Brachyspira pilosicoli
| Brachyspira pilosicoli | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Spirochaetota |
| Class: | Spirochaetia |
| Order: | Brachyspirales |
| Family: | Brachyspiraceae |
| Genus: | Brachyspira |
| Species: | B. pilosicoli
|
| Binomial name | |
| Brachyspira pilosicoli Brandt and Ingvorsen, 1998" [1]
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Brachyspira pilosicoli is a Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, obligate anaerobe bacterium. It is a member of the Spirochaete family. The bacterium is loosely coiled and is 6–11 µm long. It has several flagellae, inserted at either pole of the cell, and a lipopolysaccharide cell wall. It causes intestinal spirochetosis in pigs, chickens, and people, and has been isolated from other species such as dogs, rodents and horses as well.[2] It causes zoonotic infection in humans, with infection thought to originate from dogs.
Lifecycle and pathogenesis
Infection of B. pilosicoli is acquired the faecal-oral route. Once in the alimentary tract, the bacterium invades its target cells in the large intestine causing oedema, haemorrhage and the infiltration by inflammatory cells. The consequences of this are the sloughing of cells into the intestinal lumen, malabsorption and secretory diarrhea.
Diseases
B. pilosicoli is the cause of porcine intestinal spirochaetosis. The presence of the spirochaetes in grey-pink diarrhoea is diagnostic and could last 2 weeks.[2]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Brandt KK, Ingvorsen K (1998). "Validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. List No. 64". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.. 48: 327–8. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-1-327.
- ^ a b Hampson DJ (January 2018). "The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 31 (1): e00087–17, /cmr/31/1/e00087–17.atom. doi:10.1128/CMR.00087-17. PMC 5740978. PMID 29187397.
Further reading
- Hirsh DC, Maclachan NJ, Walker RL (2004). Veterinary Microbiology (2nd ed.). London: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 131–133.
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