Black conservatism in the United States

Beliefs

One of the main characteristics of black conservatism is its emphasis on personal choice and responsibilities above socioeconomic status and institutional racism.^[3][4]

Black conservatives typically support do-for-self, self reliance, and personal responsibility. Black conservatives tend to be self-critical of aspects of African-American culture that they believe have created poverty and dependency.^[5] John McWhorter's 2000 book Losing the Race: Self-Sabotage in Black America and Bill Cosby's 2004 "Pound Cake speech" exemplified this critique, though their authors did not strictly come from the black conservative movement.

A 2007 Pew Research Center survey showed that 19% of blacks identified as Religious Right.^[6] In 2004, though, the Pew Research Center indicated only 7% of blacks identified as Republican.^[7]

A National Election Pool poll showed that support for California Proposition 8 (2008) (a state constitutional amendment defining marriage as an opposite-sex union) was strong among African-American voters; 70% of those interviewed in the exit poll—a higher percentage than any other racial group—stated that they voted in favor of Proposition 8.^[8] Polls by both the Associated Press and CNN mirrored this data, reporting support among black voters to be at 70%^[9] and 75%,^[10] respectively. African-American support was considered crucial to the Proposition's passage because African Americans made up an unusually large percentage of voters in 2008; the presence of African-American presidential candidate Barack Obama on the ballot was believed to have increased African-American voter turnout.^[11]

Historical basis

From Reconstruction up until the New Deal, the black population tended to vote Republican. During that period, the Republican Party—particularly in the Southern United States—was seen as more racially progressive than the Democratic Party, primarily because of the role of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party as the party of racial segregation and the Republican Party's roots in the abolitionist movement (see Dixiecrats).

Blacks started to shift in significant numbers to the Democrats with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt^[12] and continued with the election of John F. Kennedy. Among Truman Administration officials, the publication of Henry Lee Moon's Balance of Power spurred Democratic partisan support for African-American constituencies.^[13] This shift was also influenced by Herbert Hoover's practice of firing loyal African-Americans from positions within the Republican Party, in order to increase his appeal to Southern white voters.^[14] This can be considered an early example of a set of Republican Party methods that were later termed the Southern Strategy.^{[15][better source needed]}

Alabama

• Kenneth Paschal – Alabama State Representative (2021–present)^[18]
• Juan Chastang – Mobile County Commissioner (2005–2008)^[19]

Alaska

• David S. Wilson – Alaska State Senator (2017–present)
• Stanley Wright - Alaska State Assemblyman (2023-present)
• Sharon Jackson – Alaska State Assemblywoman (2018–2021)^[20]
• Walt Furnace – Alaska State Assemblyman (1983–1991)
• Selwyn Carrol – Alaska State Assemblyman (1973–1975)

Arizona

• David Marshall – Arizona State Representative (2023-present)
• Jerone Davison – U.S. House candidate (2022) and Oakland Raiders football player
• Walter Blackman – Arizona State Representative (2019–2023; 2025-present) and U.S. House candidate (2022)

Arkansas

• Joseph K. Wood - Chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party (2023-present)

California

• Kevin Lincoln – Mayor of Stockton (2021-present)
• Larry Elder^[21] – Governor of California nominee (2021)
• Rosey Grier – Governor of California candidate (2018) and New York Giants football player.
• Damon Dunn – California Secretary of State nominee (2010) and Dallas Cowboys football player
• H. Abram Wilson – Mayor of San Ramon (2002–2007)
• Ward Connerly – University of California Regent (1993–2005)

Connecticut

• Aundre Bumgardner – Connecticut State Representative (2015–2017)
• George Logan – Connecticut State Senator (2017–2021) and U.S. House nominee (2022)

Delaware

• Donald Blakey – Delaware State Representative (2007–2015)

Florida

• Renatha Francis – Justice of the Supreme Court of Florida (2022-present)
• Corey Simon – Florida State Senator (2022-present) and Indianapolis Colts football player.
• Berny Jacques - Florida State Representative (2022-present)
• Kiyan Michael - Florida State Representative (2022-present)
• Webster Barnaby – Florida State Representative (2021–present)
• Mike Hill – Florida State Representative (2019–2021 and 2013–2017)
• Peter Boulware – Florida House of Representatives nominee (2008) and Baltimore Ravens football player^[22]

Georgia

• Mesha Mainor - Georgia State Representative (2021-present; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in July 2023)
• Herschel Walker – U.S. Senate nominee (2022) and Dallas Cowboys football player
• Larry Rivers – Commissioner of Chatham County (2021–2023) and Harlem Globetrotters basketballer
• Melvin Everson – Georgia State Representative (2005–2011)
• Willie Talton – Georgia State Representative (2005–2015)
• Harold Melton – Associate Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2005–2018) and Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court (2018–2021)
• Vernon Jones – Georgia State Representative (1993–2001 and 2017–2021; previously a Democrat, switched to Republican in January 2021)

Hawaii

• Kenji Price - United States Attorney for the District of Hawaii (2018-2021)

Illinois

• Richard Irvin – Mayor of Aurora (2017–present)
• Erika Harold – Illinois Attorney General nominee (2018), U.S. House candidate (2012/2014) and Miss America (2003)
• John D. Anthony – Illinois State Representative (2013–2016)

Indiana

• Roger Brown – Indianapolis City Councillor (1993-1997) and Indiana Pacers basketball player

Iowa

• Eddie Andrews – Iowa State Representative (2021–present)

Kansas

• Patrick Penn – Kansas State Representative (2021-present)
• Tony Barton – Kansas State Representative (2015–2017)
• Willie Dove – Kansas State Representative (2013–2021)
• George W. Haley ^{[citation needed]} – Kansas State Senator (1964–1968)
• Edwin Sexton – Kansas State Senator (1964-1965)

Kentucky

• Donald Douglas – Kentucky State Senator (2021–present)

Louisiana

• Elbert Guillory – Louisiana State Senator (2009–2015) and Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana candidate (2015 and 2023)
• Ezola Foster, Reform Party Vice Presidential candidate of Pat Buchanan in the 2000 race against Al Gore and George W. Bush

Maryland

• Brenda J. Thiam – Maryland State Delegate (2020–2023)
• Kimberly Klacik – U.S. House nominee (2020)
• Aris T. Allen – Maryland State Delegate (1991 and 1967–1974), Lieutenant Governor nominee (1978) and State Senator (1979–1982)

Massachusetts

• Frank Cousins – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1996) and Essex County Sheriff (1996–2018)
• Althea Garrison – Massachusetts State Representative (1993–1995)

Michigan

• Kurtis T. Wilder – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2017–2018)
• James Craig – Chief of the Detroit Police Department (2013-2021) and Gubernatorial candidate (2022)
• John James, U.S. Representative for Michigan's 10th congressional district (2023 - present)
• Paul H. Scott – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
• Larry DeShazor – Michigan State Representative (2009–2011)
• Robert P. Young Jr. – Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (1999–2017) and Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court (2011–2017)
• Bill Hardiman – Michigan State Senator (2003–2011), Mayor of Kentwood, Michigan (1992–2002) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
• Keith Butler – Detroit Councilman (1989–1993) and U.S. Senate candidate (2006)
• William Lucas – Wayne County Sheriff (1969–1982) and Governor of Michigan nominee (1986)

Minnesota

• Royce White – U.S. Senate nominee (2024) and Sacramento Kings basketball player
• Walter Hudson – Minnesota State Representative (2023–present)
• Lisa Demuth – Minnesota State Representative (2019–present)
• Ray Pleasant – Minnesota State Representative (1973–1981)

Mississippi

• Rodney Hall - Mississippi State Representative (2024-present)
• Angela McGlowan – Miss District of Columbia USA (1994) and U.S. House candidate (2010)
• Nic Lott – chairman for the Mississippi Young Republicans
• Yvonne Brown – Mayor of Tchula, Mississippi (2001–2009) and U.S. House nominee (2006)
• Charles Evers – Mayor of Fayette, Mississippi (1969–1981 and 1985–1989)
• Perry Wilbon Howard II - Republican National Committeeman from Mississippi (1924-1960)
• Mary Booze - Republican National Committeewoman from Mississippi (1924-1955)

Missouri

• Justin Hicks - Missouri State Representative (2023-present)
• Shamed Dogan – Missouri State Representative (2015–2023)
• Neal E. Boyd – 2008 Winner of America's Got Talent and nominee/candidate for the Missouri House of Representatives (2012/2014)
• Sherman Parker – Missouri State Representative (2002–2008)
• Carson Ross – Missouri State Representative (1989–2002) and Mayor of Blue Springs, Missouri (2008–2022)

Nebraska

• Dinah Abrahamson – Nebraska State Central Committeewoman (2005–2013)

Nevada

• Niger Innis – Director of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and U.S. House candidate (2014)
• Maurice Washington – Nevada State Senator (1994–2010)
• Lynette Boggs – Miss Oregon (1989), Las Vegas City Council (1999–2004), Clark County Commission (2004–2006) and U.S. House nominee (2002)

New Hampshire

• Jim Lawrence – New Hampshire State Representative (2004–2010) and U.S. House nominee (2016)

New Jersey

• Antwan McClellan – New Jersey State Assemblyman (2020–present)
• Garry Cobb – U.S. House nominee (2014) and Dallas Cowboys football player
• Bruce Harris – Mayor of Chatham Borough, New Jersey (2012–2019) and member of the New Jersey State Planning Commission (2020–present)^[23]
• Martin G. Barnes – Mayor of Paterson, New Jersey (1997–2002)
• Thomas S. Smith – New Jersey State Assemblyman (1992–2002)
• Jim Usry – Mayor of Atlantic City, New Jersey (1984–1990)
• Matthew G. Carter ^{[citation needed]} – Mayor of Montclair, New Jersey (1968–1972)

New Mexico

• Conrad James – New Mexico State Representative (2010–2012 and 2014–2016)
• Jane Powdrell-Culbert – New Mexico State Representative (2002–2022)
• Anthony Thornton – New Mexico State Senator (2024-present)

New York

• Mazi Melesa Pilip - Member of the Nassau County New York Legislature (2022-present)
• Joe Pinion - United States Senate nominee 2022
• Keith Wofford – Attorney General of New York nominee (2018)
• Michel Faulkner – U.S. House nominee (2010) and New York Jets football player
• Roy Innis – Chairman of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and a board member of the National Rifle Association of America.^[24][25]
• Myrtle Whitmore - Commissioner of the New York City Housing Authority (1996-1999)
• Richard E. Jackson – Commissioner of Motor Vehicles (1995–2000)
• Joseph Holland – Commissioner of Communities and Urban Renewal (1995-1997)
• James Garner – Mayor of Hempstead (1988–2005) and U.S. House nominee (2004)

North Carolina

• Ken Fontenot - North Carolina State Representative (2023-present)
• Thomas Stith III – Governor of North Carolina Pat McCrory's Chief of Staff (2013–2016)
• Dr. Ada Fisher – NC Republican National Committeewoman (2008–present) and U.S. House nominee (2006 and 2008)
• Mark Robinson - North Carolina Lieutenant Governor (2021-2025)

Ohio

• Josh Williams - Ohio State Representative (2023-present)
• Michele Reynolds - Ohio State Senator (2023-present)
• Janet C. Howard - Ohio State Senator (1995-1998)
• Robert C. Henry– Mayor of Springfield, Ohio (1966–1968)

Oklahoma

• Erick Harris - Oklahoma State Representative (2024-present)

• Marlon Coleman - Mayor of Muskogee (2020-2024)
• T. W. Shannon – Oklahoma State Representative (2007–2015) and Speaker of the Oklahoma House of Representatives (2013–2014)

Oregon

• Jackie Winters – Oregon State Senator (2002–2019)

Pennsylvania

• Harry Lewis Jr. – Pennsylvania State Representative (2014–2018)
• Lynn Swann – Governor of Pennsylvania Nominee (2006) and Pittsburgh Steelers football player^[26]
• Renee Amoore – Pennsylvania's Republican State Committeewoman (1992–2000)

South Carolina

• Mike Reichenbach - South Carolina State Senator (2022-present)
• Samuel Rivers Jr. – South Carolina State Representative (2012–2018)

South Dakota

• Tony Randolph – South Dakota State Representative (2018–present)

Texas

• Eric Johnson - Mayor of Dallas (2019-present; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in 2023)
• Katrina Pierson - Texas state representative (2025-present)
• Charles Cunningham – Texas State Representative (2023–present)
• Anthony Williams - Mayor of Abilene (2017-2023)
• Shawn Thierry - Texas State Representative (2017-present; elected as a Democrat, switched to Republican in August 2024)
• Scott Turner – Texas State Representative (2013–2017) and Denver Broncos football player
• Stefani Carter – Texas State Representative (2011–2015)
• James White – Texas State Representative (2011–2023)
• Michael L. Williams – Commissioner of the Texas Education Agency (2012–2015), Chairman of the Texas Railroad Commission (1999–2011) and U.S. House candidate (2012)
• Robin Armstrong – Vice Chairman of the Republican Party of Texas (2006–2010)
• Dale Wainwright – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2003–2012)
• Wallace Jefferson – Associate Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2001–2004) and Chief Justice of the Texas Supreme Court (2004–2013)
• Clay Smothers – Texas State Representative (1977–1981)

Utah

• Alvin B. Jackson – Utah State Senator (2013–2016)
• James Evans – Utah State Senator (2002–2004) and Chairman of the Utah Republican Party (2013–2017)

Vermont

• Randy Brock - Vermont State Senator (2009-2013, 2017-present) and Vermont Auditor of Accounts (2005-2007)

Virginia

• A.C Cordoza - Virginia State Delegate (2022-present)
• E. W. Jackson – Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Nominee (2013)
• Paul Clinton Harris – Virginia State Delegate (1998–2002)
• Noel C. Taylor ^{[citation needed]}– Mayor of Roanoke, Virginia (1975–1992)

Washington

• Michael Ross ^{[citation needed]} – Washington State Representative (1971–1973)
• Charles Stokes ^{[citation needed]}– Washington State Representative (1951–1959)

West Virginia

• Caleb Hanna – West Virginia State Delegate (2018–present)
• Jill Upson – West Virginia State Delegate (2014–2018)

Wisconsin

• Julian Bradley – Wisconsin State Senate (2021–present)

Wyoming

• Lynn Hutchings – Wyoming State Representative (2012–2014) and Wyoming State Senator (2018–present)

United States judges

• Angela Tucker^{[citation needed]} – Texas District Court Judge (2012–present)
• Ada E. Brown – United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas.
• Clarence Thomas – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1991–present)
• David W. Williams – Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California (1969–2000)
• George C. Hanks Jr. – Justice on the Texas state First Court of Appeals (2010–2015) and Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (2015–present)
• Janice Rogers Brown – Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of California (1996–2005) and U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (2005–2017)
• Jerome Holmes – United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
• Kevin A. Ross – Judge of the Los Angeles County Superior Court (1996–2005) and Judge on America's Court with Judge Ross (2010–present)
• Lisa Holder White - Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court (since 2022), Judge of the Illinois Fourth District Appellate Court (2013-2022), Trial Judge Illinois Sixth Judicial Circuit Court (2001-2013)
• Lynn Toler^{[citation needed]} – Arbitrator on the court series Divorce Court (2001–present)^[27]
• Robert Heberton Terrell – Judge to the District of Columbia Municipal Court (1901–1924)
• Sara J. Harper^{[citation needed]} – Ohio Court of Appeals (1990–2003)

TV personalities, authors and journalists

• Amy Holmes – News anchor and political contributor on CNN^[28]
• Armond White – Film critic for National Review and Out Magazine
• Armstrong Williams – Author of Beyond Blame and TV host of On Point^[29]
• Ben Kinchlow – Evangelist, television and radio personality
• Brandon Tatum – Former police officer, commentator and professional speaker.
• Candace Owens – Writer and commentator
• Carol M. Swain – Television personality and professor of political science and law at Vanderbilt University
• Charles Payne – Fox News and Fox Business journalist
• CJ Pearson – Journalist
• C.L. Bryant – TV host
• Deneen Borelli – Author, columnist, and Fox News contributor
• Diamond and Silk (Lynnette Hardaway and Rochelle Richardson) – Live-stream video bloggers, political activists and Newsmax TV hosts
• Eboni K. Williams - Attorney and radio and TV personality
• George Schuyler – Journalist
• Philippa Schuyler^{[citation needed]} – Pianist, author, journalist
• Hallie Quinn Brown^{[citation needed]} – Author
• Harris Faulkner – Television host for Fox News
• James Golden – Producer for The Rush Limbaugh Show (under the alias "Bo Snerdley")
• Reverend Jesse Lee Peterson – President of the Brotherhood Organization of a New Destiny^[30]
• Jason Riley – Journalist
• Jason Whitlock – Sports Journalist, radio personality, commentator and writer.
• Katrina Pierson – Tea Party activist, communications consultant and a regular CNN contributor
• Kathy Barnette - Policy commentator and former political candidate
• Larry Elder – Author of 10 Things You Can't Say in America and radio host^[31]
• Lawrence Dennis – Mixed-race, diplomat, consultant, author
• Lawrence B. Jones – Radio host, contributor to Fox News, and author
• Lenny McAllister – Author of Diary of a Mad Black PYC (Proud Young Conservative) and radio talk-show host from WVON-AM Chicago^[32]
• Leo Terrell – civil rights attorney, talk radio host
• Lester Holt – News anchor at NBC News, a registered Republican since 2003^[33]
• Michael King^{[citation needed]} – Emmy Award-winning television producer
• Michelle Bernard – Journalist
• Nannie Helen Burroughs^{[citation needed]} – Author
• Paris Dennard – Commentator on CNN and NPR, and the Senior Director of Strategic Communications for the Thurgood Marshall College Fund
• Raynard Jackson – Columnist and TV political analyst
• Shelby Steele – Author
• Samantha Marika – Political commentator
• Anton Daniels – YouTube personality^[34]
• Tommy Sotomayor – Radio and internet talk show host, YouTube personality, men's rights activist and film producer^[35]
• Tony Brown – Journalist and host of Tony Brown's Journal
• Tyrus (wrestler) – Professional wrestler, actor and Fox News commentator
• Zora Neale Hurston - Author, anthropologist and filmmaker

Military

• Lieutenant Colonel Frances Rice – Chairwoman of the National Black Republican Association
• Major General Mary J. Kight – Adjutant General of California (2010–2011)^[36][37][38]
• Lieutenant General Russel L. Honoré^[39]

Columnists

• Deroy Murdock – National Review columnist
• Ken Hamblin – Denver Post columnist
• Jason L. Riley — The Wall Street Journal
• Robert A. George – Columnist for the New York Post
• Sophia A. Nelson – Chair of PoliticalIntersection.com and politicalintersection.blogspot.com
• Star Parker – President of the Coalition on Urban Renewal and Education, columnist and author
• Stephen L. Carter – Christianity Today columnist, author of The Culture of Disbelief

Athletes and entertainers

• Anthony Watson (skeleton racer) - is an American-born skeleton racer who competed on behalf of Jamaica in the 2018 Winter Olympics, becoming the first athlete to represent the Caribbean nation in the winter sport.
• Bryan Clay^{[citation needed]} – Washington Times
• Bryson Gray - is an American rapper, known for his work in the Christian hip hop and political hip hop genres.
• David Tyree – NFL Football player
• Don King – Boxing promoter
• Ernie Banks – MLB baseball player^[40]
• Greg Anthony – NBA basketball player
• Herschel Walker – NFL football player
• Isaiah Washington – Actor
• James Brown – Musician. Openly endorsed Richard Nixon at the 1972 presidential election and named Strom Thurmond as one of his heroes during a 1999 interview with Rolling Stone.^[41][42]
• Jimmie Walker – Actor
• Johnny Mathis^{[citation needed]} – Singer
• Jonathan Isaac - NBA basketball player
• Joseph C. Phillips – Actor^[43]
• Joy Villa – Singer. Promoted and supported Donald Trump's presidency in 2017.^[44]
• Kanye West – Rapper and record producer. Endorsed Donald Trump subsequently to the 2016 presidential election. Met President Trump in the Oval Office on 11 October 2018. Independent candidate for President of the United States in 2020 and 2024.
• Karl Malone – Olympic Gold medallist and basketball player^[45]
• Kevin and Keith Hodge – Prominent YouTube commentators, comedians and trainers
• Lawrence Taylor - NFL Football player
• Lionel Hampton - Musician, delegate to several Republican National Conventions, vice-president of the New York State Republican Committee.
• Mattie Montgomery - singer and pastor
• Mike Jones – WWF wrestler
• Nolan Carroll – NFL Football player and son of Jennifer Carroll, Lieutenant Governor of Florida
• Ottis Anderson - NFL Football player
• Pearl Bailey – Actress and singer
• Ronnie Lott – NFL Football player
• Rosey Grier - Former football player, actor, singer, Protestant minister, he addressed the 1984 Republican National Convention and endorsed Ronald Reagan for reelection.
• Stacey Dash – Actress
• Thurman Thomas – NFL Football player^[46]
• Tommy Vext - singer
• Tony Dungy – NFL Football player and coach
• Topher (rapper) - is an independent American rapper, songwriter and conservative commentator.
• Wilt Chamberlain – NBA Basketball player
• Kevin Holland - is an American professional mixed martial artist.

Education and business

• Alveda King – Niece of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and senior fellow at the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution
• Arthur Fletcher^{[citation needed]} – Academic
• Booker T. Washington – Educator, author, orator, and adviser to several presidents of the United States
• Chris Darden – Attorney
• George Washington Carver^{[citation needed]} – Agricultural scientist and inventor who promoted alternative crops to cotton and methods to prevent soil depletion
• Glenn Loury – Academic, economist, and podcast host
• Herman Cain – Former CEO of Godfather's Pizza, talk show host, and one-time presidential candidate
• Jessie De Priest^{[citation needed]} – Music teacher, wife of Congressman Oscar Stanton De Priest. Her presence at a White House tea given by Lou Henry Hoover on June 12, 1929, caused a scandal among southern Democrats
• Joshua I. Smith – Businessman
• Marvin Scott^{[citation needed]} – Academic
• Michael Powell - Former Republican member of the Federal Communications Commission, current president National Cable and Telecommunications Association.
• Dr. Mildred Fay Jefferson – First African American to graduate from Harvard Medical School
• Samuel B. Fuller – Businessman
• Stephen N. Lackey – Businessman
• Thomas Sowell – American economist, social theorist, and senior fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
• Vern S. Williams – Member of the National Mathematics Advisory Panel
• Walter Edward Williams – American economist, commentator, and academic
• Robert Oscar Lopez - Academic - mixed Latino and African ancestry
• Eunice Carter - Attorney. First African-American assistant district attorney in New York state.
• Robert Reed Church - Real estate investor and banker, he was a delegate for William McKinley at the 1900 Republican National Convention.
• Robert Church Jr - Businessman and Republican Party organizer in Memphis, Tennessee
• Mary Church Terrell - One of the first African-American women to receive a college degree, she was a journalist and educator. She was an active Republican, campaigning for Warren G. Harding in 1920.
• Angel Joy Chavis Rocker - Guidance counselor. She became the first African-American woman to seek the Republican nomination for President of the United States in 2000.
• William Nickerson Jr. - Businessman and founder of Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company, in 1944, he was candidate for presidential elector from California on the Republican Dewey-Bricker ticket.

Civil rights, abolitionists and activists

• Eldridge Cleaver – Leader of the Black Panther Party who later became a Republican
• James Meredith – Civil rights campaigner, who served as domestic adviser to Jesse Helms
• James Weldon Johnson – Activist, served as treasurer of Colored Republican Club
• Scipio Africanus Jones^{[citation needed]} – Activist
• Dr. T. R. M. Howard – Founder of Regional Council of Negro Leadership, surgeon, supporter of right to abortion, ally of Dwight Eisenhower. He opposed socialism and Communism.
• Bayard Rustin – Civil rights activist who became neoconservative in later life
• Michael the Black Man – Maurice Woodside, activist
• James David Manning – Pastor, ATLAH World Missionary Church, activist
• Bishop Eddie Long – Pastor, New Birth Missionary Baptist Church, activist
• Enrique Tarrio – Henry "Enrique" Tarrio, identifies as Afro-Cuban, activist
• Manning Johnson – Former Communist who became an anti-communist activist
• Darrell C. Scott – Pastor, activist
• Ali Alexander – Social media personality and activist, of African-American and Arab ancestry
• Archibald Grimke^{[citation needed]} – Civil rights activist
• Ezola Foster – Teacher, writer, political activist, and unsuccessful candidate for public office on the Republican and Reform Party tickets
• Roscoe Simmons – Orator, journalist, political activist, he was part of the "Old Guard" of Black Republicans in Tennessee. He attended three Republican National Conventions and seconded the nomination of Herbert Hoover in 1932.
• Maj Toure - activist and rapper, founder of Black Guns Matter
• Mark Burns (pastor) - televangelist, unsuccessful candidate for United States House of Representatives from South Carolina in 2018 and 2022.
• Ayaan Hirsi Ali - Somali-born Dutch-American activist associated with the conservative American Enterprise Institute and Hoover Institution, a former Muslim, she has spoken out against Islamic suppression of women and has criticized American feminists for their failure to speak out on this issue.
• H. K. Edgerton - African-American neoconfederate activist.
• Nelson W. Winbush - is an educator, who is notable as one of a handful of African-American members of the Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV).
• Mattie Clyburn Rice - was an African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
• Georgia Benton - African-American member of the United Daughters of the Confederacy
• Voddie Baucham - is an American pastor, author, and educator. He serves as Dean of Theology at African Christian University in Lusaka, Zambia.
• Lemuel Haynes - was an American clergyman. A veteran of the American Revolution, Haynes was the first black man in the United States to be ordained as a minister.
• Tony Evans (pastor)