Bosavi languages

Trans–New Guinea language family From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bosavi languages

The Bosavi or Papuan Plateau languages belong to the Trans-New Guinea language family according to the classifications made by Malcolm Ross and Timothy Usher. This language family derives its name from Mount Bosavi and the Papuan Plateau.

Quick Facts Geographic distribution, Linguistic classification ...
Bosavi
Papuan Plateau
Geographic
distribution
Papuan Plateau, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationTrans–New Guinea
  • Bosavi
Language codes
Glottologbosa1245
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Map: The Bosavi languages of New Guinea
  The Bosavi languages
  Other Trans–New Guinea languages
  Other Papuan languages
  Austronesian languages
  Uninhabited
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Geographically, the Bosavi languages are situated to the east and south of the East Strickland group. They can be found around Mount Bosavi, located east of the Strickland River and southwest of the western edge of the central highlands of Papua New Guinea. Although no extensive subgrouping analysis has been conducted, Shaw's lexicostatistical study in 1986 provides some insights.

Based on this study, it is indicated that Kaluli and Sonia exhibit a significant lexical similarity of 70%, which is higher than any other languages compared. Therefore, it is likely that these two languages form a subgroup. Similarly, Etoro and Bedamini share a subgroup with a lexical similarity of 67%. The languages Aimele, Kasua, Onobasulu, and Kaluli-Sunia exhibit more shared isoglosses among themselves than with the Etoro-Bedamini group. Some of these shared isoglosses are likely to be innovations.[1]

Languages

The languages, which are closely related, are:[1]

It is worth noting these languages share at best 70% lexical (vocabulary) similarity, as in the case of Kaluli–Sonia and Edolo–Beami.[1] The rest of related languages likely share around 10–15% lexical similarities.

The unity of the Bosavi languages was quantitatively[clarification needed] demonstrated by Evans and Greenhill (2017).[2]

Palmer et al. (2018) consider Dibiyaso to be a language isolate.[3]

Pronouns

Pronouns are:

More information sg, pl ...
sgpl
1 *na*ni-
2 *ga*gi-
3 *ya*yi-
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Vocabulary comparison

Summarize
Perspective

The following basic vocabulary words are from the Trans-New Guinea database:[4]

The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. aubi, awbi, aube for "moon") or not (e.g. dɔa, igi, kele for "stone").

More information gloss, Aimele ...
glossAimeleBeamiBiamiEdoloKaluliKaluli
(Bosavi dial.)
KasuaOnabasuluSonia
head mufatialuna; tiarumatalubab~pusʌmise; misẽpesʌibizei; pesaikunieneipi
hair mufa fɔnɔhinabu; osahinabob~pusʌ henimisẽ fɔ̃; mise foonmedafɔnbizei fʌnu; pesaifanoalu; kuni alueneipi fɔn
ear kelenikẽkɛhekenẽ; malokælænkenane; kinɛlikɔheni; koneniekadem
eye sisisiisisisisisi
nose migimimimigʌnimigimi; mĩmi; mĩmiki
tooth bisipese; pẽsẽpesep~besebeso; bispesapapeseʌnenʌ
tongue dabisẽeri; kɔnɛ̃sukona̧suelieʌn; sanoinemtepe; tepɛeane; ɛanetʌbise
leg inebiemoemoemɔgidaafoo; giponatu; unɛtuemo; emɔeisep
louse tedeimuimuimũfe; fẽtekeapearupai; pfɛi(fe); fẽfi
dog ãgiwæːme; weːmewæmiɔgɔnɔgasa; kasʌkasakasoro; kʌsorogesu; kesɔwɛi
pig kẽgebɔsuguʌkabɔkɔpɔľɔtɔfene
bird abɔmænihega; mænihayʌɔ̃bẽ; oloone; oobaaanemae; ɛnimhaga; hakaʌbɔ
egg abɔ us̪uɔsɔosoisɔɔ̃bẽ uš; usnatape; ufuhokaisu; sɔʌtʌm
blood omanihæːľehealehiʌlehɔbɔ; hooboobebetʌ; pepetaibihʌbʌ
bone kikasa; kosokasakiwiːkiki; kiːkiwiuku
skin kãfukadofo; kadɔfɔkadofokʌdɔfɔdɔgɔf; toogoofkapokapo; kʌːpɔtomola; tɔmɔlaʌkʌf
breast buːtoto; tɔtɔtototɔtɔbo; bubobɔ; pobu
tree yebeifaifaiii; taiiyep
man kɔlutunutunu̧tɔnɔkalusenae; senɛinɔlɔ; inoroʌsenʌ
woman kaisaleudaudaudiaga; kesali; kesarikesare; kesʌľeido; idɔnʌisɔʌ
sun ofɔesɔ; eṣɔesoesɔof; ɔfopoɔbɔ; opoharo; hɔlɔof
moon oleaubiawbiaubeilikunɛi; opoaube; auboweľe
water hãnihãlɔ̃; harõha̧loɔ̃tãhɔ̃n; hoonhoŋhano; hʌnɔ̃hano; hanɔmɔ͂
fire didaru; naludalunulude; didehomatos; teide; tide
stone dɔaigikeleigiuetewʌ; etoaabaneka
road, path nɔgoisu
name widiɔ; diɔ̃dioẽiwiunũwiimi
eat mayãna; nahana-imo-nahãːmayakinatapo; mɛnẽnamana; namenamenʌ
one ageliafaiafa̧i̧ageãgel; angelsemeti; tekeapeagaleitidi
two ageleweliadunãadunaagedua̧dep; ãdipɛľipiaganebo; aidaani
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References

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