1804 United States presidential election
The United States presidential election of 1804 pitted incumbent (Democratic) Republican President Thomas Jefferson against Federalist Charles Cotesworth Pinckney. Jefferson easily defeated Pinckney in the first presidential election conducted following the ratification of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Under the rules of the Twelfth Amendment, presidential electors were required to specify in their votes their choice for President and Vice President; previously, electors voted only for President, with the person who came in second becoming the Vice President. George Clinton was elected Vice President and would go on to serve under both Jefferson and his successor, James Madison.
Background
Although the 1800 election had been close, Jefferson had steadily gained popularity during his term. American trade had boomed because the French Revolutionary Wars in Europe had been temporarily suspended. The Louisiana Purchase was heralded as a great achievement.
General election
Jefferson was renominated and George Clinton replaced Aaron Burr as his running mate. The Federalists chose Pinckney and former United States Senator Rufus King of New York to run against him. Attacks on Jefferson's policies proved fruitless; Jefferson's victory was overwhelming, even winning most of the states in the Federalist heartland of New England.
Results
| Presidential candidate | Party | Home state | Popular vote(a), (b) | Electoral vote |
Running mate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count | Percentage | Vice-presidential candidate | Home state | Electoral vote | ||||
| Thomas Jefferson | Republican | Virginia | 104,110 | 72.8% | 162 | George Clinton | New York | 162 |
| Charles Cotesworth Pinckney | Federalist | South Carolina | 38,919 | 27.2% | 14 | Rufus King | New York | 14 |
| Total | 143,029 | 100% | 176 | 176 | ||||
| Needed to win | 89 | 89 | ||||||
Source (Popular Vote): U.S. President National Vote. Our Campaigns. (February 10, 2006).
Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved July 30, 2005. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
(a) Only 11 of the 17 states chose electors by popular vote.
(b) Those states that did choose electors by popular vote had widely varying restrictions on suffrage via property requirements.
Electoral college selection
| Method of choosing electors | State(s) |
|---|---|
| each Elector appointed by state legislature | Connecticut Delaware Georgia New York South Carolina Vermont |
| each Elector chosen by voters statewide | New Hampshire New Jersey Ohio Pennsylvania Rhode Island Virginia |
| state is divided into electoral districts, with one Elector chosen per district by the voters of that district | Kentucky Maryland North Carolina Tennessee |
|
Massachusetts |
See also
References
- "A Historical Analysis of the Electoral College". The Green Papers. Retrieved March 20.
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