Swatow dialect

Dialect of Teochew Min From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Swatow dialect

The Swatow dialect, also known as the Shantou dialect, is a variety of Chinese mostly spoken in Shantou in Guangdong, China. It is typically classified as a dialect of Teochew.[3]

Quick Facts Native to, Region ...
Swatow dialect
Shantou
汕頭話 Suan¹tao⁵ uê⁷
Native toChina
RegionMainly in Shantou, southeastern Guangdong province.
Early forms
Peng'im
Language codes
ISO 639-3
Glottologshan1244
Linguasphere79-AAA-jif
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  Swatow dialect
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Phonology

Summarize
Perspective

Swatow dialect has 18 initials, over 60 rimes, and 8 tones.

Initials

More information Bilabial, Alveolar ...
Bilabial Alveolar Velar Glottal
plain sibilant
Nasal /m/
/n/
/ŋ/
Plosive/
Affricate
tenuis /p/
/t/
/ts/
/k/
/ʔ/
aspirated /pʰ/
/tʰ/
/tsʰ/
/kʰ/
voiced /b/
/g/
Continuant voiceless /s/
voiced /l/
/z/
/h/
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Rimes

Swatow dialect has at least the following rimes:

More information Nucleus, -a- ...
Nucleus -a- -ɛ̝- -- -ɯ- -i- -u- -ai- -au- -oi- -ou- -ui- -iu- ∅-
Medial ∅-i-u- ∅-u- ∅-i- ∅- ∅- ∅- ∅-u- ∅- i- ∅- ∅- ∅- ∅-
Coda -∅ a
ia
ua
e
ue
o
io
ɯ
i
u
ai
uai
au
iau
oi
ou
ui
iu
-◌̃ ã
ĩã
ũã

ũẽ
ĩõ
ɯ̃
ĩ
ãĩ
ũãĩ
õĩ
ĩũ
-ʔ
iaʔ
uaʔ

ueʔ

ioʔ


oiʔ
-m am
iam
uam
im

-ŋ
iaŋ
uaŋ


ioŋ
ɯŋ


ŋ̩
-p ap
iap
uap
ip
-k ak
iak
uak
ek
ok
iok
ik
uk
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Tones

More information No., Tones ...
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Tones dark level
陰平
dark rising
陰上
dark departing
陰去
dark entering
陰入
light level
陽平
light rising
陽上
light departing
陽去
light entering
陽入
Tone contour ˧ (33) ˥˧ (53) ˨˩˧ (213) ˨ (2) ˥ (55) ˧˥ (35) ˩ (11) ˥ (5)
Example Hanzi
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Tone sandhi

Swatow dialect has extremely extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules. The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below:

More information Original citation tone, Tone sandhi ...
Tone sandhi of first syllable
Original citation toneTone sandhi
dark level
33
23
light level
55
21
dark rising
53
35
light rising
35
21
dark departing
213
55
light departing
11
12
dark entering
2
5
light entering
5
2
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Notes

  1. Min is believed to have split from Old Chinese, rather than Middle Chinese like other varieties of Chinese.[1][2][3]

References

Further reading

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