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{{Infobox person/Wikidata | fetchwikidata=ALL | onlysourced=yes }}
'''威爾遜·格雷特巴奇'''({{Lang-en|Wilson Greatbatch}},1919年9月6日—2011年9月27日)是一位[[美國人|美國籍]]的[[工程师|工程師]]及前衛發明家。他擁有超過150項專利,並且是{{tsl|en|List of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees|國家發明家名人堂成員列表|國家發明家名人堂的入選者}},另外,他還獲得了{{tsl|en|Lemelson-MIT Prize|勒梅森—MIT獎}}<ref name="bbcobit"/>和{{tsl|en|National Medal of Technology and Innovation|國家技術與創新獎章}}(1990年)。
'''威爾遜·格雷特巴奇'''({{Lang-en|Wilson Greatbatch}},1919年9月6日—2011年9月27日)是一位[[美國人|美國籍]]的[[工程师|工程師]]及前衛發明家。他擁有超過150項專利,並且是{{tsl|en|List of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees|國家發明家名人堂成員列表|國家發明家名人堂的入選者}},另外,他還獲得了{{tsl|en|Lemelson-MIT Prize|勒梅森—MIT獎}}<ref name="bbcobit"/>和{{tsl|en|National Medal of Technology and Innovation|國家技術與創新獎章}}(1990年)。


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== 查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器 ==
== 查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器 ==


查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器({{Lang|en|''Chardack-Greatbatch'' pacemaker}})使用馬洛里氧化汞—鋅電池([[水銀電池]])作為能量來源,以驅動兩個晶體管、變壓器耦合阻塞振盪{{tsl|en|blocking oscillator|阻塞振盪}}電路,它們封裝在[[环氧树脂|環氧樹脂]]內,然後耦合到放置在患者心臟{{tsl|en|myocardium|心肌}}上的電極。這項[[专利|專利]]創新促使[[明尼阿波利斯]]的[[美敦力]]公司開始製造,並進一步開發[[心律調節器]]。<ref>{{cite web | url= https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/museum/pacemaker | title= National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pacemaker – 1960 | accessdate= 2018-08-21 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161225120335/https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/museum/pacemaker | archive-date= 2016-12-25 | dead-url= no }}</ref>
查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器({{Lang|en|''Chardack-Greatbatch'' pacemaker}})使用馬洛里氧化汞—鋅電池([[水銀電池]])作為能量來源,以驅動兩個晶體管、變壓器耦合阻塞振盪{{tsl|en|blocking oscillator|阻塞振盪}}電路,它們封裝在[[环氧树脂|環氧樹脂]]內,然後耦合到放置在患者心臟[[心肌]]上的電極。這項[[专利|專利]]創新促使[[明尼阿波利斯]]的[[美敦力]]公司開始製造,並進一步開發[[心律調節器]]。<ref>{{cite web | url= https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/museum/pacemaker | title= National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pacemaker – 1960 | accessdate= 2018-08-21 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161225120335/https://nationalmaglab.org/education/magnet-academy/history-of-electricity-magnetism/museum/pacemaker | archive-date= 2016-12-25 | dead-url= no }}</ref>


== 慈善事業 ==
== 慈善事業 ==


格雷特巴奇向紐約{{tsl|en|Houghton College|霍頓學院}}捐贈資金,以開辦音樂研究生課程。霍頓學院使用其捐款建造了「霍頓學院藝術中心({{Lang|en|The Houghton College Center for the Arts}},CFA)」:裡面的設施包括音樂廳、藝術畫廊、多層聚會空間以及各種合唱和樂器練習室。隨後它獲命名為格雷特巴奇音樂學院({{Lang|en|Greatbatch School of Music}})。霍頓學院協助格雷特巴奇進行他的研究,當他無法獲得支援時為其提供實驗室及研究助理<ref>{{ cite web | url= http://theaquilareport.com/wilson-greatbatch-presbyterian-elder-and-pacemaker-inventor-dies | title= Wilson Greatbatch, Presbyterian Elder and Pacemaker Inventor, Dies | accessdate= 2018-08-21 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180131025217/https://www.theaquilareport.com/wilson-greatbatch-presbyterian-elder-and-pacemaker-inventor-dies/ | archive-date= 2018-01-31 | dead-url= no }}</ref>。
格雷特巴奇向紐約{{tsl|en|Houghton College|霍頓學院}}捐贈資金,以開辦音樂研究生課程。霍頓學院使用其捐款建造了「霍頓學院藝術中心({{Lang|en|The Houghton College Center for the Arts}},CFA)」:裡面的設施包括音樂廳、藝術畫廊、多層聚會空間以及各種合唱和樂器練習室。隨後它獲命名為格雷特巴奇音樂學院({{Lang|en|Greatbatch School of Music}})。霍頓學院協助格雷特巴奇進行他的研究,當他無法獲得支援時為其提供實驗室及研究助理<ref>{{cite web | url= http://theaquilareport.com/wilson-greatbatch-presbyterian-elder-and-pacemaker-inventor-dies | title= Wilson Greatbatch, Presbyterian Elder and Pacemaker Inventor, Dies | accessdate= 2018-08-21 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180131025217/https://www.theaquilareport.com/wilson-greatbatch-presbyterian-elder-and-pacemaker-inventor-dies/ | archive-date= 2018-01-31 | dead-url= no }}</ref>。


2009年,威爾遜和埃莉諾·格雷特巴奇({{Lang|en|Eleanor Greatbatch}})捐贈了大約1000萬美元以建造一個與{{tsl|en|Darwin D. Martin House|達爾文·D·馬丁樓|達爾文·D·馬丁綜合大樓}}分開的、現代化的玻璃接待和解說亭,稱為埃莉諾和威爾遜·格雷特巴奇亭({{Lang|en|Eleanor and Wilson Greatbatch Pavilion}})。它由[[哈佛大学|哈佛大學]]設計研究生院建築系主任{{tsl|en|Toshiko Mori|森俊子}}設計<ref>{{cite news|title=Frank Lloyd Wright’s Martin House is becoming one of Buffalo’s most popular tourist attractions|url=http://www.windsorstar.com/travel/Frank+Lloyd+Wright+Martin+House+becoming+Buffalo+most+popular/11182448/story.html|accessdate=2015-10-09|publisher=Windsor Star|date=2015-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114132/http://www.windsorstar.com/travel/Frank+Lloyd+Wright+Martin+House+becoming+Buffalo+most+popular/11182448/story.html|archive-date=2016-03-04|dead-url=no}}</ref>。
2009年,威爾遜和埃莉諾·格雷特巴奇({{Lang|en|Eleanor Greatbatch}})捐贈了大約1000萬美元以建造一個與{{tsl|en|Darwin D. Martin House|達爾文·D·馬丁樓|達爾文·D·馬丁綜合大樓}}分開的、現代化的玻璃接待和解說亭,稱為埃莉諾和威爾遜·格雷特巴奇亭({{Lang|en|Eleanor and Wilson Greatbatch Pavilion}})。它由[[哈佛大学|哈佛大學]]設計研究生院建築系主任{{tsl|en|Toshiko Mori|森俊子}}設計<ref>{{cite news|title=Frank Lloyd Wright’s Martin House is becoming one of Buffalo’s most popular tourist attractions|url=http://www.windsorstar.com/travel/Frank+Lloyd+Wright+Martin+House+becoming+Buffalo+most+popular/11182448/story.html|accessdate=2015-10-09|publisher=Windsor Star|date=2015-07-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114132/http://www.windsorstar.com/travel/Frank+Lloyd+Wright+Martin+House+becoming+Buffalo+most+popular/11182448/story.html|archive-date=2016-03-04|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。


== 逝世 ==
== 逝世 ==
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=== 參考書目 ===
=== 參考書目 ===
{{refbegin|2}}
{{refbegin|2}}
*[http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/greatbatch.html Biography of Greatbatch at MIT website] {{Wayback|url=http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/greatbatch.html |date=20030318182651 }}
*[http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/greatbatch.html Biography of Greatbatch at MIT website]{{Wayback|url=http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/greatbatch.html |date=20030318182651 }}
*{{Cite web |url=http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/ilives/lecture09.html |title=Making Hearts Beat |accessdate=2008-04-19 |last=Adam |first=John |coauthors= |date=1999-02-05 |work=Innovative Lives - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421224221/http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/ilives/lecture09.html |archivedate=2008-04-21 }}
*{{Cite web |url=http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/ilives/lecture09.html |title=Making Hearts Beat |accessdate=2008-04-19 |last=Adam |first=John |coauthors= |date=1999-02-05 |work=Innovative Lives - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421224221/http://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/ilives/lecture09.html |archivedate=2008-04-21 }}
*{{Cite web|url=http://invention.smithsonian.org/video |title=Wilson Greatbatch Makes Hearts Beat|date=Audio recording of Wilson Greatbatch from October 8, 1996 |work=Prototype Online: Inventive Voices podcast - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation |publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}
*{{Cite web |url=http://invention.smithsonian.org/video |title=Wilson Greatbatch Makes Hearts Beat |date=Audio recording of Wilson Greatbatch from October 8, 1996 |work=Prototype Online: Inventive Voices podcast - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=2018-08-21 |archive-date=2015-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109231609/http://www.invention.smithsonian.org/video/ |dead-url=no }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615232023/http://www.greatbatch.com/ Greatbatch.com Company Website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615232023/http://www.greatbatch.com/ Greatbatch.com Company Website]
* Beck H, Boden WE, Patibandla S, Kireyev D, Gutpa V, Campagna F, Cain ME, Marine JE.''50th Anniversary of the first successful permanent pacemaker implantation in the United States: historical review and future directions.'' Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep 15;106(6):810-8.
* Beck H, Boden WE, Patibandla S, Kireyev D, Gutpa V, Campagna F, Cain ME, Marine JE.''50th Anniversary of the first successful permanent pacemaker implantation in the United States: historical review and future directions.'' Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep 15;106(6):810-8.
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| inventor = Wilson Greatbatch
| inventor = Wilson Greatbatch
}}
}}
* [http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/248 A video interview with Wilson Greatbatch] from vega.org.uk
* [http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/248 A video interview with Wilson Greatbatch] {{Wayback|url=http://www.vega.org.uk/video/programme/248 |date=20200220121730 }} from vega.org.uk
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15085056 Implantable pacemaker inventor Wilson Greatbatch dies] {{Wayback|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15085056 |date=20110928153844 }} from BBC 28 September 2011
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15085056 Implantable pacemaker inventor Wilson Greatbatch dies]{{Wayback|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15085056 |date=20110928153844 }} from BBC 28 September 2011
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html] <big>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html Washington Post Obituary]</big>
* [https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html] {{Wayback|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html |date=20200711164217 }} <big>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html Washington Post Obituary] {{Wayback|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/wilson-greatbatch-engineer-who-invented-implantable-pacemaker-dies-at-92/2011/09/28/gIQAKEtp5K_story.html |date=20200711164217 }}</big>
* {{Find a Grave|77202161}}
* {{Find a Grave|77202161}}
* [https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/experience-the-collection/index.html#!/artifact/15 Battery at the CIA Museum, CIA.gov]
* [https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/experience-the-collection/index.html#!/artifact/15 Battery at the CIA Museum, CIA.gov] {{Wayback|url=https://www.cia.gov/about-cia/cia-museum/experience-the-collection/index.html#!/artifact/15 |date=20210103225026 }}


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[[Category:水牛城人]]
[[Category:水牛城人]]
[[Category:美國長老宗教徒]]
[[Category:美國長老宗教徒]]
[[Category:康奈尔大学工学院校友]]

2023年8月13日 (日) 14:20的最新版本

威爾遜·格雷特巴奇
出生1919年9月6日 编辑维基数据
水牛城 编辑维基数据
逝世2011年9月27日 编辑维基数据 (92歲)
水牛城 编辑维基数据
母校
职业工程师发明家 编辑维基数据
奖项國家技術與創新獎章 (美國)、美國國家發明家名人堂、拉斯奖、華盛頓獎 编辑维基数据

威爾遜·格雷特巴奇(英語:Wilson Greatbatch,1919年9月6日—2011年9月27日)是一位美國籍工程師及前衛發明家。他擁有超過150項專利,並且是國家發明家名人堂的入選者英语List of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees,另外,他還獲得了勒梅森—MIT獎英语Lemelson-MIT Prize[1]國家技術與創新獎章英语National Medal of Technology and Innovation(1990年)。

早期生活

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格雷特巴奇出生於紐約市水牛城,並在西塞尼卡就讀公立小學,後入讀西塞尼卡高中(West Seneca High School[2][3]。他進入軍隊服役並在第二次世界大戰期間服役,在1945年榮譽退役英语honorable discharge之前成為首席飛機通信員[3]。他依《美國軍人權利法案》入讀康奈爾大學,1950年獲得電機工程學學士學位畢業。1957年,他在水牛城大學(今紐約州立大學水牛城分校)獲得碩士學位。[3]

查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器

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查德—格雷特巴奇起搏器(Chardack-Greatbatch pacemaker)使用馬洛里氧化汞—鋅電池(水銀電池)作為能量來源,以驅動兩個晶體管、變壓器耦合阻塞振盪阻塞振盪英语blocking oscillator電路,它們封裝在環氧樹脂內,然後耦合到放置在患者心臟心肌上的電極。這項專利創新促使明尼阿波利斯美敦力公司開始製造,並進一步開發心律調節器[4]

慈善事業

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格雷特巴奇向紐約霍頓學院英语Houghton College捐贈資金,以開辦音樂研究生課程。霍頓學院使用其捐款建造了「霍頓學院藝術中心(The Houghton College Center for the Arts,CFA)」:裡面的設施包括音樂廳、藝術畫廊、多層聚會空間以及各種合唱和樂器練習室。隨後它獲命名為格雷特巴奇音樂學院(Greatbatch School of Music)。霍頓學院協助格雷特巴奇進行他的研究,當他無法獲得支援時為其提供實驗室及研究助理[5]

2009年,威爾遜和埃莉諾·格雷特巴奇(Eleanor Greatbatch)捐贈了大約1000萬美元以建造一個與達爾文·D·馬丁綜合大樓英语Darwin D. Martin House分開的、現代化的玻璃接待和解說亭,稱為埃莉諾和威爾遜·格雷特巴奇亭(Eleanor and Wilson Greatbatch Pavilion)。它由哈佛大學設計研究生院建築系主任森俊子英语Toshiko Mori設計[6]

逝世

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2011年9月27日,威爾遜·格雷特巴奇去世,終年92歲[7][8]。格雷特巴奇成為了克拉倫斯長老宗教堂(Clarence Presbyterian Church)的長老,他曾經在克拉倫斯長老宗教堂的唱詩班並擔任學主日學的導師[9]

參考來源

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內文引註

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  1. ^ Implantable pacemaker inventor Wilson Greatbatch dies. BBC News. 2011-09-27 [2011-09-28]. (原始内容存档于2011-09-28). 
  2. ^ Oral-History:Wilson Greatbatch - Engineering and Technology History Wiki. ethw.org. [2017-12-30]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-31) (英语). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Wilson Greatbatch. Inventor profile. National Inventors Hall of Fame英语National Inventors Hall of Fame. [2011-09-28]. (原始内容存档于2011-10-15). 
  4. ^ National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Pacemaker – 1960. [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2016-12-25). 
  5. ^ Wilson Greatbatch, Presbyterian Elder and Pacemaker Inventor, Dies. [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-31). 
  6. ^ Frank Lloyd Wright’s Martin House is becoming one of Buffalo’s most popular tourist attractions. Windsor Star. 2015-07-02 [2015-10-09]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04). 
  7. ^ Feder, Barnaby. Wilson Greatbatch, Pacemaker Inventor, Dies at 92. The New York Times. 2011-09-28 [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2018-06-27). 
  8. ^ Richmond, Caroline. Wilson Greatbatch obituary. The Guardian (London). 2011-09-29 [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-19). 
  9. ^ Jim Stommen. Remembering Wilson Greatbatch A tinkerer at heart, Wilson Greatbatch epitomized what that means to medicine. [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05). 

參考書目

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  • Biography of Greatbatch at MIT website页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆
  • Adam, John. Making Hearts Beat. Innovative Lives - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. Smithsonian Institution. 1999-02-05 [2008-04-19]. (原始内容存档于2008-04-21). 
  • Wilson Greatbatch Makes Hearts Beat. Prototype Online: Inventive Voices podcast - The Smithsonian's Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. Smithsonian Institution. Audio recording of Wilson Greatbatch from October 8, 1996 [2018-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2015-01-09). 
  • Greatbatch.com Company Website
  • Beck H, Boden WE, Patibandla S, Kireyev D, Gutpa V, Campagna F, Cain ME, Marine JE.50th Anniversary of the first successful permanent pacemaker implantation in the United States: historical review and future directions. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Sep 15;106(6):810-8.

外部連結

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