The most basic parts of any citation are:
Title (of the book, chapter, article, website, artwork, etc.)
Author / creator
Publisher (what copany published the work? Useful to distinguish between similarly titled works)
Date of Publication
Date Accessed (for websites or databases)
Pages (if citing an article or chapter within a larger work, or if citing a specific page within a book)
Issue (for magazine or journal articles)
Volume (for any serial or periodical from annual reports to magazines and jounral articles)
For example, here is a journal article citiation from ZU Library's subject guide Citing your Sources.
For more information and to see examples of how to recognize different kinds of citiations such as a book or journal article, please refer to Saint Anselm College's guide to Understanding Citations.