CBC Radio One

CBC Radio One is the English-language news and information radio network of the publicly owned Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. It is commercial-free and offers local and national programming. It is available on AM and FM to 98 percent of Canadians and overseas over the Internet, and through mobile apps. CBC Radio One is simulcast across Canada on Bell Satellite TV satellite channels 956 and 953,^[1] and Shaw Direct satellite channel 870.^[2] A modified version of Radio One, with local content replaced by additional airings of national programming, is available on Sirius XM channel 169. It is downlinked to subscribers via SiriusXM Canada and its U.S.-based counterpart, Sirius XM Satellite Radio.

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Quick Facts Country, Ownership ...

CBC Radio One

Country	Canada
Ownership
Owner	Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
History
Launch date	1936
Former names	CBC Radio (1936–44, 1962–97) Trans-Canada Network (1944–62)
Coverage
Availability	AM and FM frequencies across Canada Bell Satellite TV Shaw Direct Sirius XM
Links
Website	cbc.ca/radio

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In 2010,^{[needs update]} Radio One reached 4.3 million listeners each week. It was the largest radio network in Canada.^[3]

CBC Radio began in 1936, and is the oldest branch of the corporation. In 1949, the facilities and staff of the Broadcasting Corporation of Newfoundland were transferred to CBC upon Newfoundland's entry into Canadian Confederation.

Beginning in 1944, the CBC operated two English-language radio services: the original network became the Trans-Canada Network, and a second network, the Dominion Network, was established with CJBC in Toronto as its flagship. With the exception of CJBC, all 35 stations on the CBC Dominion Network were privately owned affiliates. Its programming tended to be lighter than that of the Trans-Canada Network, carrying more American programming in its schedule. The Dominion Network operated only in the evenings, freeing affiliates to air local programming during the day.

Until 1958, the CBC was both a broadcaster, and the principal broadcast regulator in Canada. It used this dual role to take most of Canada's clear-channel frequencies on the AM band.

In 1962, the Dominion Network was dissolved and within a few years CJBC became a French-language station broadcasting the programming of Radio-Canada.

In 1960, the CBC began running distinct programming on its three existing FM English-language stations, which had been providing simulcasts of programming on its AM stations. The stations, located in Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal, broadcast a monoaural FM signal. Programming consisted mostly of classical music. The stations were linked by CN/CP Telecommunications via land-line and microwave. This service was discontinued in 1962, but resumed in 1964 in stereo. Eventually, a national satellite-distributed network of stereo FM stations was established. In 1975, the FM network was called CBC Stereo, and the AM service was designated CBC Radio.

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, CBC Radio increased its current affairs and documentary content with an initiative known as the "Radio Revolution", using more ambitious, live coverage of news and current affairs including listeners as well as experts. The change began with national shows such as As It Happens.^[4] The change spread to CBC regional morning shows which developed three hours of live radio combining "survival information", about news, weather and traffic, with interviews and documentaries about local and national issues. CBC Radio Winnipeg was the first to embrace the format followed by Information Morning in Halifax, a move which increased audience and attracted coverage in Time magazine.^[5]

CBC Radio stopped running commercials in 1974. Until 1995, the network signed off the air between 1:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. daily (5:00 a.m. weekdays on its Toronto flagship station, CBL)– in that year, it launched an overnight program, CBC Radio Overnight, which airs international news and documentary programs.

In the early 1990s, the CBC began offering selected programs on the Internet.^[6] In September 1996, the network formally launched live audio streaming of both CBC Radio and CBC Stereo.^[6]

Since the 1980s, many of the CBC's AM stations moved to FM in response to complaints of poor AM reception. This meant that the old distinction between the AM "Radio" network and the FM "Stereo" network was no longer accurate, even though many of the FM "Radio" stations broadcast in mono only. As a result, on September 1, 1997, CBC Radio became CBC Radio One and CBC Stereo became CBC Radio 2 (it is now CBC Music).^[7] Although some Radio One stations still broadcast on AM as of 2018, because of issues with urban reception of AM radio signals many of the remaining AM stations have added FM rebroadcasters in major urban centres within their broadcast area.

Only stations licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission as separate broadcast undertakings are listed below.^[8] Most—though not all—of these stations produce at least one local program. Most stations also have numerous rebroadcasters in smaller communities within their service areas; rebroadcasters are listed in each primary station's article.

Several shortwave radio relays of CBC Radio One once existed to provide coverage to remote areas that could not otherwise receive radio broadcasts. The only such operation still licensed is CKZN, relaying CFGB-FM from Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador with a 1 kW ERP signal on a fixed frequency of 6.16 MHz.

Former shortwave relays include CKCX, providing a relay of CBC North programming, and CKZU, relaying CBU from Vancouver. CKCX and CKZU ceased operations in 2012 and 2017, respectively.^[9][10]

Most schedules include hourly news readings that run from 4–10 minutes on the top of the hour except for major programming like the 6:00 p.m. news show, Your World Tonight, and the Sunday afternoon call-in show, Cross Country Checkup. Some mid-day programs include only brief 90-second "information updates".

On statutory holidays, local programming, particularly the morning shows, is replaced by special provincial programming or regional programs are broadcast province-wide on a rotating basis. Typically for the noon and late afternoon time slots, national programs in the form of documentary specials are aired as well. In the summer months of July and August, some programming is temporarily shortened and/or replaced by special summer series. For Christmas Day, the majority of the programming, beginning at 8:00 PM on Christmas Eve, is replaced with predominately holiday music showcases.

Stations in the Canadian territories air a significantly different schedule with expanded local programming that includes a number of programs in local Indigenous languages. They air most of the core CBC Radio One schedule, although some programs may air in abbreviated versions (see CBC North for further information).

The network also airs some programming syndicated from American public broadcasting services such as National Public Radio and Public Radio Exchange, including programs from the now defunct Public Radio International which merged with PRX in 2019, This American Life,^[11] Radiolab and the news series The World and, previously, The State We're In. With the exceptions of This American Life, which airs on Sunday nights at 11:00 p.m. and Snap Judgement which airs on Monday nights at 11:00 p.m., all other non-Canadian content airs after 1:00 a.m. as part of the CBC Radio Overnight programming block.^[12]

While all CBC Radio stations today are owned and operated by the network there previously were a number of privately owned network affiliates of what is now CBC Radio One and its predecessors, the Trans-Canada Network, and the original CBC Radio network. Some were affiliates of the original CBC radio network prior to 1944, several of which had previously been affiliates of the CBC's predecessor, the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission.^[14] Some were affiliates of the Trans-Canada Network (1944–1962) and either disaffiliated from TCN or became CBC Radio affiliates when TCN became CBC Radio in 1962. Some transferred their affiliation to CBC Radio when the Dominion Network dissolved in 1962. Most affiliates disaffiliated as the CBC built new owned and operated stations, expanded coverage by other stations, or built transmitters to rebroadcast existing CBC Radio stations. Other affiliates were purchased from their owners by the CBC and are listed under CBC Radio One stations above or at List of defunct CBC radio transmitters in Canada if they are no longer operating.^[15][16]

Stations that have disaffiliated:

• CFAC, Calgary - lost affiliation in 1948 with the launch of CBX.^[17]
• CFAR, Flin Flon - disaffiliated in 1984 after CBC launched CBWF-FM.^[18]
• CFCH, North Bay - disaffiliated in 1976 with the launch of CBCN-FM.^[19]
• CFCY, Charlottetown - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1977 with the opening of CBCT-FM.^[20][21]
• CFGP, Grande Prairie - disaffiliated in 1981 after the opening of CBXP-FM.^[22]
• CFJC, Kamloops - disaffiliated in 1977 with the launch of CBYK-FM.^[23]
• CFNB, Fredericton - disaffiliated in 1964 with the launch of CBZ.^[24][25]
• CFOB, Fort Frances - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962 as CKFI. Disaffiliated after the opening of CBQ in 1973.^[26][27]
• CFOM, Quebec City - as CJQC transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Became CFOM in 1964. Closed in 1975, replaced by CBVE-FM.^[28][29]
• CFOR, Orillia - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1964.^[30]
• CFOS, Owen Sound - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated and replaced by CBCB-FM, a rebroadcaster of CBL, in 1983.^[31][32]
• CFPA, Port Arthur - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1972 with the launch of CBQ.^[33][27]
• CFPL, London - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated, replaced by CBCL-FM in 1978.^[34]
• CFRC, Kingston - owned and operated Queen's University in partnership with the Kingston Whig-Standard newspaper. Affiliation transferred to the more powerful CKWS when the newspaper opened that station in 1942.^[35]
• CFRN, Edmonton - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1964 when CBR launched.^[36]
• CFVR, Abbotsford - established in 1962 as a semi-satellite of CHWK. Disaffiliated in 1981 with the launch of a repeater of CBU.^[37]
• CHAT, Medicine Hat - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1994 with the launch of CBRM-FM.^[38]
• CHSJ, St. John - was an affiliate of the Trans-Canada Network until 1962 when that network was merged with the Dominion Network to become CBC Radio. CHSJ remained a CBC Radio affiliate. The CBC opened CBD in 1964 but CHSJ is listed as remaining a CBC affiliate until at least 1980.^[39]
• CHWK, Chilliwack - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1981 with the launch of a repeater of CBU.^[37]
• CJAT, Trail - disaffiliated in 1977 as a result of the launch of CBTA-FM.^[40]
• CJCA, Edmonton - disaffiliated in 1962 with the dissolution of the Trans-Canada Network. CFRN, the former Dominion Network affiliate, remained as an affiliate of the combined CBC Radio network.^[41]
• CJIC, - Sault Ste. Marie - disaffiliated in 1981 with the launch of CBSM-FM.^[42] Closed in 1992.
• CJOC, Lethbridge - disaffiliated in 1978 as CBRX-FM had signed on.^[43]
• CJVI, Victoria - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1991 with the launch of CBCV-FM.^[44]
• CJWA, Wawa - disaffiliated in 1985 with the opening of CBLJ, a retransmitter of CBCS-FM.^[45]
• CKCK, Regina - remained a Trans-Canada Network affiliate until 1962 when the network was merged with the Dominion network to become CBC Radio.^[46]
• CKCR, Kitchener - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliation granted in 1966 by Board of Broadcast Governors over CBC's objections.^[47]
• CKCV, Quebec City - disaffiliated in 1962 with the merger of the Trans-Canada Network and the Dominion Network and went from being a bilingual to a French-only station, with CFOM continuing as a CBC Radio affiliate.^[48]
• CKGB, Timmins - disaffiliated in 1984 with the launch of CBCJ-FM.^[49]
• CKLN, Nelson - remained a CBC affiliate until at least 1968.^[50]
• CKOC, Hamilton - was allowed to disaffiliate in 1962 as Hamilton was in range of CBL Toronto's signal.^[51]
• CKOR, Penticton - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1977 as a result of the launch of CBTP-FM.^[52]
• CKOV, Kelowna - disaffiliated in 1977 with the opening of a CBC repeater.^[53] CBTK-FM was launched in 1987.^[54]
• CKPR, Fort William - disaffiliated in 1962 with the merger of the Trans-Canada Network and Dominion Network. Former Dominion affiliate CFPA, in neighbouring Port Arthur, continued as the affiliate of the consolidated CBC Radio network.^[55]
• CKSO, Sudbury - disaffiliated in 1978 with CBCS-FM signing on.^[56]
• CKWS, Kingston - disaffiliated in 1978 with the opening of CBCK-FM.^[57]
• CKX, Brandon - transferred from the Dominion network in 1962. Disaffiliated in 1978 with the opening of CBWS-FM.^[58]

For former Dominion Network affiliates, see Dominion Network#Stations

• Ici Radio-Canada Première, the CBC's French language equivalent to CBC Radio One