厭う
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Etymology
From Old Japanese 厭ふ (itofu). Possibly cognate with 痛い (itai, “painful”) and 痛む (itamu, “to hurt”), both from Proto-Japonic *eta (“painful”)
Pronunciation
Verb
厭う • (itou) ←いとふ (itofu)?transitive godan (stem 厭い (itoi), past 厭った (itotta))
- (literary) to hate; to dislike
- (chiefly in the negative) to hesitate to do
Conjugation
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 厭わ | いとわ | itowa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 厭い | いとい | itoi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 厭う | いとう | itou |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 厭う | いとう | itou |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 厭え | いとえ | itoe |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 厭え | いとえ | itoe |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 厭われる | いとわれる | itowareru |
| Causative | 厭わせる 厭わす |
いとわせる いとわす |
itowaseru itowasu |
| Potential | 厭える | いとえる | itoeru |
| Volitional | 厭おう | いとおう | itoō |
| Negative | 厭わない | いとわない | itowanai |
| Negative continuative | 厭わず | いとわず | itowazu |
| Formal | 厭います | いといます | itoimasu |
| Perfective | 厭った | いとった | itotta |
| Conjunctive | 厭って | いとって | itotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 厭えば | いとえば | itoeba |
Conjugation of "厭う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 厭は | いとは | itofa |
| Continuative (連用形) | 厭ひ | いとひ | itofi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 厭ふ | いとふ | itofu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 厭ふ | いとふ | itofu |
| Realis (已然形) | 厭へ | いとへ | itofe |
| Imperative (命令形) | 厭へ | いとへ | itofe |
| Key constructions | |||
| Negative | 厭はず | いとはず | itofazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 厭へど | いとへど | itofedo |
| Causal conjunction | 厭へば | いとへば | itofeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 厭はば | いとはば | itofaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 厭ひき | いとひき | itofiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 厭ひけり | いとひけり | itofikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 厭ひつ | いとひつ | itofitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 厭ひぬ | いとひぬ | itofinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 厭へり 厭ひたり | いとへり いとひたり | itoferi itofitari |
| Volitional | 厭はむ | いとはむ | itofamu |
Derived terms
- 愛おしい (itooshii, “lovely, precious; piteous, pathetic”)
- 厭わしい (itowashii, “disgusting, hateworthy”)
References
- Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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