Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District - Ballotpedia

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Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District

Incumbent

Matt Cartwright

Assumed office: January 3, 2019

Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Matt Cartwright (D).

As of the 2020 Census, Pennsylvania representatives represented an average of 765,403 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 707,495 residents.

Pivot Counties

See also: Pivot Counties and 2018 Congressional elections in Pivot Counties

At the time of the 2018 election, this district intersected with one or more Pivot Counties. These 206 Pivot Counties voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012.^[1]

Elections

2024

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2024

Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2024 (April 23 Democratic primary)

Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2024 (April 23 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Rob Bresnahan Jr. defeated incumbent Matt Cartwright in the general election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Rob Bresnahan Jr. (R)	51.0	192,784
		Matt Cartwright (D)	49.0	185,360

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 378,144
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on April 23, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright	98.9	58,573
		Other/Write-in votes	1.1	632

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 59,205
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Rob Bresnahan Jr. advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on April 23, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Rob Bresnahan Jr.	99.0	42,365
		Other/Write-in votes	1.0	419

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 42,784
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2022

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright defeated Jim Bognet in the general election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright (D)	51.2	146,956
		Jim Bognet (R)	48.8	139,930

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 286,886
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on May 17, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright	100.0	68,696

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 68,696
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Brian Kelly (D)
Jon Lanzaro-Fisher (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Jim Bognet defeated Mike Marsicano in the Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on May 17, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jim Bognet	68.7	47,097
		Mike Marsicano	31.3	21,436

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 68,533
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Teddy Daniels (R)

2020

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright defeated Jim Bognet in the general election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright (D)	51.8	178,004
		Jim Bognet (R)	48.2	165,783

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 343,787
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on June 2, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright	100.0	75,101

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 75,101
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on June 2, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jim Bognet	28.4	16,281
		Teddy Daniels	23.7	13,560
		Earl Granville	23.2	13,283
		Mike Marsicano	12.9	7,404
		Harry Haas	9.4	5,369
		Mikel Cammisa	2.4	1,367

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 57,264
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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2018

Results of 2018 redistricting

On February 19, 2018, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court adopted a new congressional district map after ruling that the original map constituted an illegal partisan gerrymander. District locations and numbers were changed by the new map. Candidates were listed under Pennsylvania’s new districts, which were used in the 2018 congressional elections. Click here for more information about the ruling.

The chart below compares this new district with the old district that was the most geographically similar to it.

Old district^[2]	Prior incumbent	Prior 2016 presidential result	New 2016 presidential result
17th District	Matt Cartwright (D)	R+10.1	R+9.5

Not sure which district you're in? Find out here.

Click the box below to see how the new congressional districts compare to the ones in place before the redrawing.

Changes in Pennsylvania's congressional districts
New district	Prior district^[2]^[3]	Prior 2016 presidential result	New 2016 presidential result	Prior incumbent
1st District	8th District	R+0.2	D+2.0	Brian Fitzpatrick (R)
2nd District	13th District	D+33.6	D+48.0	Brendan Boyle (D)
3rd District	2nd District	D+82.8	D+83.9	Dwight Evans (D)
4th District	13th District	D+33.6	D+19.4	None^[4]
5th District	7th District	D+2.3	D+28.2	Pat Meehan (R)
6th District	6th District	D+0.6	D+9.3	Ryan Costello (R)
7th District	15th District	R+7.6	D+1.1	Charlie Dent (R)
8th District	17th District	R+10.1	R+9.5	Matt Cartwright (D)
9th District	17th District	R+10.1	R+34.0	None^[5]
10th District	4th District	R+21.5	R+8.9	Scott Perry (R)
11th District	16th District	R+6.8	R+25.8	Lloyd Smucker (R)
12th District	10th District	R+36.0	R+36.5	Tom Marino (R)
13th District	9th District	R+42.5	R+45.5	Bill Shuster (R)
14th District	18th District	R+19.6	R+29.0	Conor Lamb (D)^[6]^[7]
15th District	5th District	R+28.8	R+43.4	Glenn Thompson (R)
16th District	3rd District	R+26.1	R+19.9	Mike Kelly (R)
17th District	12th District	R+20.8	R+2.5	Keith Rothfus (R)
18th District	14th District	D+35.5	D+26.8	Mike Doyle (D)
Source: Daily Kos

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright defeated John Chrin in the general election for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright (D)	54.6	135,603
		John Chrin (R)	45.4	112,563

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 248,166
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

Incumbent Matt Cartwright advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on May 15, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Matt Cartwright	100.0	36,189

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 36,189
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8

John Chrin defeated Joe Peters and Robert Kuniegel in the Republican primary for U.S. House Pennsylvania District 8 on May 15, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		John Chrin	48.5	15,221
		Joe Peters	34.9	10,951
		Robert Kuniegel	16.7	5,233

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 31,405
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2016

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District election, 2016

Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District was a battleground district in 2016. Incumbent Michael G. Fitzpatrick (R), who served in Congress from 2005 to 2007 and was elected once again in 2010, chose not to seek re-election in 2016, leaving the seat open. Fitzpatrick decided not to run in 2016 because of self-imposed term limits.

Brian Fitzpatrick (R), a former FBI agent and the brother of the retiring incumbent, defeated state Rep. Steve Santarsiero (D) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Fitzpatrick defeated former Bucks County Commissioner Andy Warren and clinical psychologist and neuropsychologist Marc Duome in the Republican primary. Santarsiero defeated business owner Shaughnessy Naughton to win the Democratic nomination. The primary elections took place on April 26, 2016.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]

**U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2016**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Brian Fitzpatrick	54.4%	207,263
	Democratic	Steve Santarsiero	45.6%	173,555
Total Votes				380,818
Source: Pennsylvania Department of State

**U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 Democratic Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Steve Santarsiero	59.8%	50,416
Shaughnessy Naughton	40.2%	33,864
Total Votes		84,280
Source: Pennsylvania Department of State

**U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 Republican Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Brian Fitzpatrick	78.4%	74,150
Andy Warren	12.5%	11,828
Marc Duome	9.1%	8,641
Total Votes		94,619
Source: Pennsylvania Department of State

2014

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 8th Congressional District of Pennsylvania held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Michael G. Fitzpatrick (R) defeated Kevin Strouse (D) in the general election.

**U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2014**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Michael G. Fitzpatrick Incumbent	61.9%	137,731
	Democratic	Kevin Strouse	38.1%	84,767
Total Votes				222,498
Source: Pennsylvania Department of State

2012

See also: Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District elections, 2012

The 8th Congressional District of Pennsylvania held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Michael G. Fitzpatrick won re-election in the district.^[17]

**U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2012**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Kathryn Boockvar	43.4%	152,859
	Republican	Michael G. Fitzpatrick Incumbent	56.6%	199,379
Total Votes				352,238
Source: Pennsylvania Department of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

2010

On November 2, 2010, Michael G. Fitzpatrick won election to the United States House. He defeated Patrick J. Murphy (D) in the general election.^[18]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Michael G. Fitzpatrick	53.5%	130,759
	Democratic	Patrick J. Murphy incumbent	46.5%	113,547
Total Votes				244,306

2008

On November 4, 2008, Patrick J. Murphy won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Tom Manion (R) and Tom Lingenfelter (Libertarian) in the general election.^[19]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Patrick J. Murphy incumbent	56.8%	197,869
	Republican	Tom Manion	41.6%	145,103
	Libertarian	Tom Lingenfelter	1.6%	5,543
Total Votes				348,515

2006

On November 7, 2006, Patrick J. Murphy won election to the United States House. He defeated Michael G. Fitzpatrick (R) and various write-in challengers in the general election.^[20]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Patrick J. Murphy	50.3%	125,656
	Republican	Michael G. Fitzpatrick incumbent	49.7%	124,138
	N/A	Write-in	0%	23
Total Votes				249,817

2004

On November 2, 2004, Michael G. Fitzpatrick won election to the United States House. He defeated Virginia Waters Schrader (D), Erich G. Lukas (Constitution) and Arthur L. Farnsworth (Libertarian) in the general election.^[21]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Michael G. Fitzpatrick	55.3%	183,229
	Democratic	Virginia Waters Schrader	43.3%	143,427
	Libertarian	Erich G. Lukas	0.3%	898
Total Votes				331,264

2002

On November 5, 2002, James C. Greenwood won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Timothy T. Reece (D) and various write-in challengers in the general election.^[22]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	James C. Greenwood incumbent	62.6%	127,475
	Democratic	Timothy T. Reece	37.4%	76,178
	N/A	Write-in	0%	34
Total Votes				203,687

2000

On November 7, 2000, James C. Greenwood won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Ronald L. Strouse (D) and Philip C. Holmen (Reform) in the general election.^[23]

U.S. House, Pennsylvania District 8 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	James C. Greenwood incumbent	59.2%	154,090
	Democratic	Ronald L. Strouse	38.7%	100,617
	Reform	Philip C. Holmen	2.1%	5,394
Total Votes				260,101

District map

Redistricting

2020-2021

See also: Redistricting in Pennsylvania after the 2020 census

On February 23, 2022, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court ruled to enact a new congressional map.^[24] Over a dozen maps were submitted to the supreme court, including the map approved by the legislature. The court ultimately selected the Carter map in a 4-3 ruling, which was submitted by a group of Pennsylvania citizens who were petitioners in a redistricting-related lawsuit. Justices Debra Todd (D), Sallie Mundy (R), and Kevin Brobson (R) dissented.^[25] Spotlight PA's Kate Huangpu wrote that the map is "as similar as possible to the current congressional map, with nearly 90% of residents staying in the same district."^[25] This map took effect for Pennsylvania's 2022 congressional elections.

The state supreme court took authority over the redistricting process after Gov. Tom Wolf (D) vetoed the legislature's enacted map on January 26.^[26] The Pennsylvania House of Representatives voted to approve the initial map 110-91 on January 12, and the Pennsylvania State Senate voted 29-20 to approve the map on January 24.^[27]^[28] Following Wolf's veto, the authority for determining a new map initially rested with a lower court, but in a February 2 ruling the supreme court ruled that it would have control over the process to select a new congressional map.^[29]

How does redistricting in Pennsylvania work? In Pennsylvania, the statutory authority to draw congressional district boundaries is vested with the Pennsylvania General Assembly. These lines are subject to gubernatorial veto.^[30]

State legislative district lines are drawn by a politician commission. Established in 1968, the commission comprises five members:^[30]

The majority leader of the Pennsylvania State Senate appoints one member.
The minority leader of the Pennsylvania State Senate appoints one member.
The majority leader of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives appoints one member.
The minority leader of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives appoints one member.
The first four commissioners appoint a fifth member to serve as the commission's chair. If the commission is unable to reach an agreement, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court must appoint a commission chair.^[30]

The Pennsylvania Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. Further, state legislative districts should "respect county, city, incorporated town, borough, township and ward boundaries." There are no such requirements in place for congressional districts.^[30]

Pennsylvania District 8
until January 2, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

Pennsylvania District 8
starting January 3, 2023

Click a district to compare boundaries.

2018

On January 22, 2018, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court struck down the state's congressional district map, finding that the map constituted an illegal partisan gerrymander. On February 19, 2018, the court adopted a remedial map for use in the 2018 election cycle. Pennsylvania Republicans filed suit in federal district court to prevent implementation of the new map. The district court dismissed the suit on March 19, 2018. State Republicans also petitioned the Supreme Court of the United States to stay the state supreme court's order pending appeal. The court rejected this request on March 19, 2018. To learn more, see here.

2010-2011

This is the 8th Congressional District prior to the 2010 redistricting.

See also: Redistricting in Pennsylvania after the 2010 census

The Legislative Reapportionment Commission in Pennsylvania approved the GOP-proposed map. It was signed into law on December 22, 2001.^[31]^[32]

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Pennsylvania's 8th the 197th most Republican district nationally.^[33]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 50.9%-48.0%.^[34]

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Pennsylvania's 8th the 196th most Republican district nationally.^[35]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 48.0% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 50.9%.^[36]

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage point more Republican than the national average. This made Pennsylvania's 8th Congressional District the 230th most Republican nationally.^[37]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.05. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.05 points toward that party.^[38]

See also

External links

GovTrack District 8

Footnotes

↑ The raw data for this study was provided by Dave Leip of Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Refers to the old district that makes up a plurality of the new district.
↑ The old 1st and 11th Districts did not make up a plurality of any of the new districts. The 1st District went for Hillary Clinton by 61.3 percentage points and was represented by Bob Brady (D). The 11th District went for Donald Trump by 23.8 percentage points and was represented by Lou Barletta (R).
↑ District 13 incumbent Brendan Boyle (D) filed for re-election in the new 2nd District.
↑ District 17 incumbent Matt Cartwright (D) filed for re-election in the new 8th District.
↑ Lamb was elected in a March 2018 special election to replace Rep. Tim Murphy (R).
↑ Lamb filed to run for PA-17 in the 2018 election.
↑ Roll Call, "Democrat Kicks Off Race for Open Pennsylvania Seat," accessed January 12, 2014
↑ Politics PA, "PA-8: Warren to Run in 2016," June 24, 2015
↑ Politics PA, "PA-8: Petri Officially Jumps into Congressional Race," October 2, 2015
↑ Ballotpedia Staff, "Email correspondence with Marc Duome," January 11, 2016
↑ Philly.com, "Fitzpatrick's brother aims to succeed him in U.S. House," January 22, 2016
↑ Roll Call, "Democrat Kicks Off Race for Open Pennsylvania Seat," accessed January 12, 2014
↑ Philly.com, "GOP's Petri drops out of Bucks County congressional race," February 1, 2016
↑ Pennsylvania Department of State, "Unofficial Candidate Listing – Pre Ballot Lottery," accessed February 17, 2016
↑ The New York Times, "Pennsylvania Primary Results," April 26, 2016
↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, Pennsylvania"
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
↑ Pennsylvania Supreme Court, "Order," February 23, 2022
↑ ^25.0 ^25.1 Spotlight PA, "Pennsylvania Supreme Court picks congressional map put forth by state voters," February 23, 2022
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named wtae
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↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named house
↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named psc
↑ ^30.0 ^30.1 ^30.2 ^30.3 All About Redistricting, "Pennsylvania," accessed May 8, 2015
↑ ABC 27, "Corbett signs off on new congressional map," December 22, 2011
↑ The Republic, "Senate Democrats and Chester County group plan to contest Pa. legislative redistricting plan," January 7, 2012
↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018

Pennsylvania's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

John Fetterman (D)

Representatives

District 1

Brian Fitzpatrick (R)

District 2

Brendan Boyle (D)

District 3

Dwight Evans (D)

District 4

Madeleine Dean (D)

District 5

Mary Scanlon (D)

District 6

Chrissy Houlahan (D)

District 7

Susan Wild (D)

District 8

Matt Cartwright (D)

District 9

Dan Meuser (R)

District 10

Scott Perry (R)

District 11

Lloyd Smucker (R)

District 12

Summer Lee (D)

District 13

John Joyce (R)

District 14

Guy Reschenthaler (R)

District 15

Glenn Thompson (R)

District 16

Mike Kelly (R)

District 17

Chris Deluzio (D)

Democratic Party (11)

Republican Party (8)

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