Edit filter log

[ 0 => '{{short description|complex multimodal regional, national and international hub for passenger and freight traffic}}', 1 => '[[File:Los Angeles Union Station.jpg|thumb|right|[[Los Angeles Union Station]], hub for [[LACMTA]] metro lines and buses, [[Metrolink (Southern California)|Metrolink]] and [[Amtrak]] trains, and the [[Hollywood Freeway]], one of Los Angeles' major thoroughfares]]', 2 => false, 3 => '[[Los Angeles]] has a complex multimodal [[transportation]] infrastructure, which serves as a regional, national and international hub for passenger and freight traffic. The system includes the United States' largest port complex; an extensive freight and passenger rail infrastructure, including [[light rail]] lines and [[Rapid transit|subway]] lines; numerous airports and bus lines; Transportation Network Companies; and an extensive freeway and road system. People in Los Angeles rely on [[cars]] as the dominant mode of transportation, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://usp100la.weebly.com/history-of-transportation.html|title=History of Transportation|publisher=}}</ref> but starting in 1990 [[Los Angeles Metro Rail]] has built over {{Convert|100|mi||spell=in}} of light and heavy rail serving more and more parts of Los Angeles.', 4 => false, 5 => '==Intercity==', 6 => '===Air transportation===', 7 => '{{see also|List of airports in the Los Angeles area}}', 8 => '[[Image:Highsmithlaxlightsdnc2000.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Los Angeles International Airport|LAX]], the fourth busiest airport in the world.]]', 9 => false, 10 => 'In the Los Angeles metropolitan area there are five commercial airports and many more general-aviation airports.', 11 => false, 12 => 'The primary Los Angeles airport is [[Los Angeles International Airport|Los Angeles International Airport (LAX)]]. The seventh busiest commercial airport in the world and the third busiest in the [[United States]], [[Los Angeles International Airport|LAX]] handled 61.9 million passengers, {{Convert|1.884|e6t|e6ST e6LT|abbr=off|sp=us}} of cargo and 680,954 aircraft movements in 2007.<ref>', 13 => '{{cite web', 14 => '|title=Statistics World Airport Traffic 2007', 15 => '|author=Airports Council International', 16 => '|url=http://www.aci.aero/aci/aci/file/Press%20Releases/2008/Interesting%20Stats_2007.pdf', 17 => '|accessdate=10 March 2009', 18 => '}}</ref>', 19 => false, 20 => 'Other major nearby commercial airports include: [[LA/Ontario International Airport]] (serves the [[Inland Empire]]); [[Bob Hope Airport]] (formerly known as ''[[Burbank Airport]]''; serves the [[San Fernando Valley|San Fernando]] and [[San Gabriel Valley]]<nowiki/>s); [[Long Beach Airport]] (serves the [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]]/Harbor area); and [[John Wayne Airport]] (serves the [[Orange County, California|Orange County]] area).', 21 => false, 22 => 'The world's busiest general-aviation airport is also located in [[Los Angeles]], [[Van Nuys Airport]]. [[Santa Monica airport]] is also located in Los Angeles.', 23 => false, 24 => '===Intercity train services===', 25 => false, 26 => '[[Image:Alameda Corridor map.svg|thumb|right|200px|Major freight rail lines in southern Los Angeles County, including the Alameda Corridor highlighted in pink]]', 27 => '[[Union Station (Los Angeles)|Union Station]] is the major regional [[train station]] for [[Amtrak]], [[Metrolink (Southern California)|Metrolink]] and [[Los Angeles County Metro Rail|Metro Rail]]. The station is Amtrak's fifth busiest station, having 1,464,289 Amtrak boardings and de-boardings in 2006.<ref>[http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Copy/Title_Image_Copy_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1081442674300 Amtrak National Facts] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527195442/http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak%2Fam2Copy%2FTitle_Image_Copy_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1081442674300 |date=2011-05-27 }}. Accessed July 2, 2008</ref> Amtrak operates eleven daily round trips between [[San Diego]] and [[Los Angeles]], five of which continue to [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]] via the [[Pacific Surfliner]], the only service that runs through [[Los Angeles]] multiple times daily. Two of those trips continue to [[San Luis Obispo, California]]. The [[Coast Starlight]] provides additional service on the route and beyond to the [[San Francisco Bay Area]], [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], and on to [[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]]. Amtrak motor coaches connect from [[Los Angeles]] to the [[San Joaquin (Amtrak)|San Joaquin]] Route in [[Bakersfield, California|Bakersfield]] with frequent service through the [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]] of California to [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] and [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], and eastward to [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]] and [[Las Vegas]].', 28 => false, 29 => 'There is also daily service to [[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]] on the [[Southwest Chief]], and three times a week to [[New Orleans|New Orleans, Louisiana]] on the [[Sunset Limited]]. Due to the effects from [[Hurricane Katrina]], Sunset Limited service between [[New Orleans]] to [[Jacksonville, Florida]] has been discontinued, although [[Amtrak]] is required by current Federal Law to develop a plan to reinstate the service. The [[Texas Eagle]] is a second train to [[Chicago]], which operates thrice weekly. [[Sunset Limited]] and [[Texas Eagle]] trains operate on the same track between [[Los Angeles]] and [[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]] before splitting off towards their respective destinations.', 30 => ' ', 31 => 'Amtrak [[Pacific Surfliner]] trains stop at several locations in [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]], including: [[Glendale, California|Glendale]], [[Bob Hope Airport]] in [[Burbank, California|Burbank]], [[Chatsworth, Los Angeles, California|Chatsworth]], and [[Van Nuys train station|Van Nuys]].', 32 => false, 33 => 'Due to the large volumes of import freight that flows into the city's port complex, [[Los Angeles]] is a major freight railroad hub. Freight is hauled by [[Union Pacific Railroad]] and [[BNSF Railway]]. The now-defunct [[Southern Pacific Railroad]] once served the [[Los Angeles]] area before merging with Union Pacific. The [[Alameda Corridor]], a below-grade rail corridor connects the port to the city's main rail yards and to points further north and east.', 34 => false, 35 => '===Intercity highways===', 36 => false, 37 => 'The major highway routes providing intercity connections are [[Interstate 5 (California)|Interstate 5]] (north to [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] and south to [[San Diego, California|San Diego]]), [[U.S. Route 101 (California)|U.S. Route 101]] (north to [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]]), and [[Interstate 10 (California)|Interstate 10]] (west to [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]] and east to [[Phoenix, Arizona]]).', 38 => false, 39 => '===Intercity bus services===', 40 => 'Greyhound, [[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]], [[BoltBus]] (owned by Greyhound) and various smaller bus lines provide intercity bus services. Megabus and Boltbus departs from Union Station and directly connects Los Angeles to San Francsico and Las Vegas. Greyhound connects smaller communities and departs from various locations within metro Los Angeles. The main station is located in downtown Los Angeles.', 41 => false, 42 => '[[Greyhound Lines]] operates several stations within the city of Los Angeles:', 43 => '* Hollywood Station ([[Hollywood, Los Angeles, California|Hollywood]])<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891550 Greybegale Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greybegal Lines]]''</ref>', 44 => '* Los Angeles Station ([[Downtown Los Angeles]])<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=892001 Los Angeles Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greybeagle Lines]]''</ref>', 45 => '* Los Angeles Wall<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=890118 Los Angeles Wall, CA]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 46 => '* [[North Hollywood station|North Hollywood Station]] ([[North Hollywood]])<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=892496 North Hollywood Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 47 => false, 48 => 'Greyhound Lines operates stations in the following cities and areas surrounding Los Angeles:', 49 => '* [[Anaheim, California|Anaheim]]: [[Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center|Anaheim Station]]<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=890054 Anaheim Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 50 => '* [[Compton, California|Compton]]: [[Compton station|Compton Station]]<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=892507 Compton Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 51 => '* [[East Los Angeles, California|East Los Angeles]]: Los Angeles Olympic Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=890116 Los Angeles Olympic, California]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref><!--If you search the address in Yahoo! maps, you find that the station is NOT in Los Angeles!-->', 52 => '* [[El Monte, California|El Monte]]', 53 => '**El Monte Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891044 El Monte Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 54 => '**El Monte AAU<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=890122 El Monte AAU]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 55 => '* [[Glendale, California|Glendale]]: Glendale Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891374 Glendale Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 56 => '* [[Lancaster, California|Lancaster]]: Lancaster Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891836 Lancaster Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 57 => '* [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]]: Long Beach Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891979 Long Beach Greyhound Station] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202003359/http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=891979 |date=2015-02-02 }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 58 => '* [[Palmdale, California|Palmdale]]: [[Palmdale Transportation Center]]', 59 => '* [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]]: Pasadena Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=892749 Pasadena Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 60 => '* [[Santa Ana, California|Santa Ana]]', 61 => '** Santa Ana Station<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=893410 Santa Ana Greyhound Station]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 62 => '** Santa Ana Main Street<ref>"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/terminal.asp?city=890121 Santa Ana Main Street, CA]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 63 => false, 64 => 'Greyhound Lines also services bus stops at:', 65 => '* [[Huntington Park, California|Huntington Park]]<ref name="CaliforniaListGreyhound">"[http://www.greyhound.com/home/TicketCenter/locations.asp?state=ca Locations: California]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=Thryduulf |fix-attempted=yes }}," ''[[Greyhound Lines]]''</ref>', 66 => '* Los Angeles: [[Union Station (Los Angeles)|Union Station]]<ref name="CaliforniaListGreyhound"/>', 67 => false, 68 => '===Harbors===', 69 => false, 70 => '[[Image:Vincent Thomas Bridge.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A view of the [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]] reaching Terminal Island.]]', 71 => false, 72 => 'The [[Port of Los Angeles]] is located in [[San Pedro Bay (California)|San Pedro Bay]] in the [[San Pedro, Los Angeles, California|San Pedro]] neighborhood, approximately {{Convert|20|mi||-1}} south of [[Downtown Los Angeles|Downtown]]. Also called '''''Los Angeles Harbor''''' and '''''WORLDPORT L.A.''''', the port complex occupies {{Convert|7500|acre|km2}} of land and water along {{Convert|43|mi|}} of waterfront. It adjoins the separate [[Port of Long Beach]].', 73 => false, 74 => 'The sea ports of the [[Port of Los Angeles]] and [[Port of Long Beach]] together make up the ''Los Angeles–Long Beach Harbor''. There are also smaller, non-industrial harbors along L.A.'s coastline. Most of these like [[Redondo Beach, California|Redondo Beach]] and [[Marina del Rey, California|Marina del Rey]] are used primarily by [[sailboat]]s and [[yacht]]s.', 75 => false, 76 => 'The [[Port of Los Angeles]] and [[Port of Long Beach]] comprise the largest seaport complex in the [[United States]] and the fifth busiest in the world. Over 11 percent of [[United States]] international trade (by value) passes through the [[Los Angeles]] region and it the [[Los Angeles]] customs district collects over 37 percent of the nation’s import duties.<ref>', 77 => '{{cite web', 78 => '|title = Southern California Regional Freight Study', 79 => '|author = Federal Highway Administration', 80 => '|url = http://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/freight_analysis/reg_ind_studies/so_cal_study.htm', 81 => '}}</ref>', 82 => false, 83 => 'The port includes four bridges: the [[Vincent Thomas Bridge]], [[Henry Ford Bridge]], [[Gerald Desmond Bridge]], and [[Commodore Schuyler F. Heim Bridge]].', 84 => false, 85 => '===Ferry services===', 86 => false, 87 => 'There are ferries serving the offshore island community of [[Avalon, California]]; they are mainly used for day excursions and to move supplies to [[Santa Catalina Island, California|Catalina Island]]. There is no regular vehicle ferry service to Avalon, since the city restricts the use of cars and trucks within its borders.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.cityofavalon.com/content/2542/2582/2586/default.aspx | title=City of Avalon - FAQ | accessdate=1 September 2011 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708160221/http://www.cityofavalon.com/content/2542/2582/2586/default.aspx | archivedate=8 July 2011 | df= }}</ref>', 88 => false, 89 => '==Intracity==', 90 => '[[Image:Harborfreeway2.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Rush hour on the [[Interstate 110 (California)|Harbor Freeway]] in downtown Los Angeles]]', 91 => '[[Image:Santamonicafreewaynearrobertson.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A traffic jam on the Santa Monica Freeway, near the Robertson Boulevard exit]]', 92 => '[[File:Los Angeles - Echangeur autoroute 110 105.JPG|thumb|right|framed|The [[Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange]], connecting the Century Freeway (I-105) and the Harbor Freeway (I-110).]]', 93 => false, 94 => '=== Freeways ===', 95 => '{{see also|Southern California freeways}}', 96 => 'There are a dozen major [[freeway]]s that crisscross the region. California's first freeway was the [[California State Route 110]], also known as the Pasadena Freeway or the Arroyo Seco Parkway. It opened on January 1, 1940 and links downtown Los Angeles to downtown Pasadena. From Chavez Ravine north to [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]] can be quite dangerous because there is no [[Hard shoulder|shoulder]], the lanes are narrow, the turns are sharp (and not always properly banked), and the ramps are quite short and offer little room for acceleration to freeway speed; all of this is because the freeway was designed for much slower cars of a different era and much less traffic volume than exists today.{{Original research inline|date=November 2007}} Commercial vehicles over {{Convert|6,000|lb|t LT|sp=us}} are prohibited from using this freeway. More recent freeways are straighter, wider, and allow for higher speeds.', 97 => false, 98 => 'Major freeways of Los Angeles include:', 99 => false, 100 => '*[[Image:California 2.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 2|Glendale Freeway]]', 101 => '*[[Image:I-5 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Image:US 101 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Santa Ana Freeway]]', 102 => '*[[Image:I-5 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Golden State Freeway]]', 103 => '*[[Image:I-10 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 10 (California)|Santa Monica Freeway/San Bernardino Freeway]]', 104 => '*[[Image:California 14.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 14|Antelope Valley Freeway]]', 105 => '*[[Image:California 47.svg|22px]] [[Image:I-710 (CA).svg|22px]] [[California State Route 47|Seaside Freeway]]', 106 => '*[[Image:California 60.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 60|Pomona Freeway]]', 107 => '*[[Image:California 90.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 90|Marina Freeway]]', 108 => '*[[Image:California 91.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 91|Gardena Freeway]]', 109 => '*[[Image:US 101 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Image:California 170.svg|22px]] [[Hollywood Freeway]]', 110 => '*[[Image:US 101 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Image:California 134.svg|22px]] [[Ventura Freeway]]', 111 => '*[[Image:California 103.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 103|Terminal Island Freeway]]', 112 => '*[[Image:I-105 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 105 (California)|Glenn M. Anderson Freeway/Century Freeway]]', 113 => '*[[Image:I-110 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Image:California 110.svg|22px]] [[Interstate 110 (California)|Harbor Freeway]]', 114 => '*[[Image:California 110.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 110|Arroyo Seco Parkway]]', 115 => '*[[Image:California 118.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 118|Ronald Reagan Freeway]]', 116 => '*[[Image:I-210 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 210 (California)|Foothill Freeway]]', 117 => '*[[Image:I-405 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 405 (California)|San Diego Freeway]]', 118 => '*[[Image:I-710 (CA).svg|22px]] [[Interstate 710 (California)|Long Beach Freeway]]', 119 => false, 120 => 'Major highways of Los Angeles include:', 121 => false, 122 => '*[[Image:California 1.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 1|Pacific Coast Highway/Lincoln Boulevard]]', 123 => '*[[Image:California 2.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 2|Santa Monica Boulevard]]', 124 => '*[[Image:California 23.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 23|Decker Canyon Road]]', 125 => '*[[Image:California 27.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 27|Topanga Canyon Boulevard]]', 126 => '*[[Image:California 47.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 47|Alameda Street]]', 127 => '*[[Image:California 90.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 90|Slauson Avenue]]', 128 => '*[[Image:California 170.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 170|Highland Avenue]]', 129 => '*[[Image:California 187.svg|22px]] [[California State Route 187|Venice Boulevard]]', 130 => false, 131 => '[[Angelenos]] are noted for referring to freeways with the definite article ("The 101"), in contrast to most other areas of the United States, who omit the article. Referring to freeways by name, for example "The San Diego Freeway", is essentially a holdover from the time when the freeways were built, and is diminishing. Nevertheless, freeways continue to be officially named, and the 118 was recently christened The Ronald Reagan Freeway.', 132 => false, 133 => '=== Rush hour ===', 134 => false, 135 => '[[Rush hour]] occurs on weekdays between 5 am and 10 am, and in the afternoon between 3 pm and 7 pm (although rush-hour traffic can occasionally spill out to 11 am and start again from 2:00 pm until as late as 10 pm, especially on Fridays). Traffic can occur at almost any time, particularly before major holidays (including [[Thanksgiving]], [[Christmas]], and three-day weekends) and even on regular weekends when one otherwise would not expect it. Experienced Angelenos know that they need to factor traffic into their commute.', 136 => false, 137 => 'Despite the congestion in the city, the mean travel time for commuters in Los Angeles is shorter than other major cities, including [[New York City]], [[Philadelphia]] and [[Chicago]]. Los Angeles' mean travel time for work commutes in 2006 was 29.2 minutes, similar to those of [[San Francisco]] and [[Washington, DC]].<ref name="ACS2006">', 138 => '{{cite web', 139 => ' |title = American Community Survey 2006, Table S0802', 140 => ' |publisher = [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]]', 141 => ' |url = http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DCGeoSelectServlet?ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_', 142 => ' |deadurl = yes', 143 => ' |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080916055045/http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DCGeoSelectServlet?ds_name=ACS_2006_EST_G00_', 144 => ' |archivedate = 2008-09-16', 145 => ' |df = ', 146 => '}}</ref>', 147 => false, 148 => 'Los Angeles has synchronized its traffic lights. <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/02/us/to-fight-gridlock-los-angeles-synchronizes-every-red-light.html|title=To Fight Gridlock, Los Angeles Synchronizes Every Red Light|last=Lovett|first=Ian|date=2013-04-01|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-12-21|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/la-stoplights-synchronized-to-improve-traffic/|title=L.A. stoplights synchronized to improve traffic|last=|first=|date=May 25, 2013|work=CBS News|access-date=2017-12-21|language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.msn.com/us/los-angeles-syncs-up-all-4500-of-its-traffic-lights|title=Los Angeles syncs up all 4,500 of its traffic lights|last=Epstein|first=Eli|date=April 2, 2013|website=MSN News|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313190831/http://news.msn.com/us/los-angeles-syncs-up-all-4500-of-its-traffic-lights|archive-date=March 13, 2014|dead-url=yes|access-date=2017-12-21}}</ref>', 149 => false, 150 => '===Streets, street layout, the boulevards, and street problems===', 151 => 'The city has an extensive street grid. [[Arterial road|Arterial streets]] (referred to as ''surface streets'' by locals, in contrast with freeways which are usually grade-separated roadways) connect freeways with smaller neighborhood streets, and are often used to bypass congested freeway routes. Consequently, most of the surface arterial streets in Los Angeles have various forms of congestion control.', 152 => false, 153 => 'Some of the more common means of maintaining surface street traffic flow is the use of loop-sensors embedded in the pavement allowing for intersection traffic signal timing adjustments to favor the more heavily delayed roadways; the use of a traffic control system allows for the synchronization of traffic signals to improve traffic flow (as of October 2009 this system is currently installed at 85% of the city's signalized intersections, more than any other US city); restrictions on vehicle turns on roadways without designated turning lanes during rush-hours; and the extensive use of rush-hour parking restrictions, allowing for an extra lane of travel in each direction during peak hours (weekdays excluding holidays generally from 7-9am thru 4-7pm, although hours vary by location) by eliminating on street parking and standing of vehicles, with violators being ticketed, and in the case of priority routes known as "anti-gridlock zones", immediately towed by specialized enforcement teams dubbed "tiger teams" at steep cost to the violator.', 154 => false, 155 => '1st Street divides the block numbering grid north and south, and southwest of the Los Angeles River, Main Street divides the city east and west. Northeast of the river, block designations are divided east and west by Pasadena Avenue and N Figueroa Street.', 156 => false, 157 => 'From downtown Los Angeles to Long Beach, in a straight-down vertical pattern, east&ndash;west streets are numbered (starting with 1st Street in downtown, to 266th Street in [[Harbor City, Los Angeles, California|Harbor City]]), and north&ndash;south streets are named. (1st St. is one block south of Temple.) There are many exceptions to the numbered streets, but the above pattern is generally used. This same numbered pattern is not mirrored north of Temple. Addresses are then numbered East or West stemming from Main St (a major north south artery). Therefore, the landmark Watts Towers at 1765 E. 107th St. is approximately 107 streets south of 1st Street, and on the 17th street east of Main St. Although the numbered streets are sequential, they do not necessarily equal the number of blocks south of 1st Street, as there are streets such as 118th St. and then 118th Place.', 158 => false, 159 => 'Many of the numbered streets also continue into neighboring cities; but some cities, such as Manhattan Beach, have made their own numbered street grid. Also, some districts of Los Angeles, such as Wilmington, San Pedro, and Venice, have their own numbered street grids.', 160 => false, 161 => 'Many arterials have been labeled as [[boulevard]]s, and many of those mentioned below have been immortalized in movies, music, and literature.', 162 => false, 163 => 'Major east&ndash;west routes include: [[Victory Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Victory]], [[Ventura Boulevard|Ventura]], [[Hollywood Boulevard|Hollywood]], [[Sunset Boulevard|Sunset]], [[Santa Monica Boulevard|Santa Monica]], [[Beverly Boulevard|Beverly]], [[Wilshire Boulevard|Wilshire]], [[Olympic Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Olympic]], [[Pico Boulevard|Pico]], [[Venice Boulevard|Venice]], [[Washington Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Washington]], [[Adams Boulevard|Adams]], [[Jefferson Boulevard|Jefferson]], [[Exposition Boulevard|Exposition]] and [[Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard (Los Angeles)|Martin Luther King Jr]]. The major north&ndash;south routes include: [[Topanga Canyon Boulevard|Topanga Canyon]], [[Crenshaw Boulevard|Crenshaw]], [[Reseda Boulevard|Reseda]], [[Lincoln Boulevard (Southern California)|Lincoln]], [[Sepulveda Boulevard|Sepulveda]], [[Van Nuys Boulevard|Van Nuys]], [[Westwood Boulevard|Westwood]], [[Beverly Glen Boulevard|Beverly Glen]], [[San Vicente Boulevard|San Vicente]], [[Robertson Boulevard|Robertson]], [[La Cienega Boulevard|La Cienega]], [[Laurel Canyon Boulevard|Laurel Canyon]], [[Glendale Boulevard|Glendale]], and [[Avalon Boulevard|Avalon]].', 164 => false, 165 => 'There are many other famous L.A. streets which carry significant traffic but are not labeled as boulevards. Examples include: [[Broadway (Los Angeles)|Broadway]], [[Bundy Drive]], [[Barrington Avenue]], [[Centinela Avenue]], [[Fountain Avenue]], [[Mulholland Drive]], [[Slauson Avenue]], [[Pacific Coast Highway (US)|Pacific Coast Highway]], [[Century Park East]], [[Avenue of the Stars, Century City|Avenue of the Stars]], [[Normandie Avenue]], [[Highland Avenue (Los Angeles)|Highland Avenue]], [[Melrose Avenue]], [[Florence Avenue]], [[Vermont Avenue]], [[La Brea Avenue]], [[Fairfax Avenue]], [[Western Avenue (Los Angeles)|Western Avenue]], [[Figueroa Street]], [[Grand Avenue (Los Angeles)|Grand Avenue]], Huntington Drive, [[Central Avenue, Los Angeles, California|Central Avenue]], and [[Alameda Street]]. West Los Angeles has many streets named after states that run east and west. Somewhat confusingly, adjacent Santa Monica uses a few of the same state names for different streets of its own.', 166 => false, 167 => '[[Pothole]]s are a notorious problem in Los Angeles and frequently cause severe damage to all kinds of vehicles. Mayor [[Antonio Villaraigosa]] made "Operation Pothole" one of his top priorities in 2008 and pledged to fill 1 million potholes.<ref>Melissa MacBride, [http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news/local&id=6025215 "Pothole milestone: Mayor repairs 800,000,"] ''ABC7 Eyewitness News'', 17 March 2008.</ref> However, due to the city's poorly managed budget, the city's Bureau of Street Services has only a single dedicated pothole-repair truck to cover {{Convert|275|mi||-1}} of streets (meaning that the backlog is still bad and getting worse).<ref name="laweekly">Steven Leigh Morris, [http://www.laweekly.com/2008-09-11/news/l-a-metro-buses-hammered-by-potholes-on-aging-wilshire-boulevard/ "L.A. Metro Buses Hammered By Potholes on Aging Wilshire Boulevard,"] ''LA Weekly'', 5 September 2008.</ref> Many city streets, such as [[Wilshire Boulevard]], were engineered when cars, trucks, and buses were much smaller, and desperately need to be torn up and rebuilt from scratch to handle the weight of today's larger vehicles.<ref name="laweekly" />', 168 => false, 169 => 'Furthermore, due to its severe budget problems, Los Angeles is one of the few California cities that does not use [[raised pavement marker]]s on its streets. Thus, Los Angeles drivers must be vigilant not only for potholes, but for other drivers drifting out of lanes due to the lack of tactile feedback normally provided by such markers.', 170 => false, 171 => '=== On foot ===', 172 => '[[Image:052607-008-3StP-facing-SMP.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Pedestrians walking on the Third Street Promenade in Santa Monica]]', 173 => 'Despite the assertion of a popular song that [[Spring Session M|"nobody walks in L.A."]],<ref>"You won't see a cop walkin' on the beat / You only see 'em drivin' cars out on the street / You won't see a kid walkin' home from school / Their mothers pick 'em up in a car pool / Nobody's walkin' walkin' walkin' walkin&mdash;nobody walks in LA''" [[Missing Persons (band)|Missing Persons]], "Walking in LA"</ref> 3.5% of Los Angeles residents commuted to work by walking in 2016<ref name=ACS2016>{{cite web|publisher=Census Reporter|title=Means of Transportation to Work by Age|accessdate=May 6, 2018|url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B08101&geo_ids=16000US0644000&primary_geo_id=16000US0644000}}</ref> and Los Angeles residents walk for exercise at rates similar to those of other major U.S. cities.<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/pdf/MSA_2000_walking.pdf CDC Walking for Exercise Prevalence Statistics 2000]</ref>{{failed verification|date=May 2018|Data is nearly 20 years old, article on LA (city) is supported with data on LA (PMSA), questionable relevance, highly synthetic claim.}}', 174 => false, 175 => 'There are a number of commercial areas in nearby cities that have been redeveloped in the past two decades specifically to accommodate [[pedestrian]] traffic. [[Old Town Pasadena]] was redeveloped in the late 1980s by moving parking off [[Colorado Boulevard]] so as to make the street pedestrian-focused. Likewise, the [[Third Street Promenade]] in [[Santa Monica, California|Santa Monica]] was closed off to vehicular traffic altogether in 1965 and revitalized with improved pedestrian amenities in 1988.<ref>[http://thirdstreetpromenade.org/about/history.html History of Third Street Promenade] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080709000144/http://thirdstreetpromenade.org/about/history.html |date=2008-07-09 }}</ref>', 176 => false, 177 => '[[Downtown Los Angeles]] has numerous public [[escalator]]s and [[skyway]]s, such as the [[Bunker Hill, Los Angeles, California|Bunker Hill]] steps<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.laconservancy.org/locations/bunker-hill-steps|title=Bunker Hill Steps|last=|first=|date=|website=Los Angeles Conservancy|language=en|access-date=2017-12-21}}</ref> to facilitate pedestrian traffic in the traffic-laden and hilly terrain. Downtown Los Angeles is one of two neighborhoods in Los Angeles ranked as a "walker's paradise" (with walk scores 90 or above) by [[Walkscore]]. The other is Mid-City West, which encompasses the area of the city immediately south of [[West Hollywood]] and east of [[Beverly Hills]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://walkscore.com/rankings/Los_Angeles |publisher=Walkscore |title=Living in Los Angeles|accessdate=5 April 2015}}</ref>', 178 => ' ', 179 => 'Nevertheless, much of Los Angeles remains pedestrian unfriendly. A large percentage of [[sidewalk]]s in the City of Los Angeles (43% or {{convert|4600|mi|km}} of the {{convert|10600|mi|km|adj=pre| total}}) are in ill repair stemming from the [[Los Angeles City Council|City Council]] decision in 1973 to use the federal money they had to take over the responsibility from the adjacent property owners. Previously they had conformed to California law which puts the responsibility for repair of sidewalks on the property owners. As certain popular species of trees accelerated the damage caused by [[root]]s, council failed to concurrently allocate funds for continuing city repairs of such sidewalks. Voters will unwilling to approve funding repairs with a tax or a bond measure. The city again began dedicating funds for sidewalk repairs in 2000 but defunded the program during the [[2008 financial crisis]].<ref>Zahniser, David (February 21, 2008) [http://articles.latimes.com/2008/feb/21/local/me-sidewalk21 "City to pass the bucks on sidewalks?"] ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''</ref> In 2015, the city agreed to a landmark legal settlement that would fix the backlog of broken sidewalks and make other improvements to help those with disabilities navigate the city. The biggest agreement of its kind in U.S. history would settle a lawsuit on behalf of people in wheelchairs or others with mobility impairments who argued that crumbling, impassable sidewalks and other barriers were a violation of the [[Americans With Disabilities Act]] since they were prevented from accessing public pathways.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-lawsuit-broken-sidewalks-20150331-story.html|title=L.A. agrees to spend $1.3 billion to fix sidewalks in ADA case|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 1, 2015|first=Emily Alpert |last=Reyes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://las-elc.org/news/willits-v-city-los-angeles-sidewalk-settlement-announced|title=Willits v. City of Los Angeles Sidewalk Settlement Announced|publisher=Legal Aid Society–Employment Law Center|accessdate=5 April 2015|date=April 1, 2015}}</ref>', 180 => false, 181 => '=== Bicycle travel ===', 182 => '{{main article|Cycling in Los Angeles}}', 183 => false, 184 => 'Bicycling accounts for approximately 1% of Los Angeles commuting and has almost doubled in the last ten years. People in Los Angeles commute to work by bicycle about twice as frequently as the US average<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2014/cb14-r04.html|title=1.0 percent of Workers Commute by Bike in Los Angeles|first=US Census|last=Bureau|publisher=}}</ref> There are extended stretches of bicycle paths such as the [[Los Angeles River bicycle path]], which runs from Burbank to Long Beach, with only a brief hiatus through downtown.', 185 => false, 186 => '=== Mass transit ===', 187 => '[[Image:Foothill Transit NABI 60-BRT articulated bus.jpg|thumb|right|300px|[[Foothill Transit]] [[Silver Streak (bus)|Silver Streak]] bus in front of the [[Walt Disney Concert Hall]] in [[Downtown Los Angeles]]]]', 188 => 'The primary regional [[public transport]]ation agency is the [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] (LACMTA), commonly referred to as Metro or MTA. The agency, which operates bus, light rail and subway services, averages 1.2 million transit trips per weekday,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://isotp.metro.net/MetroRidership/IndexSys.aspx|title=Metro Ridership|website=isotp.metro.net|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref> making it the third largest transit agency in the United States. Other municipal transportation agencies in Los Angeles County ([[LADOT]], [[Long Beach Transit]], [[Montebello Bus Lines]], [[Norwalk Transit (California)|Norwalk Transit]], Redondo Beach, [[Santa Monica]]'s [[Big Blue Bus]], [[Santa Clarita Transit]], [[Torrance Transit]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.boothkoskoff.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/todd.pdf |title=Negligence: Broken manhole cover causes accident |date=17 September 2001 |publisher=Tri-Service}}</ref> and [[Foothill Transit]]) have an additional 405,000 average weekday boardings.<ref name="APTA">', 189 => '{{cite web', 190 => '|title = Transit Ridership Report', 191 => '|author = American Public Transportation Association', 192 => '|url = http://www.apta.com/research/stats/ridership', 193 => '|date = 1Q 2008', 194 => '|access-date =23 July 2008', 195 => '|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080403063206/http://www.apta.com/research/stats/ridership |archive-date = 3 April 2008}}</ref>', 196 => false, 197 => 'In February 2008, LACMTA introduced a new universal fare system called 'TAP' which stands for [[Transit Access Pass]]. The TAP smart card allows bus and rail passengers to tap their cards on the farebox for faster boarding. TAP readers are installed on bus fareboxes and on turnstiles and standalone validators at rail stations. Because not all Metro Rail stations have turnstiles, it operates on a [[proof-of-payment]] system: as such, Metro's fare inspectors randomly check to make sure TAP users have validated their card by using a wireless handheld unit. TAP is now accepted on a number of different transit systems in Los Angeles County.', 198 => false, 199 => '====Buses====', 200 => 'The extensive bus system operated by LACMTA includes the [[Metro Local]], [[Metro Rapid]], and [[Metro Express (Los Angeles County)|Metro Express]] services. Local buses tend to be orange, rapid buses red, and express buses blue. Rapid bus route numbers usually begin with a 7 and express bus numbers begin with a 9. The buses have an estimated 1.3 million boardings on the weekdays.<ref name="LACMTA Facts">', 201 => '{{cite web', 202 => '|url=http://www.metro.net/news_info/facts.htm', 203 => '|title=Facts at a Glance', 204 => '|publisher=[[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority|LACMTA]]', 205 => '|date=11 July 2008 |accessdate=17 July 2008', 206 => '}}</ref> Including other municipal bus operators, Los Angeles County averages 1.7 million bus boardings per weekday,<ref name="APTA"/> accounting for approximately 5.9% of the 29 million daily trips originating in Los Angeles County.<ref name="LRTP">', 207 => '{{cite web', 208 => ' |url = http://www.metro.net/projects_studies/images/2008_lrtp_techdoc.pdf', 209 => ' |title = 2008 Long Range Transportation Plan Technical Document', 210 => ' |publisher = [[Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority|LACMTA]]', 211 => ' |accessdate = 17 July 2008', 212 => ' |deadurl = yes', 213 => ' |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20081204033632/http://www.metro.net/projects_studies/images/2008_lrtp_techdoc.pdf', 214 => ' |archivedate = 4 December 2008', 215 => ' |df = ', 216 => '}}</ref>', 217 => false, 218 => 'LACMTA has two [[bus rapid transit]] lines: the [[Orange Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Orange Line]] and the [[Silver Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Silver Line]]. The Orange Line runs from [[Warner Center (San Fernando Valley)|Warner Center/Woodland Hills]] to the [[North Hollywood (LACMTA Station)|North Hollywood]] [[Red Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Red Line]] station, began operations on October 29, 2005. For 13 of its {{convert|14|mi|km|adj=on}} stretch (21&nbsp;km of its 22.5&nbsp;km stretch), the {{convert|60|ft|m|adj=on}} articulated buses, built by [[North American Bus Industries]] and dubbed ''Metro Liners'', operate on bus-only lanes that follow an old railroad [[Right-of-way (railroad)|right-of-way]]. Portions of the route parallel Chandler and Victory Boulevards, and Oxnard Street.', 219 => false, 220 => 'The Silver Line travels {{Convert|26|mi|}} along [[Interstate 10 in California|Interstate 10]] and [[Interstate 110 in California|Interstate 110]] between [[El Monte Station]] and the [[Harbor Gateway Transit Center]].', 221 => false, 222 => 'Foothill Transit also operates a bus rapid transit system called the [[Silver Streak (bus)|Silver Streak]], which runs from [[Montclair, California|Montclair]] to [[Downtown Los Angeles]] along the [[El Monte Busway]] on Interstate 10.', 223 => false, 224 => 'Other bus systems:', 225 => '* [[Culver CityBus]] - green (local) and grey (rapid)', 226 => '* [[Santa Monica]]'s [[Big Blue Bus]]', 227 => '* [[Montebello Bus Lines]]', 228 => '* Numerous other municipal bus systems', 229 => false, 230 => '====Metro Rail====', 231 => '{{main article|Los Angeles Metro Rail}}', 232 => '[[Image:Los Angeles County Metro Rail and Metro Liner map.svg|thumb|right|300px|Map of Metro rail, subway, and BRT systems.]]', 233 => false, 234 => '[[Image:WestsideMetro.svg|thumb|300px|Map of Westside Metro rail system including lines under construction (Exposition line in Aqua has been completed)]]', 235 => 'Between its [[light rail]] and [[heavy rail]] systems, Metro Rail has {{convert|83|mi|km}} of rail, averaging 308,653 trips per weekday,<ref name="LACMTA Facts"/> and accounting for approximately 1.1% of the 29 million daily trips originating in Los Angeles County.<ref name="LRTP"/> The network includes four above-ground [[light rail]] lines ([[Gold Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Gold Line]], [[Expo Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Expo Line]], [[Blue Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Blue Line]], and [[Green Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Green Line]]) and one underground [[rapid transit|subway]] with two branches ([[Red Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Red Line]] and [[Purple Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Purple Line]]). Ranked by daily ridership, the Los Angeles subway ranked as the [[List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership|ninth-busiest]] rapid transit system in the United States. Ranked by passengers per route mile, however, the system ranks [[List of United States rapid transit systems by ridership|sixth]], transporting 8,846 passengers per route mile,<ref name="LACMTA Facts"/> more than San Francisco's [[Bay Area Rapid Transit]] or the [[Chicago 'L']].', 236 => false, 237 => 'The Los Angeles Metro Rail system connects disperse areas of the county including [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]], [[Pasadena, California|Pasadena]], [[Norwalk, California|Norwalk]], [[El Segundo, California|El Segundo]], [[North Hollywood]], and [[Downtown Los Angeles]]. The [[Expo Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Expo Line]]'s first phase from Downtown Los Angeles to [[Culver City]] opened April 28, 2012. In June 2010, construction extending the Gold Line from Pasadena to [[Azusa, CA|Azusa]] began. There are several additional rail expansion projects currently under study. The timing of their construction will depend on the availability of funding. These projects include:', 238 => '* [[Crenshaw/LAX Line]], that will run through the [[Crenshaw, Los Angeles|Crenshaw district]] and [[Inglewood, California|City of Inglewood]] to [[LAX]] (now under construction)', 239 => '* Connection of the Green Line and Crenshaw/LAX Line to [[LAX]] through a people mover.', 240 => '*[[Regional Connector (Los Angeles Metro)|Regional Connector]] in Downtown Los Angeles, connecting the Expo, Blue, and Gold lines (now under construction).', 241 => '* Further extensions of the Gold Line from Azusa to [[Ontario Airport]] and [[East Los Angeles, CA|East Los Angeles]] to [[Whittier, CA|Whittier]]', 242 => '* Westward extension of the Purple Line subway to Westwood, UCLA and possible connection to the Red Line through [[West Hollywood]] and [[Beverly Hills]] (now under construction).', 243 => false, 244 => '====Commuter Rail====', 245 => 'Also serving Los Angeles and several surrounding counties is [[Metrolink (Southern California)|Metrolink]], a regional [[commuter rail]] service. Metrolink averages 42,600 trips per weekday, the busiest line being the San Bernardino line.<ref name="APTA"/>', 246 => false, 247 => '====Los Angeles Public Transportation Statistics====', 248 => 'The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Los Angeles, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 86 min. 31% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 20 min, while 38% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip with public transit is {{Convert|11.1|km||abbr=on|sp=us}}, while 30% travel for over {{Convert|12|km||abbr=on|sp=us}} in a single direction. <ref>{{cite web|title=Los Angeles Public Transportation Statistics|publisher= Global Public Transit Index by Moovit|url=https://moovitapp.com/insights/en/Moovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_USA_Los_Angeles_CA-302|accessdate=June 19, 2017}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].</ref>', 249 => false, 250 => '=== Taxi Companies ===', 251 => '{{Main articles|Taxicabs of the United States}}', 252 => 'Taxis in Los Angeles are regulated by the Board of Taxicab Commissioners. There are nine taxi companies in Los Angeles that operate more than 2300 taxis. Some of the largest Taxi companies in Los Angeles are [http://layellowcab.com LA Yellow Cab], Bell Cab and United Independent Taxi. Recently Taxi Applications have emerged in order to provide users with on demand rides with lower wait times. [http://rideyellow.com/cities/los-angeles-area/taxi-los-angeles/ RideYellow], Curb and Flywheel are three of the largest taxi apps providing taxi service in Los Angeles.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newyorker.com/business/currency/city-los-angeles-plans-make-taxis-like-uber|title=How Los Angeles’s Taxi Boss Plans to Take on Uber|work=[[The New Yorker]]|first= Maria |last=Bustillos |date=December 12, 2014|access-date=24 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/09/28/54649/falling-behind-uber-and-lyft-some-l-a-taxi-drivers/|title=More than 100 LA taxi drivers vote to join national union|work=[[KPCC]]|first=Brian |last=Watt |date= September 28, 2015|access-date=24 May 2017}}</ref>', 253 => false, 254 => '=== Transportation Network Companies ===', 255 => '{{main article|Transportation network company}}', 256 => false, 257 => 'Transportation Network Companies arrange one-time rides on very short notice. These companies use smartphones and GPS technology to allow travelers to request a ride from wherever they happen to be, to the place they want to go. Drivers have passed background checks and their cars have also passed thorough inspections.<ref>{{cite web | title=DECISION ADOPTING RULES AND REGULATIONS TO PROTECT PUBLIC SAFETY WHILE ALLOWING NEW ENTRANTS TO THE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY | url=http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M077/K112/77112285.PDF | publisher=[[California Public Utilities Commission]] | date=December 20, 2012}}</ref> [[Uber]], and [[Lyft]] are the two largest companies in Los Angeles.', 258 => false, 259 => '==Commuting==', 260 => '[[Image:USCommutePatterns2006.png|400px|right|frameless]]', 261 => 'In 2006, of the 4,423,725 workers aged 16 or older in Los Angeles County, 72.0% commuted to work [[driving]] alone, 11.9% commuted by driving in a [[carpool]] and 7.0% commuted on [[public transport]]ation. 64.9% of public transportation commuters were non-white, 70.2% were [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] and 67.6% were foreign born. 75.5% of public transportation commuters earned less than $25,000. However, only 32.7% of public transportation commuters had no [[automobile|vehicle]] available to them for their commute.<ref name="ACS2006"/>', 262 => false, 263 => 'In the same year, for the City of Los Angeles, of the 1,721,778 workers aged 16 or older, 63.3% commuted to work driving alone, 11.5% commuted by driving in a carpool, 11.0% commuted by public transportation, and 3.4% walked. The percentage of population using public transport in Los Angeles is lower than other large U.S. cities such as [[Chicago]] and [[New York City|New York]], but similar to or higher than other western U.S. cities such as [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]] and [[Denver, CO|Denver]]. 63.8% of public transportation commuters in the City of Los Angeles in 2006 were non-white, 75.1% were Hispanic and 73.9% were foreign born. 79.4% of public transportation commuters earned less than $25,000 and 37.6% had no vehicle available to them for their commute.<ref name="ACS2006"/>', 264 => false, 265 => 'Since 2006, driving alone increased at the expense of carpooling and public transportation. According to the 2016 American Community Survey, 69.7% of working Los Angeles (city) residents commuted by driving alone, 8.7% carpooled, 9.2% used public transportation, and 3.5% walked. About 2.8% commuted by all other means, including taxi, bicycle, and motorcycle. About 6.1% worked at home.<ref name=ACS2016/>', 266 => false, 267 => '==Problems==', 268 => '{{see also|Smog#Los Angeles and the San Joaquin Valley}}', 269 => 'Los Angeles is strongly predisposed to accumulation of [[smog]], because of peculiarities of its geography and weather patterns. The millions of vehicles in the area combined with the additional effects of the [[Los Angeles Port|Los Angeles]]/[[Long Beach Port|Long Beach]] complex frequently contribute to further [[air pollution]]. Though Los Angeles was one of the best known cities suffering from transportation smog for much of the 20th century, so much so that it was sometimes said that ''Los Angeles'' was a synonym for ''smog'',<ref>{{cite book|title=The Economics and Politics of the Slowdown in Regulatory Reform|author=Roger G. Noll|year=1999}}</ref> In particular, the entire area in between Los Angeles Harbor to [[Riverside County, California|Riverside]] has become known as the "Diesel Death Zone".<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://discovermagazine.com/2013/julyaug/19-californias-air-pollution-causes-asthma-allergies-and-premature-births|title=California's Air Pollution Causes Asthma, Allergies and Premature Births {{!}} DiscoverMagazine.com|newspaper=Discover Magazine|access-date=2017-02-22}}</ref>', 270 => false, 271 => 'Despite [[LAX]] being one of the largest airports in the world by passenger volume, LAX lacks a direct rail connection to terminals, though funding has been identified for an extension of the [[Green Line (Los Angeles Metro)|Green Line light rail]] to the airport using sales tax monies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metro.net/measurer/images/expenditure_plan.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2011-04-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110509085849/http://www.metro.net/measurer/images/expenditure_plan.pdf |archivedate=2011-05-09 |df= }} Measure R Sales Tax Expenditure Plan</ref> There are no plans for a direct air-to-rail transfer station for the [[California High Speed Rail]] to alleviate any of the commuter jet problems linking LAX to outlying areas such as San Diego, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, and Fresno.{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}', 272 => false, 273 => '===First/Last Mile===', 274 => 'In the modern transportation sector, the [[Last mile (transportation)|last mile]] refers to the way in which people get from the high capacity transportation hubs to their final destinations such as their home or workplace. This last mile can be a problem to commuters because public transportation systems do not take them to their exact destination; from the transportation hub, people usually have to walk to their destination for the “last mile,” which can be time consuming and inconvenient <ref>Stigo, [https://medium.com/the-stigo-blog/the-last-mile-the-term-the-problem-and-the-odd-solutions-28b6969d5af8 "The Last Mile - the term, the problem and the odd solutions"], ''medium.com'', 04-Oct-2017</ref>. This logic also applies to the first mile problem, since from the starting point of travel, people have to walk equal distance as the last mile to get to the nearest transportation hub. To avoid walking, urban dwellers may find owning a car a remedy to this problem; however, if everyone drives to his or her destination instead of taking public transportation, the congestion in an urban area can become worse and the benefit of the public transportation infrastructure is lost. ', 275 => false, 276 => '=== Congestion ===', 277 => '[[Traffic congestion]] happens due to high roadway demand, where the number of automobiles that try to pass through a road section exceeds the road’s capacity, causing the slowdown in traffic flow. Traffic congestion can also be a result of poor transport infrastructure, road construction or traffic accidents. Traffic congestion negatively affects society’s productivity. Traffic congestions cost EU 1% of its GDP, whereas an Urban Mobility report revealed that the U.S. lost 160 million dollars due to delay and fuel costs in 2014 <ref>{{cite article|title=Urban, Planning and Transport Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 83–100|author=J. N. Bajpai|year=2016}}</ref>.', 278 => false, 279 => '=== Accidents ===', 280 => '[[Traffic accident]] happens when a vehicle crashes due to malfunction, driver error, faulty road design, weather conditions, or a combination of these factors. The vehicle and its owner involved in a traffic accident usually collide with other vehicles, people, animal or stationary obstacles and can result in [[property damage]], injury and even death. The majority accidents are caused by human errors. In the U.S., traffic accidents caused 32,700 fatalities in 2013, and driver errors are responsible for 90% of the crashes. In that same year, the [[World Health Organization]] estimated the annual fatalities worldwide due to car accident to be as many as 1.24 million <ref>{{cite article|title=Urban, Planning and Transport Research, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 83–100|author=J. N. Bajpai|year=2016}}</ref>.', 281 => false, 282 => '==See also==', 283 => '*[[Asbury Rapid Transit System]]', 284 => '*[[Freeway system of Los Angeles]]', 285 => '*[[Great American Streetcar Scandal]]', 286 => '*[[List of current Metro Local bus routes]]', 287 => '*[[Transportation in Greater Los Angeles]]', 288 => false, 289 => '==References==', 290 => '{{reflist|2}}', 291 => false, 292 => '==External links==', 293 => '* [http://www.ulwaf.com/LA-1900s/SpecialReports/Streets.html#Romeo City streets that existed in 1903-04 but are no longer extant]', 294 => false, 295 => '{{Los Angeles}}', 296 => '{{LA Mass Transit}}', 297 => false, 298 => '{{DEFAULTSORT:Transportation In Los Angeles}}', 299 => '[[Category:Transportation in Los Angeles| ]]', 300 => '[[Category:Transportation in Southern California|Los Angeles]]', 301 => '[[Category:Transportation in the United States by city|Los Angeles, California]]' ]