维基百科

史蒂夫·比科

南非反種族隔離活動家（1946-1977）

斯蒂芬·班图·比科（科薩語：Stephen Bantu Biko，1946年12月18日—1977年9月12日[1]），是南非反种族隔离运动家，活跃于1960年代至1970年代初。

史蒂夫·比科
Steve Biko
出生(1946-12-18)1946年12月18日
 南非聯邦開普省威廉王城
逝世1977年9月12日(1977歲—09—12)（30歲）
 南非德蘭士瓦省比勒陀利亚
职业反種族隔離运动家
配偶恩齐基·马沙拉巴
（1970年结婚—1977年夫逝）

生平

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比科在南非创立了黑人觉醒运动（英语：Black Consciousness Movement），动员了大部分居住在城市的黑人。自从比科被警察拘留期间逝世后，他被称为反种族隔离运动（英语：Internal resistance to apartheid）的烈士[2]。他在世的时候，以写作、社会运动等方式尝试使黑人觉醒。比科有一句著名的口号——“黑人是美丽的”，他解释为：“朋友，你很不错，开始抬头看看你这个人。[3]”从1970年代至1990年代中期，非洲人国民大会对他以及黑人觉醒运动十分敌视，但现在则视比科为抗争英雄。

參考文獻

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引用
  1. ^ sahistory.org.za «Stephen Biko», （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） South Africa History.
  2. ^ 背景：史蒂夫·比科：反种族隔离制度运动的烈士. BBC新闻. 1997年12月8日 [2007-04-16]. （原始内容存档于2007-05-30）. 
  3. ^ 史蒂夫·比科. 《I Write What I Like》. Harper & Row. 1986年: 103–104. 
來源
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Mandela, Nelson. A Tribute to Stephen Bantu Biko. Xolela Mangcu (编). Biko: A Life. London and New York: I. B. Tauris. 2014: 7–9. ISBN 978-1-78076-785-7. 
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Mngxitama, Andile; Alexander, Amanda; Gibson, Nigel. Biko Lives. Biko Lives! Contesting the Legacies of Steve Biko. Andile Mngxitama, Amanda Alexander, and Nigel C. Gibson (eds.). New York and Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 2008: 1–20. ISBN 978-0-230-60519-0. 
Ngcobo, Ziyanda. Zuma Commemorates Biko on Human Rights Day. Eyewitness News. 21 March 2017 [4 March 2017]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-21）. 
Ngcukana, Lubabalo. Biko's grave a political battleground for parties. City Press. 13 September 2015 [4 March 2017]. （原始内容存档于2016-01-08）. 
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Silove, Derrick. Doctors and the State: Lessons from the Biko Case. Social Science and Medicine. 1990, 30 (4): 417–429. PMID 2180081. doi:10.1016/0277-9536(90)90344-R. 
Smit, B. F. Biko, Bantu Stephen (Steve). E. J. Verwey (编). New Dictionary of South African Biography. HSRC Press: 18–21. 1995. ISBN 978-0-7969-1648-8. 
Somerville, Keith. Row clouds Biko anniversary. news.bbc.co.uk. 12 September 2002 [13 September 2020]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-27）. 
Whitaker, Raymond. No prosecution for death of anti-apartheid activist Biko. The New Zealand Herald. 8 October 2003 [13 October 2012]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-19）. 
Wilson, Lindy. Steve Biko. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-8214-4441-2. 
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Zulu, Sifiso. Google celebrates Biko with commemorative doodle. Eyewitness News. 18 December 2016 [4 March 2017]. （原始内容存档于2016-12-19）. 

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