圣经章节：修订间差异
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{{translating|[[:en:Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible|Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible]]|30|time=2008-03-15T22:47:20}} |
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现在，對於[[新教]]徒而言，《[[聖經]]》包括66[[聖經各卷|卷]]；對於[[羅馬天主教]]徒來說，《聖經》有73卷；對於大部份[[東正教]]徒，《聖經》有78卷。每一卷又包括若干章和節。 |
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新教徒的 |
新教徒的《聖經》（不包括[[次經]]），包括《舊約》929章和《新約》260章，共計有1,189章（平均每卷有18章）。其中《舊約》有23,145節，《新約》有 7,957節，共計有31,102節，平均每章不到26節。 |
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[[希伯 |
《[[希伯來聖經]]》的章節劃分在許多地方與基督徒使用的聖經有所差異。例如，在猶太人傳統中，<!-- the ascriptions to 詩篇 are regarded as 獨立的 verses, making 116 more verses,然而基督徒的慣例 is to count and number each Psalm ascription together with the first verse following it. --> |
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==歷史== |
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儘管一部份原文聖經在邏輯上被按照[[希伯來字母]]分段，但是最初的抄本並沒有如同今天讀者所熟悉般地分為章和節，並編號。只有某些離合詩結構的經文，例如[[詩篇]]119篇和[[耶利米哀歌]]，是按照[[希伯來字母]]分段。 |
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在公元前586年[[巴比 |
在公元前586年[[巴比倫之囚]]之前，[[舊約聖經]]已經開始被分成段落，[[摩西]]五經被分成154個閱讀的段落，供3年週期使用。後來，在西元前536年之前，律法被分為54個段落和669個小段供人閱讀。 |
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在 |
在公元325年[[第一次尼西亞公會議]]之前，新約聖經被分成段落，不過分段與現代聖經的分段有所不同。 |
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<!-- An 重要的 canon of 新约 was proclaimed by [[Pope Damasus I]] in the Roman synod of 374年. Pope Damasus also induced [[耶柔米]], a priest 来自安提阿, to undertake his 整本圣经的著名译本, 包括新约圣经和旧约圣经翻译成当时的共同语[[拉丁文]]。The Church continued to finance the very expensive process of copying and providing copies of 圣经 to 各地教会and communities from that point up to and beyond 印刷机的发明, which 大大减少了producing copies of the Scriptures的费用。 |
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Churchmen Archbishop [[Stephen Langton]] and Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro determined different schemas for systematic division of the Bible between 1227 and 1248. It is the system of Archbishop Langton on which the modern chapter divisions are based. --> |
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<!-- 目前尚不知晓 how early the Hebrew verse divisions were part of the books that were later chosen as part of the [[圣经正典]]。不过，it is beyond dispute that for 至少一千年 [[Tanakh]] has contained an extensive system of multiple levels of section, paragraph, and phrasal divisions that were indicated in [[Masoretic]] vocalization and cantillation markings. One of the most frequent of these was a special type of punctuation, the sof passuq, symbol for 句号, or sentence break, that resembles the colon mark (:) of English and Latin orthography. With the advent of the printing press and 将[[圣经]]译成英文，旧约圣经 versifications were made that correspond predominantly with the existing Hebrew full stops, with a few isolated exceptions. A product of meticulous labour and unwearying attention, 旧约圣经 verse divisions stand today in essentially the same places as they have been passed down since antiquity. --> |
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| ⚫ | * 與通常的觀點相反，詩篇118篇不是聖經中中間的一章。英文欽定譯本的節數為偶數（31,102節）[https://web.archive.org/web/20070810180649/http://www.blueletterbible.org/study/misc/66books.html]，中間的兩節是詩篇103篇1-2節。[http://www.biblebelievers.com/believers-org/kjv-stats.html]{{Wayback|url=http://www.biblebelievers.com/believers-org/kjv-stats.html |date=20070529221735 }} |
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<!-- 在新约圣经中，分节始于 added by [[Robert Estienne]] ([[Stephanus]]) in his [[1551年]] 希腊文新约圣经版本。最早的分节的英文新约圣经是 a 1557 translation by [[William Whittingham]] (c. 1524-1579).第一本使用章和节的英文圣经是稍迟于[[1560年]]出版的[[日内瓦圣经]]。这些节的划分不久获得接受 as a standard way to notate verses, and have since been used in 几乎所有英文圣经。 --> |
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* 約翰福音11章35節（「[[耶穌哭了]]」）是大多數英文譯本中最短的一節。如果按照原文，則帖撒羅尼迦前書5章16節是最短的一節。新國際本、新活潑真道、霍爾曼標準聖經和新國際讀者版等一些譯本將約伯記3章2節譯為「他說」（"He said"）。不過，考慮到這是翻譯者將希伯來原文「約伯回答並說」進行濃縮，因而通常不被認為是「最短的節」。 |
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* 以斯帖記8章9節是瑪所拉版本中最長的一節。在庫姆蘭[[死海古卷]]中發現了被認為是撒母耳記上11章最原始的經文，該章有數節在長度上超過了以斯帖記8章9節。 |
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<!-- 与旧约圣经的希伯来文不同，希腊文的结构使其 highly susceptible to being broken up into divisions that would be syntactically inappropriate and even contrary to the sense of the passage. Inexact apportionment of the Greek into verses therefore could easily have obscured the intent, relation, emphasis and force of the words themselves, 因而引起了神学家们最 strenuous objections。The retention of Robert Estienne's verse divisions essentially without alteration is a tribute not only to the inherent utility of his contribution to Bible study, but also to his excellent knowledge of the scriptures and grasp of the fine points of 古希腊文。 --> |
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* 约翰福音11章35节（“[[耶稣哭了]]”）是大多数英文译本中最短的一节。如果按照原文，则帖撒罗尼迦前书5章16节是最短的一节。<!-- Some translations—New International Version, New Living Translation, New Life Version, Holman Christian Standard Bible and New International Reader's Version—render Job 3:2 as "He said". However, considering that this is a translators' condensation of the literal Hebrew ("And Job answered and said"), this is usually not considered "the shortest verse". |
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* Esther 8:9 is the longest verse in the Masoretic Text. The discovery of several manuscripts at [[Qumran]] (in the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]]) has reopened what is considered the most original text of 1 Samuel 11; if one believes that those manuscripts better preserve the text, several verses in 1 Samuel 11 surpass Esther 8:9 in length. --> |
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==理解== |
==理解== |
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分節是為了方便讀者進行閱讀。分節有助於記憶，或者在討論時找到同樣的節。不過，這也導致了如下結論：只有少數的節為了解釋才需要放在一起。這推動將節想像為獨立的、孤立的意義單位，不過也有部份聖經學者努力攔阻這樣做。 |
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差不多聖經中每一卷的每一句，都需要通過其上下文來進行理解。孤立地解釋一節經常導致誤解，但是如果結合上下文，其意義就會清楚了。 |
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<!-- Versification exists as a convenience to the reader. As an aide to memorization, or as a means of finding the same lines during a discussion, versification may be useful. However, it may also lead toward the conclusion that only a few lines need be taken together in order to interpret them. The impulse to conceive of verses as independent, isolated units of meaning is strong, despite efforts on the part of Biblical scholars to discourage this. |
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''A fortiori'' 將一節斷開。例如，經常引用的一個例子是，聖經中說：「沒有神」。但是詩篇14篇1節完整的句子是：「愚頑人心裡說，沒有神」這樣，在上下文中的意義，與最後3個字的意義完全不同。 |
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As much as any sentence in any book, any statement in the Bible is designed to be understood in its own context. Interpretation of isolated verses often leads to misunderstandings that would be clear if the same words were studied in context. |
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聖經中的有些句子被分為好幾節。例如，羅馬書3章23節說，「因為世人都犯了罪，虧缺了神的榮耀」。不過，這一節只是跨越22-25節的一個長句子的一部份。 |
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''A fortiori'' this applies for parts of verses. For example, an oft-quoted phrase from the Bible says: "There is no God." The complete sentence, from Psalm 14:1, reads, "The fool hath said in his heart, 'There is no God.'" The meaning, in context, is quite different from the meaning, in isolation, of the last four words. |
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Some sentences in the Bible are divided across several verses. As an example, Romans 3:23 says, "for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God," in the King James Version. However, this verse is only part of a longer sentence spanning verses 22-25. --> |
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== 参考文献 == |
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<!-- It may be tempting to assume that short quotations and quick snippets can be interpreted, applied, and utilized independently of their context. However, when the Bible was written, it was meant to be deeply pondered, sequentially studied, and fully considered. --> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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<!-- A relatively new form of Bible study was developed and adopted by [[InterVarsity Christian Fellowship]] in response to the problem described above. Manuscript study was designed to avoid the distraction of the chapter and verse divisions, and to see a much clearer connection from one passage to another within a book of the Bible. In a typical manuscript study, the chapter and verse divisions, footnotes, and paragraphing are removed, and the Biblical text is converted to a "manuscript." The manuscript is double-spaced with wide margins for note-taking. The student reads the manuscript, marking notes in the margins and between the lines and drawing connections from one section to another with a set of colored pencils. In this way, the student can see meaning in Scripture that was difficult to see before. --> |
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* [[Biblical curiosities]] --> |
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{{聖經書卷}} |
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[[Category:圣经各章| ]] |
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[[Category:圣经各节| ]] |
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{{Link FA|he}} |
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[[en:Chapters and verses of the Bible]] |
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[[he:חלוקת הפרקים בתנ"ך]] |
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[[fi:Raamatun luvut ja jakeet]] |
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2024年7月23日 (二) 20:07的最新版本
| 聖經類別的一部分 |
| 聖經 |
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| 聖經正典和次經 |
| 發展和執筆者 |
| 譯本和抄本 |
| 聖經研究 |
| 闡釋 |
| 觀點 |
| 宗教系列 聖經 | |
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| 聖經歷史 聖經成書時序 | |
| 舊約聖經 摩西五經 大先知書 小先知書 歷史詩歌書 | |
| 新約聖經 四福音書 新約歷史書 保羅書信 其他書信 啟示文學 | |
| 次經 猶太教的次經 天主教及東正教的次經 各教派對次經的立場 | |
| 外典 多馬福音 猶大福音 巴拿巴福音 | |
| 釋經書 釋經書歷史 歷代釋經書一覽表 | |
| 犹太教圣经正典《塔納赫》 及基督教《旧约圣经》 目录 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 转到《新约圣经》目录 → | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 基督教《新约圣经》目录 |
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| 1-4：四福音书 |
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1 马太福音／玛窦福音 2 马可福音／马尔谷福音 3 路加福音 4 约翰福音／若望福音 |
| 5 使徒行传／宗徒大事录 |
| 6-18：保羅書信／保祿書信 |
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6 罗马书／罗马人书 7 哥林多前书／格林多前书 8 哥林多后书／格林多后书 9 加拉太书／迦拉达书 10 以弗所书／厄弗所书 11 腓立比书／斐理伯书 12 歌罗西书／哥罗森书 13 帖撒罗尼迦前书／得撒洛尼前书 14 帖撒罗尼迦后书／得撒洛尼后书 15 提摩太前书／弟茂德前书 16 提摩太后书／弟茂德后书 17 提多书／弟铎书 18 腓利门书／费肋孟书 |
| 19-26 大公書信 |
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19 希伯来书 20 雅各书／雅各伯书 21 彼得前书／伯多禄前书 22 彼得后书／伯多禄后书 23 约翰一书／若望一书 24 约翰二书／若望二书 25 约翰三书／若望三书 26 犹大书／犹达书 |
| 27 启示录／若望默示录 |
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註1：左側為新教譯名／右側為天主教譯名。参见术语对照表。 註2：书名中带下划线的一字或两字组合为简称。 ← 转到《旧约圣经》目录 |
现在，對於新教徒而言，《聖經》包括66卷；對於羅馬天主教徒來說，《聖經》有73卷；對於大部份東正教徒，《聖經》有78卷。每一卷又包括若干章和節。
新教徒的《聖經》（不包括次經），包括《舊約》929章和《新約》260章，共計有1,189章（平均每卷有18章）。其中《舊約》有23,145節，《新約》有 7,957節，共計有31,102節，平均每章不到26節。
《希伯來聖經》的章節劃分在許多地方與基督徒使用的聖經有所差異。例如，在猶太人傳統中，
歷史
[编辑]章
[编辑]儘管一部份原文聖經在邏輯上被按照希伯來字母分段，但是最初的抄本並沒有如同今天讀者所熟悉般地分為章和節，並編號。只有某些離合詩結構的經文，例如詩篇119篇和耶利米哀歌，是按照希伯來字母分段。
在公元前586年巴比倫之囚之前，舊約聖經已經開始被分成段落，摩西五經被分成154個閱讀的段落，供3年週期使用。後來，在西元前536年之前，律法被分為54個段落和669個小段供人閱讀。
在公元325年第一次尼西亞公會議之前，新約聖經被分成段落，不過分段與現代聖經的分段有所不同。
節
[编辑]瑣事
[编辑]對於新教徒的聖經而言，
- 詩篇117篇是聖經中最短的一章。
- 詩篇119篇是聖經中最長的一章。
- 詩篇117篇是聖經中中間的一章。（按照新教聖經的組成和順序），第595章。[1]
- 與通常的觀點相反，詩篇118篇不是聖經中中間的一章。英文欽定譯本的節數為偶數（31,102節）[2]，中間的兩節是詩篇103篇1-2節。[3]（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
- 約翰福音11章35節（「耶穌哭了」）是大多數英文譯本中最短的一節。如果按照原文，則帖撒羅尼迦前書5章16節是最短的一節。新國際本、新活潑真道、霍爾曼標準聖經和新國際讀者版等一些譯本將約伯記3章2節譯為「他說」（"He said"）。不過，考慮到這是翻譯者將希伯來原文「約伯回答並說」進行濃縮，因而通常不被認為是「最短的節」。
- 以斯帖記8章9節是瑪所拉版本中最長的一節。在庫姆蘭死海古卷中發現了被認為是撒母耳記上11章最原始的經文，該章有數節在長度上超過了以斯帖記8章9節。
理解
[编辑]分節是為了方便讀者進行閱讀。分節有助於記憶，或者在討論時找到同樣的節。不過，這也導致了如下結論：只有少數的節為了解釋才需要放在一起。這推動將節想像為獨立的、孤立的意義單位，不過也有部份聖經學者努力攔阻這樣做。
差不多聖經中每一卷的每一句，都需要通過其上下文來進行理解。孤立地解釋一節經常導致誤解，但是如果結合上下文，其意義就會清楚了。
A fortiori 將一節斷開。例如，經常引用的一個例子是，聖經中說：「沒有神」。但是詩篇14篇1節完整的句子是：「愚頑人心裡說，沒有神」這樣，在上下文中的意義，與最後3個字的意義完全不同。
聖經中的有些句子被分為好幾節。例如，羅馬書3章23節說，「因為世人都犯了罪，虧缺了神的榮耀」。不過，這一節只是跨越22-25節的一個長句子的一部份。
原稿研究
[编辑]参考文献
[编辑]外部連結
[编辑]- Number of chapters in each book
- BibleGateway.com（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (NIV, ESV, etc.)
- BibleStudyTools.net（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (KJV, NRSV, NKJV, etc.)
- SacredBible.org（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Latin Vulgate
- UnboundBible.org（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Languages other than English
- o-bible.com（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Chinese and English
- Online Jewish translation of the Bible（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） With Rashi's commentary by The Judaica Press at Chabad.org
- Bible Verses（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） King James (KJV) and Revised Standard Version (RSV) searchable Bibles
- EternalPages.com（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Free Online Bible Server. Complete text in multiple languages and versions.
- Searchable King James Bible（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Individually referenced by chapter and verse, with accompanying historical texts
- New Living Translation New Living Translation Online (Search and Read)
- The Skeptic's Annotated Bible（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） The Bible study website for Atheists.