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Mon-Khmer ethnic group From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Palaung (Burmese: ပလောင် လူမျိုး [pəlàʊɰ̃ lùmjó]; Thai: ปะหล่อง, also written as Benglong Palong) or Ta'ang (တအောင်း) are an Austroasiatic ethnic group found in Shan State of Myanmar (Burma), Yunnan Province of China and Northern Thailand. In China, they are referred to as the De'ang (Chinese: 德昂族; pinyin: Déángzú also spelt Deang) people. They live mainly in the northern parts of Shan State in the Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone, with the capital at Namhsan.
 | |
A Ta'ang tribal woman near Kalaw, Shan State, Burma | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 557,000 (est.) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Burma, smaller populations in Yunnan, China and Thailand | |
| Languages | |
| Ta'ang | |
| Religion | |
| Theravada Buddhism |
The Ta'ang (Palaung) State Liberation Army, the armed wing of the Palaung ethnic group, began fighting against the Burmese military in 1963. It entered a cease-fire agreement with the central government in April 1991, but is currently continuing the insurgency.[1] Both the government and the rebel armies have derived benefit from poppy cultivation, which has caused serious drug addiction among the local people.[2]
There are three main subgroups of Palaung: the Palé, Shwe and Rumai.[3]
The Chinese government groups together the Palé, Riang, Rumai and Shwe peoples as the De'ang ethnic nationality. The group also includes the Danau (Danaw) who may no longer have a separate identity from the Palé.
There are three main principal Palaung languages: Palé (Ruching), Rumai, and Shwe (Ta'ang or De'ang). Many Palaung are multilingual, speaking multiple varieties of Palaung, Burmese, Shan, Chinese, and Jingpo.[4] Use of Shan among the Palaung has declined, while younger Palaung prefer to use Burmese as a common language with speakers of other Palaung varieties.[4] The Ta’ang Committee for Literature and Culture published the first Burmese-Ta'ang dictionary in 2012.[4]
In China, the De'ang are found in the following villages of Zhenkang County and Gengma County.[5] In China, they are known as the Laopulao (牢普劳); there are six other De'ang groups located in Burma.[5]
Most Palaung are adherents of Theravada Buddhism and Buddhist temples can be found in most of their towns. Buddhism is present in all of the daily activities of this ethnic group. At the age of ten, many children are sent to the monasteries, primarily for education. Most of them return to lay life in later years.
The Riang are the only one of the four groups who have never converted to Buddhism. The majority of the Riang are animists.
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