 December 2027.[27] The election could be scheduled earlier.[28] However, Vučić announced that the next parliamentary election will be held in 2027, together with the presidential election, thus it will be a general election.[31] Vučević echoed the same.[32] Dragomir Anđelković, a political analyst, has argued that the next parliamentary election will be only held after the completion of the Expo 2027 fair and the expansion of the Belgrade Waterfront project.[33] Darko Glišić, the president of the Executive Board of SNS, said in July 2024 that "snap elections have not been excluded" (vanredni izbori nisu isključeni) after the Party of Freedom and Justice demanded that snap elections take place, though also that "the plan is to go for a full mandate" (plan jeste pun mandat).[34][35]

Political parties

See also: List of political parties in Serbia

The table below lists political parties and coalitions elected to the National Assembly after the 2023 parliamentary election.[36] Final results were published on 3 January 2024.[37]

Name Ideology Political position Leader(s) 2023 result
Votes (%) Seats
Serbia Must Not Stop Populism Big tent Miloš Vučević 48.07%
129 / 250
Serbia Against Violence Anti-corruption Big tent Marinika Tepić
Miroslav Aleksić 		24.32%
65 / 250
SPS–JS–Zeleni Populism Big tent Ivica Dačić 6.73%
18 / 250
National Democratic Alternative National conservatism Right-wing Miloš Jovanović 5.16%
13 / 250
We – Voice from the People Right-wing populism Right-wing Collective leadership 4.82%
13 / 250
Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians Minority politics Bálint Pásztor 1.74%
6 / 250
SPP–DSHV Usame Zukorlić 0.78%
2 / 250
SDA Sandžak Sulejman Ugljanin 0.59%
2 / 250
Political Battle of the Albanians Continues Shaip Kamberi 0.36%
1 / 250
RS–NKPJ Slobodan Nikolić 0.31%
1 / 250
Source: Republic Bureau of Statistics[36]

Current composition

Further information: 14th National Assembly of Serbia

The fourteenth convocation of the National Assembly held its constitutive session on 6 February 2024, at which the 14th parliamentary composition was formalised.[38] Ana Brnabić of SNS was elected president of the National Assembly on 19 March, while Sandra Božić (SNS), Marina Raguš (SNS), Snežana Paunović (SPS), Elvira Kovács (Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, VMSZ), Edin Đerlek (Justice and Reconciliation Party, SPP), and Jovan Janjić (We – Voice from the People, MI–GIN) were elected vice-presidents.[39]

Current parliamentary composition[40]
Groups Parties MPs
Seats Total
Aleksandar Vučić – Serbia Must Not Stop SNS 105 111
PS 2
SPO 2
NSS 1
SSD 1
Party of Freedom and Justice SSP 15 16
USS Sloga 1
People's Movement of Serbia – New Face of Serbia NPS 11 13
NLS 2
Ivica Dačić – Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) SPS 12 13
Zeleni 1
New DSS – POKS (NADA) NDSS 7 13
POKS 6
Green–Left Front – Do not let Belgrade drown ZLF 10 10
Serbia Centre – SRCE SRCE 9 9
Democratic Party – DS DS 8 8
Healthy Serbia – Russian Party – United Peasant Party ZS 3 7
SNP 2
USS 1
RS 1
We – Voice from the People MI–GIN 6 6
We – Power of the People prof dr Branimir Nestorović MI–SN 6 6
PUPS – Solidarity and Justice PUPS 6 6
Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians VMSZ/SVM 6 6
Social Democratic Party of Serbia SDPS 6 6
Dragan Marković Palma – United Serbia JS 5 5
Ecological Uprising EU 5 5
MPs not members of parliamentary groups PSG 3 10
SDAS 2
SPP 2
PVD/PDD 1
Ind. 2

Pre-election activities

Government parties

Following the 2023 elections, Vučević announced that the idea of the People's Movement for the State (NPZD) would continue to be discussed for the next parliamentary election.[41] Despite being announced in March 2023, the date of the formation of NPZD has not been officialised yet.[41][42] In June 2024, Radoslav Milojičić, the president of the Serbian Left, switched his affiliation to SNS.[43]

Opposition parties

A rift between the Party of Freedom and Justice (SSP) and Movement of Free Citizens (PSG) occurred in the National Assembly in March 2024.[44] All three PSG MPs decided to leave the SSP–PSG parliamentary group and to continue as MPs without a parliamentary group.[44] SSP continued on its own.[45] A month later, SPN ceased to exist due to a dispute between its parties on whether to boycott the 2024 Belgrade City Assembly election.[46] SSP, Serbia Centre, and Together opted to boycott the election, while the rest of SPN parties took part under the We Choose Belgrade banner.[47]

The We – Voice from the People also suffered a split in 2024, with Branimir Nestorović and his allies forming the We – Power of the People.[48]

References

  1. ^ "Izbori 2012: Rezultati i postizborna trgovina" [2012 elections: Results and post-election trade]. Vreme (in Serbian). 10 May 2012. Archived from the original on 30 June 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  2. ^ Kojić, Nikola (27 July 2023). "Dan kad je formirana prva vlada SNS-SPS: Kako je Dačić vratio Vučića na vlast" [The day when the first SNS–SPS government was formed: How Dačić brought Vučić back to power]. N1 (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  3. ^ Rudić, Filip (2 April 2017). "Vučić wins Serbian Presidential elections". Balkan Insight. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  4. ^ "Pobeda Vučića i SNS, Beograd još enigma" [The victory of Vučić and SNS, in Belgrade still an engima]. Deutsche Welle (in Serbian). 4 March 2022. Archived from the original on 3 April 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  5. ^ Bieber, Florian (July 2018). "Patterns of competitive authoritarianism in the Western Balkans". East European Politics. 38 (3): 337–54. doi:10.1080/21599165.2018.1490272.
  6. ^ Maerz, Seraphine F; et al. (April 2020). "State of the world 2019: autocratization surges – resistance grows". Democratization. 27 (6): 909–927. doi:10.1080/13510347.2020.1758670.
  7. ^ Nord, Marina; Lundstedt, Martin; Altman, David; Angiolillo, Fabio; Borella, Cecilia; Fernandes, Tiago; Gastaldi, Lisa; Natsika, Natalia; Lindberg, Staffan I. (2024). Democracy Report 2024: Democracy Winning and Losing at the Ballot (PDF). Gothenburg: V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg. p. 14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Serbia: Freedom in the World 2024 Country Report". Freedom House. Retrieved 7 July 2024.
  9. ^ Konstantinović, Ivana (9 March 2023). "Fridom haus: U Srbiji dramatičan pad sloboda, demokratija u svetu na prekretnici" [Freedom House: Dramatic decline of freedoms in Serbia, democracy in the world at a turning point]. Voice of America (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  10. ^ "Vučić raspisao vanredne parlamentarne izbore za 17. decembar" [Vučić announced snap parliamentary elections for 17 December]. N1 (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  11. ^ a b c "CeSID i IPSOS obradili 97,2 odsto uzorka – SNS-u 128 mandata, SPN-u 65" [CeSID and IPSOS processed 97.2 percent of the sample – SNS 128 mandates, SPN 65]. N1 (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  12. ^ "CeSID dosad zabeležio više od 50 nepravilnosti na izborima" [So far, CeSID recorded more than 50 irregularities in the elections]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  13. ^ "Porodično glasanje, pritisak na birače: CeSID objavio nepravilnosti od 14 do 17 časova" [Family voting, pressure on voters: CeSID announced irregularities from 14:00 to 17:00]. N1 (in Serbian). 17 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  14. ^ "N1 ekskluzivno: Izveštaj ODIHR o izborima 17. decembra u Srbiji – kampanjom dominirao Vučić" [N1 exclusive: ODIHR report on the 17 December elections in Serbia – Vučić dominated the campaign]. N1 (in Serbian). 27 February 2024. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  15. ^ "Protesti opozicije pred zgradom RIK-a, traže poništavanje izbora u Beogradu" [Protest of the opposition in front of the RIK building, they are demanding the annulling of the elections in Belgrade]. Al Jazeera (in Serbian). 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  16. ^ "Hiljade ljudi na protestu inicijative ProGlas, poništavanje izbora jedini zahtev" [Thousands of people at the protest of the ProGlas initiative, annulment of the election the only demand]. BBC News (in Serbian). 30 December 2023. Archived from the original on 21 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  17. ^ Edwards, Christian; Pennington, Josh (25 December 2023). "Demonstrators try to storm Belgrade city hall in protest against "stolen" Serbian elections". CNN. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
  18. ^ "Poslanici Evropskog parlamenta o Srbiji: "Namešteni izbori, fantomski birači, potrebna međunarodna istraga"" [Members of the European Parliament on Serbia: "Rigged elections, phantom voters, international investigation needed"]. NIN (in Serbian). 17 January 2024. Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  19. ^ Tuhina, Gjeraqina (8 February 2024). "Evropski parlament izglasao rezoluciju o Srbiji kojom poziva na istragu o izborima" [The European Parliament passed a resolution on Serbia calling for an investigation into the elections]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 17 April 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  20. ^ Milovančević, Vojislav (2 May 2024). "Izglasana nova Vlada Srbije: Ovo su ministri koji će je činiti" [The new Government of Serbia was voted in: These are the ministers who will make it up]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  21. ^ a b c "Electoral system of Serbia". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2016. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h "Izbori i izborni sistem" [Elections and the electoral system]. National Assembly of Serbia (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  23. ^ Milovančević, Vojislav (29 October 2021). "Detalji sporazuma Vučića i opozicije iz Skupštine" [Details of the agreement between Vučić and the opposition from the Assembly]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  24. ^ "Cenzus tri odsto, na listama 40 procenata žena" [Three percent threshold, 40 percent of women on the lists]. Radio Television of Serbia (in Serbian). 8 February 2022. Archived from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h "Zakon o izboru narodnih poslanika" [Law on Election of People's Deputies]. Pravno-informacioni sistem (in Serbian). 7 February 2022. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  26. ^ Bjelotomić, Snežana (13 January 2020). "Electoral threshold reduced to 3%". Serbian Monitor. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  27. ^ a b c "Serbia: National Assembly". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  28. ^ a b "O izborima za narodne poslanike" [About elections for deputies]. Republic Electoral Commission (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  29. ^ "Počinje izborna trka, predaja lista najkasnije 20 dana pre izbora" [The election race begins, the list is submitted no later than 20 days before the election]. Radio Television of Vojvodina (in Serbian). 1 November 2023. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  30. ^ a b "RIK odredio rokove za izborne radnje: Rok za podnošenje lista 26. novembar, izborna tišina počinje 14. decembra" [The RIK has set deadlines for election activities: The deadline for submitting lists is 26 November, the election silence begins on 14 December]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 4 November 2023. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  31. ^ "Vučić: Naredni parlamentarni izbori 2027. godine sa predsedničkim, a novi beogradski 2028" [Vučić: The next parliamentary elections will be held in 2027 with presidential elections, and the new one in Belgrade in 2028]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 6 April 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  32. ^ "Vučević: Izbora neće biti do 2027. godine, litijum je istorijska šansa Srbije" [Vučević: There will be no elections until 2027, lithium is Serbia's historic chance]. N1 (in Serbian). 11 June 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  33. ^ "I predsednik i premijer "obećali" da izbora neće biti do 2027" [Both the president and the prime minister "promised" that there would be no elections until 2027]. Danas (in Serbian). 12 June 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  34. ^ "Glišić: Planirali smo četvorogodišnji mandat, ali vanredni izbori nisu isključeni" [Glišić: We planned a four-year mandate, but extraordinary elections are not excluded]. N1 (in Serbian). 31 July 2024. Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  35. ^ Ilić, Mladen (30 July 2024). "Vanredni izbori ili protesti: Kako se boriti protiv vlasti i Rio Tinta?" [Extraordinary elections or protests: How to fight against the authorities and Rio Tinto?]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 31 July 2024.
  36. ^ a b Kovačević, Miladin (2024). Izbori za narodne poslanike Narodne skupštine Republike Srbije (PDF) (in Serbian). Belgrade: Republički zavod za statistiku. p. 8–9. ISBN 978-86-6161-252-7. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  37. ^ "Objavljeni konačni rezultati parlamentarnih izbora u Srbiji" [The final results of the parliamentary elections in Serbia have been published]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 5 January 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  38. ^ "Skupština Srbije konstituisana uz zvižduke, opozicija položila zakletvu u holu" [The National Assembly of Serbia was constituted with whistles, the opposition took the oath in the hall]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). 6 February 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  39. ^ "Ana Brnabić izabrana za predsednicu Skupštine Srbije" [Ana Brnabić was elected as the President of the National Assembly of Serbia]. BBC News (in Serbian). 19 March 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  40. ^ "Poslaničke grupe" [Parliamentary groups]. National Assembly of Serbia (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  41. ^ a b "Vučević: SNS će na izbore u koaliciji, Pokret za narod i državu razvijaće se" [Vučević: The SNS will go to the elections in a coalition, the Movement for the People and the State will continue to develop]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 6 March 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  42. ^ "Vučić: Došlo vreme za osnivanje velikog pokreta za narod i državu" [Vučić: The time has come to establish a great movement for the people and the state]. Tanjug (in Serbian). 13 February 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  43. ^ "Čudo se dogodilo! Kena zvanično postao član SNS, a pre 4 godine zvao Đilasa u crkvu da pred Bogom provere ko je Vučićev" [A miracle happened! Kena officially became a member of SNS, and 4 years ago he called Đilas to church to check before God who was Vučić's pawn]. NOVA portal (in Serbian). 12 June 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  44. ^ a b "U poslaničkoj grupi sa SSP više nisu Pavle Grbović i još dvoje poslanika PSG" [Pavle Grbović and two other PSG deputies are no longer in the parliamentary group with the SSP]. N1 (in Serbian). 10 April 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  45. ^ "Stranka slobode i pravde formira svoju poslaničku grupu bez PSG" [The Party of Freedom and Justice forms its parliamentary group without the PSG]. NIN (in Serbian). 10 April 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  46. ^ Ranković, Rade (22 April 2024). "Raspad koalicije "Srbija protiv nasilja", deo opozicije izlazi na izbore na listi "Biram borbu!"" [The collapse of the "Serbia Against Violence" coalition, part of the opposition is going to the elections on the list "I Choose Struggle!"]. Voice of America (in Serbian). Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  47. ^ Cvetković, Ljudmila (3 June 2024). "Ko izlazi na beogradske izbore?" [Who is participating in the Belgrade elections?]. Radio Free Europe (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 12 June 2024. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  48. ^ Stevanović, L. (27 March 2024). "Pokret Branimira Nestorovića od danas je "Mi snaga naroda"" [Branimir Nestorović's movement is from today "We Power of the People"]. Danas (in Serbian). Retrieved 23 June 2024.
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